Elderly chinese and their family caregivers' perceptions of good care: a qualitative study in shandong, china

This study aims to understand what older Chinese people with chronic illness and their family caregivers perceive to be good care, and to compare perspectives of those living in rural and urban areas. We conducted semistructured interviews with 24 care recipients and 23 caregivers in Shandong, China. Two major themes were identified: (a) filial piety as the standard, and (b) modifying cultural ideals to meet reality. There was overall consistency in perceptions of study participants. Variations between rural and urban elders' perceptions appear to reflect differences in socioeconomic development and institutional structures.     

论研究生创新能力的培养

研究生创新能力的培养受多种条件与因素的制约,但教育条件、教师因素,尤其是研究生导师所起的引领、规范作用则是至关重要的。在研究生创新能力培养的过程中,研究生导师应遵循《国家中长期教育改革与发展规划纲要》精神,把确立科学的创新人才培养理念作为培养研究生创新能力的基础和前提,把严格规范的科研训练作为培养创新型人才的实践路径,真正担当起培养创新型研究生人才的重要使命,发挥其在创新型研究生人才培养中的引领、规范作用,这是实现创新型研究生人才培养的基础和前提,是实现创新型研究生人才培养的必然路径选择。     

保险需求悖论的解释——来自中国汽车险市场的实证研究

经典的保险需求模型认为绝对风险规避系数递减时保险是一个劣质品,也就是说保险需求会随着财富水平的上升而下降,但这一结论与许多现实的保险行为不符。本文从损失和财富的关系角度出发对经典模型进行了扩展,讨论了在损失随财富变化时的保险需求变化,对保险需求的悖论进行了解释。论文还采用国内汽车险市场的微观数据对拓展模型进行了实证研究,结果显示车险投保人的个人财富与其所选择的保险金额、投保比率以及索赔金额之间存在着显著的正相关关系,检验表明模型的假设和结论具有很好的解释现实的能力。     

中国城乡多维贫困的测度及比较

传统的仅用收入或消费来衡量贫困的方法只能提供单一的信息,从多维角度则能够较全面地认识贫困。本文利用CHNS数据库中2000年和2009年数据,借鉴了多维贫困指数的构造及分解方法,对近十年来中国城乡多维贫困进行了测度、分解及分析,认为总体上城乡贫困程度均有所减轻,农村贫困严重于城市,应重视医疗健康保险、卫生设施、城市住房、做饭燃料等维度上的贫困,同时降低中西部省份的贫困。     

亲密关系伴侣在冲突中的行为及其归因

为了研究不同类型、不同性别的亲密关系伴侣在冲突中的行为及其归因,84对恋爱关系伴侣和80对已婚伴侣完成了关系满意度量表和冲突中的行为反应及归因问卷。结果显示,不同性别的亲密关系伴侣在冲突中的行为反应存在显著差异;已婚夫妻比恋爱关系伴侣之间在冲突中的行为和原因归因上存在更多差异。冲突的解决和避免应考虑这些差异。     

高等农业院校经济类应用数学课程改革的研究

随着时代的进步,社会的发展,特别是在21世纪初我国整体经济环境迅速变化,改革逐渐深入的新形势下,数学已经在经济领域中得到越来越广泛和深入的应用,然而,高等农业院校的经济数学课程面临诸多问题,不能适应当前的需求,使得经济数学的改革势在必行,必须通过对教育模式以及教材方面的改革而达到理想的效果。     

Local linear kernel estimation for discontinuous nonparametric regression functions

In this paper, we consider using a local linear (LL) smoothing method to estimate a class of discontinuous regression functions. We establish the asymptotic normality of the integrated square error (ISE) of a LL-type estimator and show that the ISE has an asymptotic rate of convergence as good as for smooth functions, and the asymptotic rate of convergence of the ISE of the LL estimator is better than that of the Nadaraya-Watson (NW) and the Gasser-Miiller (GM) estimators.     

Asymptotic Properties of Random Weighted Empirical Distribution Function

This article studies the asymptotic properties of the random weighted empirical distribution function of independent random variables. Suppose X₁, X₂, ???, X_n is a sequence of independent random variables, and this sequence is not required to be identically distributed. Denote the empirical distribution function of the sequence by F_n(x). Based on the random weighting method and F_n(x), the random weighted empirical distribution function H_n(x) is constructed and the asymptotic properties of H_n are discussed. Under weak conditions, the Glivenko–Cantelli theorem and the central limit theorem for the random weighted empirical distribution function are obtained. The obtained results have also been applied to study the distribution functions of random errors of multiple sensors.     

Linearized Ridge Regression Estimator Under the Mean Squared Error Criterion in a Linear Regression Model

This article mainly aims to study the superiority of the notion of linearized ridge regression estimator (LRRE) under the mean squared error criterion in a linear regression model. Firstly, we derive uniform lower bound of MSE for the class of the generalized shrinkage estimator (GSE), based on which it is shown that the optimal LRRE is the best estimator in the class of GSE's. Secondly, we propose the notion of the almost unbiased completeness and show that LRRE possesses such a property. Thirdly, the simulation study is given, from which it indicates that the LRRE performs desirably. Finally, the main results are applied to the well known Hald data.     

对传统武术审美之“和谐”特征的阐释

武术之美是东方的古老文明之美的缩影。中国武术具有丰富多彩的“美学”思想和价值,在内容和结构上都倾注了极为浓厚的中国传统文化的审美文化意识。文章通过文献资料、逻辑分析的方法对传统武术的审美特征中的和谐美、形神美进行研究,目的是为弘扬武术文化,更好、更快地推动武术的发展提供有力的依据。