构建我国食品召回制度的法律思考

近年来,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,食品安全问题日趋成为人们关注的焦点,一系列事件的发生本身再次证明我国食品安全制度和食品召回制度存在严重缺陷。所以,如何构建科学、规范、高效的食品召回制度已是刻不容缓。本文在借鉴国外先进的法律制度和研究成果的基础上,结合我国实际,分析了我国现有的食品安全管理体制和食品召回制度中存在的问题,并对如何构建我国食品召回制度提出了深入的探讨。     

实施生态立省战略 推动青海科学发展

实施生态立省战略是落实科学发展观的具体体现,是不断深化对青海省情认识的必然结果。发挥好青海巨大的生态功能,必须将生态保护与建设放置到一个更高的位置,全力推进生态立省战略,不断强化政府的生态管理职能。     

欧盟区域经济一体化的投资效应研究

区域经济一体化是当今世界经济发展的一个重要特征,一体化发展的程度和范围正日益突破仅以贸易自由化为主的浅度一体化,向包括投资政策等更广泛政策的深度一体化发展。区域经济一体化发展对区域内国际直接投资(FDI)的流入是否产生了预期的促进效应,这种效应的发生又与哪些因素密切相关?从跨国公司的投资动机出发,对欧盟1996-2006年面板数据的分析发现,区域经济一体化发展对FDI流入有显著促进作用,成员国的经济发展水平、服务业发展水平等经济初始禀赋条件对投资效应有显著影响。我国在制定参与区域经济合作的相关措施时可以从中得到一些有益的启示。     

西藏农牧区开展集市贸易的思考——以山南地区扎囊县为例

随着30年的改革开放,西藏农牧区经济社会得到了极大的发展,但相对于内地的经济发展水平,西藏农牧区还是中国最落后的地区之一.本文通过对集市概念的归纳和对西藏集市的现状、问题分析,研究开展集市贸易对西藏农牧区经济社会发展的有利影响,探讨西藏扎囊县开展集市贸易的条件和开展集市贸易的措施.     

孟子、荀子人性论之比较

人性论是关于人的自觉存在的理论形式,是对人本身的哲学认识。属于哲学形而上,人性论在中国传统哲学中具有重要的地位。人性善恶问题则是先秦哲学讨论的一个焦点。中国古代提出了许多关于人性论的观点,如孟子的性善说,荀子的性恶说,董仲舒的性三品说,杨雄的性善恶混论。通过对孟、苟人性论的剖析,认识中国古代人性学上所达到的理论深度。     

Estimation of a relative potency of two preparations with correlated responses

Estimation of a relative potency of two preparations in so-called parallel-line assays is presented. A special type of incomplete Latin square designs where doses of preparations are administered is considered. Testing hypotheses about similarity of preparations and their relative potency in the case of correlated observations are regarded. Confidence interval for the relative potency of preparations is also given. Theoretical considerations are applied to point and interval estimation of potencies of new tuberculins with respect to some international standards tested in experiments on guinea-pigs.     

Regular A-optimal design matrices X = (xij) with xij = ?1, 0, 1

New construction methods of the regular A-optimal design matrices with elements −1, 0, 1 are presented, under assumption of nonhomogeneity of variance error. The presented constructions are based on the incidence matrices of the balanced bipartite weighing designs.     

Modified inference about the mean of the exponential distribution using moving extreme ranked set sampling

The maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and the likelihood ratio test (LRT) will be considered for making inference about the scale parameter of the exponential distribution in case of moving extreme ranked set sampling (MERSS). The MLE and LRT can not be written in closed form. Therefore, a modification of the MLE using the technique suggested by Maharota and Nanda (Biometrika 61:601–606, 1974) will be considered and this modified estimator will be used to modify the LRT to get a test in closed form for testing a simple hypothesis against one sided alternatives. The same idea will be used to modify the most powerful test (MPT) for testing a simple hypothesis versus a simple hypothesis to get a test in closed form for testing a simple hypothesis against one sided alternatives. Then it appears that the modified estimator is a good competitor of the MLE and the modified tests are good competitors of the LRT using MERSS and simple random sampling (SRS).     

Consistency of minimizing a penalized density power divergence estimator for mixing distribution

In this paper, we study the MDPDE (minimizing a density power divergence estimator), proposed by Basu et al. (Biometrika 85:549–559, 1998), for mixing distributions whose component densities are members of some known parametric family. As with the ordinary MDPDE, we also consider a penalized version of the estimator, and show that they are consistent in the sense of weak convergence. A simulation result is provided to illustrate the robustness. Finally, we apply the penalized method to analyzing the red blood cell SLC data presented in Roeder (J Am Stat Assoc 89:487–495, 1994). This research was supported (in part) by KOSEF through Statistical Research Center for Complex Systems at Seoul National University.     

A note on the equality of the OLSE and the BLUE of the parametric function in the general Gauss–Markov model

In this note we consider the equality of the ordinary least squares estimator (OLSE) and the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) of the estimable parametric function in the general Gauss–Markov model. Especially we consider the structures of the covariance matrix V for which the OLSE equals the BLUE. Our results are based on the properties of a particular reparametrized version of the original Gauss–Markov model.