Mitigating the political participation gap from the school: the roles of civic knowledge and classroom climate

Empirical evidence has consistently shown that political participation is positively related with socioeconomic background. Furthermore, recent research suggests that children who come from low status families are already less willing to get politically involved. The present paper aims to analyze the possible impact that schools can have in mitigating the effect of parents' socioeconomic status on students' expected electoral participation, focusing on two variables: civic knowledge and classroom climate. The analyses are based on a series of multilevel models using Chilean data of the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2009. The results support the influence of students' socioeconomic background on expected electoral participation. Furthermore, civic knowledge and classroom climate show a positive and similar influence on students' expected participation. However, classroom climate appears less affected by students' background than civic knowledge, opening the discussion about which strategy should be emphasized when aiming to mitigate the political participation gap.     

Life histories as counter-narratives against dominant and negative stereotypes about people with intellectual disabilities

The history of intellectual disabilities is largely a story of discrimination and social exclusion portraying people with intellectual disability as abnormal and inferior. This article describes a particular methodological approach to inclusive life history research with a small group of women with intellectual disabilities in Iceland. The article documents how, through a four-year collaborative research process, the life histories became counter-narratives to dominant historical beliefs and stereotypes. In addition to the personal empowerment of the women and the construction of a collective memory, this project has also resulted in public sharing of their stories through speaking up and giving presentations, and thus potentially also changing the historical memory.     

Motivational factors and physician advice for physical activity in older urban adults

This study aimed to ascertain by means of a new scale older adults' motives for engaging in physical activity, in a probability and representative sample of an older urban population. The sample size was 630 older adults, ranging from 65 to 94 years in age, randomly selected using multistage sampling. The participants completed a 17-item questionnaire, as well as answering questions on demographic variables, type of demand for physical activity, and physician's recommendation. A principal-component analysis was performed. The relationships among the four factors (physical health, social relationships, competence, and physician's advice) show a clearly motivational structure. Significant relationships have also been found between physician's recommendation and type of demand. The findings suggest that programs promoting physical activity in older adults should have different characteristics from those aimed at general adult populations.     

A tale of four cities: the boundaries of blackness for Ethiopian immigrants in Washington,DC, Tel Aviv,Rome, and Melbourne

ABSTRACT

Scholars increasingly view urban areas as fragmented spaces where migrants are policed in ways that promote differential access to mobility, but the glocal meanings of race are often undertheorized. This paper explores the mobility experiences of Ethiopian migrants in four cities: Washington, DC, Tel Aviv, Rome, and Melbourne. Using a textual analysis of newspaper coverage in each city, the analysis finds that media and police often act as agents who racialize Ethiopian migrants relative to native minorities and other migrants. The paper concludes that the experiences Ethiopian immigrants faced in urban areas were informed by glocal meanings of race (blackness); they were shaped in relation to not only other migrants and native minorities, but also a globalized discourse on immigration.     

固定电机驱动的平面关节型机器人无参数运动学标定

针对传统平面关节型机器人（简称SCARA）运动臂质量大的缺点,设计一种固定电机驱动的SCARA。为提高其 精度用无参数化标定的方法进行运动学标定,根据D-H方法,在空间坐标转换的基础上建立了该SCARA的数学模型, 得到杆件间相对位置关系;通过外部测量设备测出末端执行器的位姿,利用运动学正逆解解出实际位姿与理论位姿之间 驱动输入的差值,补偿到理论的输入中,得到补偿后的动平台位姿。通过计算机仿真表明该标定方法能极大提高末端执 行器的位置精度,证明了无参数化标定方法的有效性和可靠性。     

论教育见习的目标取向与目标研制

我国学界近30年来对教育见习的研究不仅数量严重不足,而且有效性特别差,普遍缺乏目标责任意识。通过教育部示范项目“基于职业胜任取向的整合式师范生教育见习实习模式”的实施探索和文献研究,对于如何研制教育见习目标这一问题,提出了职业胜任取向,讨论了影响见习目标研制的八个因素,形成了基于职业胜任取向的教育见习目标样例,以期全面提高见习目标的针对性和实效性。     

多媒体技术与现代医学教学

分析医学教育开展多媒体教学的必要性 ,结合计算机多媒体技术在医学教学中的运用 ,探讨其具体教学方法以及其在教学中的发展方向