Demographic Differentials and Demographic Integration of Turkish and Kurdish Populations in Turkey

The objectives of the study are threefold: (1) to provide estimates of the total populations and spatial distributions of different language groups in Turkey, (2) to test whether the commonly held belief that Turkish-speaking and Kurdish-speaking populations are “actors” of different demographic regimes is true, and (3) to assess whether a process of integration, in the form of intermarriage of Turks and Kurds is under way in Turkey. Data come mainly from the 2003 Turkish Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS-2003). Based on the assumption that the mother tongue composition of women is also representative of that of the whole population, the results of the TDHS-2003 imply that of the population of Turkey, 83% are Turkish-speaking, 14% are Kurdish-speaking, 2% are Arabic-speaking and the remaining 1% belong to other language groups. Results show that despite intensive internal migration movements in the last 50 years, strong demographic differentials exist between Turkish and Kurdish-speaking populations, and that the convergence of the two groups does not appear to be a process under way. Turks and Kurds do indeed appear to be actors of different demographic regimes, at different stages of demographic and health transition processes.     

Social vulnerability and migration in the wake of disaster: the case of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita

This study explores the relationship between place-based social vulnerability and post-disaster migration in the U.S. Gulf Coast region following Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Using county-level data from the U.S. Census Bureau, we develop a regional index of social vulnerability and examine how its various dimensions are related to migration patterns in the wake of the storms. Our results show that places characterized by greater proportions of disadvantaged populations, housing damage, and, to a lesser degree, more densely built environments were significantly more likely to experience outmigration following the hurricanes. Our results also show that these relationships were not spatially random, but rather exhibited significant geographic clustering. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for future research and public policy.     

The Influence of Acculturation on Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration for Mexican-Americans

This paper uses data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study to test the hypotheses that (1) similar to other positive pre- and post-natal outcomes, Mexican immigrant mothers are more likely to breastfeed, and to breastfeed longer, than white or Mexican-American mothers; and (2) acculturation accounts for the ethnic/nativity differential in breastfeeding initiation and duration. The results support both hypotheses. Mexican immigrants to the U.S. are much more likely than whites to breastfeed, and to breastfeed longer. Mexican-American mothers, after controlling for background characteristics, have similar initiation and duration to whites. Using expanded acculturation measures developed for this paper, acculturation accounts for some of the difference between whites and Mexican immigrants in breastfeeding initiation, and much of the difference for breastfeeding duration. The results suggest that low levels of acculturation operate to protect Mexican immigrants from choosing to formula-feed, which gives their babies many health advantages, and may be associated with better health outcomes across the life course. The results also suggest that successive generations of Mexican immigrants may abandon breastfeeding, which is deleterious for their infants.     

Ethnic Classification in Global Perspective: A Cross-National Survey of the 2000 Census Round

Academic interest in official systems of racial and ethnic classification has grown in recent years, but most research on such census categories has been limited to small case studies or regional surveys. In contrast, this article analyzes a uniquely global data set compiled by the United Nations Statistical Division to survey the approaches to ethnic enumeration taken in 141 countries. The motives for this analysis combine theoretical, applied, and policy objectives. I find that 63% of the national censuses studied incorporate some form of ethnic enumeration, but their question and answer formats vary along several dimensions that betray diverse conceptualizations of ethnicity (for example, as “race” or “nationality”). Moreover, these formats follow notably regional patterns. Nonetheless, the variety of approaches can be grouped into a basic taxonomy of ethnic classification approaches, suggesting greater commonality in worldwide manifestations of the ethnicity concept than some have recognized.

Providing Spatial Data for Secondary Analysis: Issues and Current Practices Relating to Confidentiality

Spatially explicit data pose a series of opportunities and challenges for all the actors involved in providing data for long-term preservation and secondary analysis—the data producer, the data archive, and the data user. We report on opportunities and challenges for each of the three players, and then turn to a summary of current thinking about how best to prepare, archive, disseminate, and make use of social science data that have spatially explicit identification. The core issue that runs through the paper is the risk of the disclosure of the identity of respondents. If we know where they live, where they work, or where they own property, it is possible to find out who they are. Those involved in collecting, archiving, and using data need to be aware of the risks of disclosure and become familiar with best practices to avoid disclosures that will be harmful to respondents.

汉译佛经中的偈颂与赞颂简要辨析

汉译佛经中有许多诗颂(诗偈),有的属于重颂,有的属于讽颂,有的属于赞颂,很容易被混淆.本文对这些概念进行了初步辨析,着重突出佛教赞颂诗与其他诗体的差异.     

基于平衡计分卡与模糊数学的知识管理绩效评价研究

知识管理绩效评价是知识管理的必备环节,本文在总结国内外企业绩效和知识管理绩效评价研究文献的基础上,提出基于平衡计分卡与模糊数学的知识管理绩效评价模型,对企业知识管理绩效进行评价。     

严重精神障碍住院患者糖尿病患病情况及干预策略

我国对严重精神障碍管理取得了瞩目成就,但鲜有严重精神障碍合并糖尿病风险关注的研究报告。国外研究表明,糖尿病风险在严重精神障碍患者中增加的比例最高,对这部分人群的血糖控制已成为新的工作和研究方向。研究发现,南京市江宁区第二人民医院住院的严重精神障碍患者中,糖尿病检出率为20.1%,精神疾病类型、年龄、病程、性别、婚姻状况等是共患糖尿病的重要因素。呼吁应尽快开展住院精神疾病患者的糖尿病筛查,探析可能的影响因素, 并及时开展循证研究,关注患者情绪,提高其运动水平,以控制血糖,降低糖尿病患病风险。     

渴求新知与崇尚传统——李叔同"学堂乐歌"创作的文化取向及其意义

李叔同的“学堂乐歌”创作是一种“别求新声”的现代追求;是一种不失传统的现代创新。他要借助西方的美学情调,推崇中国的精神内核。他的歌词创作未完成文学语言由古代韵文向现代白话的彻底转变,但从形式上打破了旧韵文的传统格局,而且创造性地运用了古代词牌长短句的特点,在形式上又发展了现代长短句歌词的新品种,并依照西洋乐曲形成了自己崭新的结构。他在用西方音乐形式与“本国语言”向人们诉说最深沉的感情的同时,也展示了“学堂乐歌”民族性与现代性相融合的特征。     

文化产业可持续发展指标体系的探讨

文化产业的可持续发展有"发展度"、"协调度"、"持续度"三个"基本维度"。据此,可以设计这三个"基本维度"作为一级评价指标或子系统,各一级评价指标的下层可再设立若干个二级评价指标。文化产业可持续发展指标体系的建立,可为政府把握文化产业发展现状,对文化产业发展进行及时的分析和监测,制定符合市场规律和文化发展规律的政策措施,引导文化产业的可持续发展,具有重要的参考作用和实用价值。