文化变迁与长白山人口文化建设

人口文化是社会文化体系的一部分,在我国加快建设社会主义文化,构筑社会主义核心价值体系的背景下,吉林省人口计生委提出打造长白山人口文化品牌,这是贯彻落实党的十七届六中全会精神的一个重要举措,是适应新形势、探索人口计划生育宣传教育工作的一个重点工程。从文化变迁理论出发,分析长白山人口文化的历史渊源和地域特点,探讨建设长白山人口文化的主要路径。     

Bringing About Changes to Corporate Social Policy through Shareholder Activism: Filers,Issues, Targets,and Success

We examine shareholder initiated social policy proposals' capacity to exert pressure on management to force it to adopt the suggested changes in policy. We show that social proposals, filed under the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's Rule 14a‐8, have a more limited capacity to change corporate social policy than it has been previously reported. However, the capacity to exert pressure on firms can be substantially higher for some types of filers, notably pension funds and mutual funds. The analysis also suggests that the capacity to influence management is higher for some types of issues presented in the resolution, such as those related to board diversity, energy and environment, and international laborand human rights. We also provide suggestions explaining why shareholder activism is a persistent practice despite its limited results.     

Does Ownership Form Matter for Corporate Social Responsibility? A Longitudinal Comparison of Environmental Performance between Public,Private, and Joint‐venture Firms

This study examines whether a firm's ownership form has any influence on its social performance. Conventional wisdom suggests that public (publicly traded) corporations are more susceptible to corruption and socially irresponsible behavior than privately owned corporations because of the intense short‐term profit maximization pressure from shareholders and the lack of sufficient monitoring mechanisms. This study introduces an alternate perspective in thinking about the relationship between ownership form and corporate social responsibility. This study reasons that public corporations are more likely to become socially responsible because of their greater exposure to external influence and greater dependence on external actors with diverse interests. Using a panel data on the pollution management practices of 118 industrial facilities over a 13‐year period, this study shows that public corporations were indeed subject to greater external pressure to reduce pollution, and the pressure led to consistently stronger environmental performance.     

论出口商品的品牌命名

文章通过分析我国出口商品的品牌名称出现的问题,提出了出口商品品牌命名的注意事项及出口商品品牌命名必须考虑的原则,最后指出了出口商品品牌命名的实际可行的方法,以供相关部门参考。     

The Microeconomics of Efficient Group Behavior: Identification1

Consider a group consisting of S members facing a common budget constraint p'ξ=1: any demand vector belonging to the budget set can be (privately or publicly) consumed by the members. Although the intragroup decision process is not known, it is assumed to generate Pareto‐efficient outcomes; neither individual consumptions nor intragroup transfers are observable. The paper analyzes when, to what extent, and under which conditions it is possible to recover the underlying structure—individual preferences and the decision process—from the group's aggregate behavior. We show that the general version of the model is not identified. However, a simple exclusion assumption (whereby each member does not consume at least one good) is sufficient to guarantee generic identifiability of the welfare‐relevant structural concepts.     

THE ORGANIZATION OF THE INNOVATION INDUSTRY: ENTREPRENEURS,VENTURE CAPITALISTS,AND OLIGOPOLISTS

We construct a model where incumbents can either acquire basic innovations from entrepreneurs, or wait and acquire developed innovations from entrepreneurial firms supported by venture capitalists. We show that venture‐backed entrepreneurial firms have an incentive to overinvest in development vis à vis incumbents due to strategic product market effects on the sales price of a developed innovation. This will trigger preemptive acquisitions by incumbents, thus increasing the reward for entrepreneurial innovations. We also show that venture capital can emerge in equilibrium if venture capitalists have cost advantages, or if development is associated with double moral hazard problems. (JEL: G24, L1, L2, M13, O3)     

LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY AND REDISTRIBUTION

This paper investigates the effect of linguistic diversity on redistribution in a broad cross‐section of countries. We use the notion of “linguistic distances” and show that the commonly used fractionalization index, which ignores linguistic distances, yields insignificant results. However, once distances between languages are accounted for, linguistic diversity has both a statistically and economically significant effect on redistribution. With an average level of redistribution of 9.5% of GDP in our data set, an increase byone standard deviation in the degree of diversity lowers redistribution by approximately one percentage point. We also demonstrate that other measures, such as polarization and peripheral heterogeneity, provide similar results when linguistic distances are incorporated. (JEL: D6, D74, H5, Z10)     

上升敲出期权定价模型的求解方法研究

本文首先阐述了一种新型期权——上升敲出期权的涵义及其模型,提出了一种新的格法对其求解;然后推广到对双重障碍期权的求解;最后给出了实例分析和实证分析,验证了这种新的格法的有效性与快速收敛性。     

免费提供预装软件的侵权责任研究

由于软件著作权的特殊性,采用"填平原则"来确定损害赔偿额不足以达到惩戒作用,因此我们需要在著作权体系下引入惩罚性赔偿原则;此外,应当对权利人的间接损失单独进行规定,并赋予权利人选择确定损害赔偿数额方法的权利,公正全面地保护权利人的利益。与此同时,不能无限扩大著作权的保护范围,权利人原则上不能追究软件最终用户的侵权责任,但在最终用户将侵权软件用作商业用途的情形下除外。     

关于中国特色社会主义“特色”问题理解

中国特色社会主义理论的提出和实践,使得我国的社会主义已经不再仅仅局限于经典社会主义的范畴,而是拥有自己"特色"的社会主义,这种社会主义更加切合当今中国实际。因此,为了更好地坚持中国特色社会主义道路以利于中国向更高的社会主义发展,需要从理论上弄清:中国特色社会主义"特色"的涵义,中国特色社会主义"特色"的依据,中国特色社会主义应注意的实践问题。