Species richness,phylogenetic and functional structure of bird communities in Chinese university campuses are associated with divergent variables

University campus is an important component of urban landscapes for biodiversity conservation. However, to our knowledge no study has quantitatively assessed the diversity and structure of bird communities in Chinese university campuses, especially from phylogenetic and functional perspectives. Here, for the first time we linked species richness, phylogenetic structure and body mass structure of campus bird communities with contemporary climate, glacial-interglacial climate change, altitudinal range, population density around campus, area and age of campus to test their associations. We found 393 bird species in 38 university campuses (29% of all Chinese bird species, two species are endangered, four species are vulnerable, and 33 species are near threatened). The variables significantly correlated with campus bird species richness, phylogenetic structure and body mass structure were altitudinal range and mean annual precipitation, glacial-interglacial anomaly in temperature, and altitudinal range, respectively. In particular, there were more species in steeper and wetter campuses, more young species clustered in campuses with stable glacial-interglacial climate, and more species with smaller body size in steeper campuses. Our study highlights the importance of considering both phylogenetic and functional information for biodiversity conservation in urban ecosystems.     

传统民居色彩研究

针对传统民居色彩进行专项研究,试图通过一新的层面,即以民居色彩为一个整体效应来分析其形成因素和特征.依托四季色彩理论、色彩学、色彩地理学等相关学科,提出了色彩群理念,辨析了色彩群的内涵以及外延;并以不同的观察状态分析不同地域传统民居色彩群的特质.     

陆游"尚意"的书法艺术及其传世作品

世人皆知陆游是我国南宋时期伟大的爱国诗人,很少有人知道他还是宋代杰出的书法家.本文以当时的书法时代风格为背景,对陆游的生活经历、艺术成就及传世作品进行简要评述,并以此为依据提出陆游书法创作的分期问题.     

广州定位国家中心城市及拓展战略腹地的构想

本文对广州被定位为“国家中心城市”应具备的功能进行了分析，指出要有能影响全国的综合实力和足够的发展空间，即腹地资源。后者恰是广州发挥中心城市功能作用存在的“软肋”。文章提出借广州“国家中心城市”新定位的契机，深化广州与泛珠三角的区域合作，拓展八大战略腹地，把广州“建成面向世界、服务全国的国际大都市”。     

中外主要中心城市更新演化比较研究

广州要建设国家中心城市，其特点和目标是什么？本文从西方近现代城市所倡导的城市更新运动为出发点，分析建设中心城市面临的社会问题，以期为我们提供经验与启迪。     

信任的构建与选择——基于私人借钱行为的考量

关系与制度是影响信任构建的两大因素。本文通过对私人间借钱行为的考量，来探讨这两者在信任中的具体构建情况。通过分析发现，人情、面子等因素是制约制度信任选择的主要因素。我国的信任构建应该摒弃情面观，由特殊的关系信任向普遍的制度信任转化。     

多层次股票市场的国际比较与借鉴

本文在简要分析我国多层次股票市场建设现状的基础上,分别对比研究了美国、日本多层次股票市场的发展历史、结构现状及各层次市场的准入标准.本着借鉴国际经验和紧密结合国情的原则,提出了以沪深两个交易所各有侧重、协调发展为前提,逐步建立完善包括高标准优选市场、创业板市场和代办转让市场在内的多层次股票市场体系的具体建议.     

我国志愿服务保障机制法治化的现状及发展趋势

志愿服务保障机制是指为保障志愿服务活动的顺利开展和有序进行而采取的一系列手段、措施和方法。志愿服务保障机制可以归结为管理机制、注册机制、招募机制、培训机制、评估机制、权益保障机制、经费保障机制、激励机制、责任机制九类。随着我国志愿服务事业的发展和法治社会构建进程的推进，我国的志愿服务的法治化体系也正在形成之中。     

Analyzing the Homeland Security of the U.S.-Mexico Border

We develop a mathematical optimization model at the intersection of homeland security and immigration, that chooses various immigration enforcement decision variables to minimize the probability that a terrorist can successfully enter the United States across the U.S.-Mexico border. Included are a discrete choice model for the probability that a potential alien crosser will attempt to cross the U.S.-Mexico border in terms of the likelihood of success and the U.S. wage for illegal workers, a spatial model that calculates the apprehension probability as a function of the number of crossers, the number of border patrol agents, and the amount of surveillance technology on the border, a queueing model that determines the probability that an apprehended alien will be detained and removed as a function of the number of detention beds, and an equilibrium model for the illegal wage that balances the supply and demand for work and incorporates the impact of worksite enforcement. Our main result is that detention beds are the current system bottleneck (even after the large reduction in detention residence times recently achieved by expedited removal), and increases in border patrol staffing or surveillance technology would not provide any improvements without a large increase in detention capacity. Our model also predicts that surveillance technology is more cost effective than border patrol agents, which in turn are more cost effective than worksite inspectors, but these results are not robust due to the difficulty of predicting human behavior from existing data. Overall, the probability that a terrorist can successfully enter the United States is very high, and it would be extremely costly and difficult to significantly reduce it. We also investigate the alternative objective function of minimizing the flow of illegal aliens across the U.S.-Mexico border, and obtain qualitatively similar results.