河南省劳动学会企业工作委员会第二次扩大会议综述

河南省劳动学会企业工作委员会第二次扩大会议综述王熹天张启生１９９７年６月２３日至２６日，河南省劳动学会企业工作委员会第二次扩大会议在平顶山姚孟发电有限责任公司举行，来自全省各地的６０多名代表参加了会议．会议采取企业界、学术界与劳动行政部门领导同志“三...     

浅议克林顿政府的亚太战略

冷战后美国亚太利益结构发生了重大变化：一是安全利益份量相对减轻，利益结构重心偏向经济利益；二是经济利益、政治利益与安全利益交叉渗透，它们之间的界限日益模糊；三是与冷战时期相比，在亚太地区扩展美式“民主”与“自由”成为美国亚太利益中更加重要的组成部分。克林顿政府根据变化了的亚太战略形势及自身利益结构，形成了新的亚太战略：调整大国关系，防止地区内出现能对美国利益构成威胁的敌对国家或国家集团；以双边关系为主，多边关系为辅，构筑美国在亚太地区经济政治秩序；保持前沿军事存在的规模，加强美军在亚太地区的活动，以防止可能发生的危机，并作为确保美国亚太利益的支撑点；防止大规模毁灭性武器的扩散     

四川少数民族村寨旅游扶贫模式转变研究

In 2012 , State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission of the People’ s Republic of China( hereaf-ter SEAC ) announced an outline concerning the protection and development of‘ethnic minority vil-lages with special characteristics ’ . The develop-ment of such villages is one of the important tasks of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission:this devel-opment aims to foster the conservation of ethnic culture and to accelerate the development of the ethnic areas in which these villages lie. On Sep-tember 23 , 2014 , the State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission announced guanyu minming shoupi zhong-guo shaoshu minzu tese chunzhai de tongzhi ( No-tice on the Naming of the First Group of China ’ s Ethnic Minority Villages with Special Characteris-tics):340 villages in total were inscribed into the list of this so-called ‘First Batch ’ , among which four villages of Sichuan province were included:( i) Jiefang village of Haqu in Leshan, ( ii) Mutuo Village of Maoxian in Aba, ( iii) Shangmo Village of Songfan in Aba, and ( iv) Guza Village of Seda in Ganzi. With the support of the so-called‘Poverty Al-leviation Policy’ , tourism in ethnic minority villa-ges has been booming; however, this has also re-sulted in a new series of related problems that need to be addressed. Tourism development obviously had reduced regional poverty. Since the 1980s, the promotion of economic development through tourism in the ethnic areas ( with a corresponding improvement of people ’ s living conditions ) has been widely accepted by society. Also in the prov-ince of Sichuan the ‘poverty alleviation through tourism’ policy has led to economic growth and has reduced the poverty of the people in the ethnic mi-nority areas. From 2011 to 2014, the SEAC has invested 57. 8 million Yuan in the development of ethnic minority villages in Sichuan province. This has led to the implementation of 73 projects and has benefited around 100,000 people, 7 indige-nous ethnic groups, and 11 prefectures and munic-ipalities in Sichuan. It seems that this‘poverty al-leviation through tourism ’ ( hereafter PATT ) has resulted in good economic and social effects. Ethnic minority villages in Sichuan share sim-ilar challenges: ( i) a low level of production and productivity,economic backwardness, simplistic e-conomic infrastructure, cultural narrow-minded-ness, a low level of education and personal devel-opment, and a fragile condition of local nature and cultural surroundings. Moreover, tourism has since deeply altered previous development models for these regions: this has also brought many new problems, like e. g. how to correctly distribute the newly acquired economic benefits and profits, as well as cultural and environmental protection is-sues. Many of these problems seem to be only tran-sitional;however, these challenges do ask for the necessary tweaks of the PATT policies. This article thus tries to review the model of PATT as imple-mented in the ethnic villages of Sichuan. The arti-cle explores its different stages/aspects:( i) adap-tation of goals, ( ii) the changing role of the gov-ernment, ( iii) an evolving profit model for local people, and ( iv ) evolving local talent discovery and activation. The first aspect of PATT is the change of the development goals. At first, the priority is to get rid of poverty through tourism. To initially boost local tourism, the government must make major in-vestments: enhancement of the basic infrastruc-ture, creation of a touristic brand and initial adver-tising for the ethnic villages. However, when the PATT has been effectively implemented, and reached a mature stage of development, i. e. the village has become relatively popular and annual numbers of tourists have reached a stable good lev-el, the goals must be adapted: economic develop-ment should change to sustainable development. The new goals would be a combination of local tourism and local related industries, such as handi-craft products, catering and other hospitality busi-nesses etc. When all of this takes place, the eth-nic villages and areas seem to be able to arrive at a green and sustainable development path. The second stage is the change of the role of government. As said, in the beginning large in-vestments in infrastructure, tourism marketing and publicity are needed. In this start-up stage, the village needs quite a lot of human and material re-sources. Without the financial and human aid of the government, it’ s very hard to change a local ethnic minority village into a tourist destination. Hence, the government should play a supportive role during the initial stages of tourism develop-ment, while taking the local villagers ’ will and ethnic culture into consideration: the government should consult with the villagers and encourage the villagers’ participation in the whole development process. When indeed the PATT reaches a mature phase, the local people can take over. By then the locals have gained much experience;their attitudes and business skills have sufficiently improved so the government can take a step back, leaving the villagers to further develop the villages by them-selves. The third aspect is an ‘evolving profit model for local people ’ . During the initial stages of PATT, it’ s all about developing basic tourism pro-jects: at this moment, the main profit models for businesses rely on ( a) ethnic culture projects with distinct characteristics, ( b ) establishing high quality modes of the tourists route, and ( c) pro-moting the unique name and fame of the villages. However, when PATT reaches a mature stage, the villagers themselves must further develop and maintain their unique brand and fame. As said, the government takes a step back while local peo-ple are to develop new related sustainable profit models. The fourth issue is the further evolution of‘local talent discovery and activation ’ or‘talent mechanisms’ . Before the initial stages of PATT in Sichuan, the local villagers of the ethnic minorities had been engaged in traditional agriculture for many years;hence it was difficult for them to tran-sition into modern industries such as tourism and hospitality. Moreover, there were very few locals who had any knowledge of this tourism/hospitality industry. E. g. only some elderly people conducted simplistic tour guide practices for tourists: they were unable to provide any in-depth explanations of the traditional ethnic customs and culture due to language barriers. Thus, outsiders ( including gov-ernment staff and tourism professionals ) had to come in and provide advanced concepts, methods, and training. More importantly, a new ‘local tal-ent team’ had to discover and activate local people with tourism talents/abilities. This allowed for a genuine local tourism industry to come into exist-ence and further evolve. However, when PATT reaches a mature stage, the government should re-turn the economic benefits back to the local people and give them the dominant right to further self-de-velopment. A newly developed professional middle class will then allow the local people to further de-cide on the future of the ethnic villages. After the initial ‘local talent discovery and activation ’ , a more mature ‘talent mechanism ’ should be formed. Led by the best local talents, people from all circles should be encouraged to take part in the further development of the local villages and areas:this allows for greater stability and continuity, while new talents can develop more. This article has analyzed the implementation and adaptation of PATT in the province of Si-chuan, including the ( i) adaptation of goals, ( ii) the changing role of the government, ( iii) an evol-ving profit model for local people, and ( iv) evol-ving local talent discovery and activation. Howev-er, the development of ethnic minority villages still seems to face many difficulties and challenges, and need to be studied and discussed more.     

论石油存续企业的结构调整与优化改革的总体思路

石油存续企业的结构调整与优化，是当前石油企业深化改革的难点和重点问题。石油存续企业改革的核心应在明确定位的基础上，合理确定企业的主营业务与辅营业务，并以此为基础对现有的业务经营单位进行重组，最终对辅业经营单位进行结构调整和整合，实现企业的长期生存和发展。     

对法院调解的再认识

文章在分析法院调解的基本属性的基础上 ,强调指出 ,一定程度上人们对法院调解的认识已陷入误区。认为这是目前影响法院调解立法与实践操作的关键因素。笔者以此为切入点 ,主张对法院调解不可轻易言废 ,进而提出完善建议     

高校国有资产管理激励约束机制探析

高校国有资产作为准公共物品,因其所有权与使用权的分离而导致了管理的困境以及委托代理的激励不相容等问题;要实现高校国有资产的高水平管理与高效使用,关键是要在产权改革和治理结构改革的基础上,构建一套对资产运行中各主体均行之有效的激励约束机制。     

浅析时代背景与舞蹈艺术的关系

特定的文化环境和社会环境形成了特定的时代背景,人们的意识形态、宗教信仰、文化艺术活动等与之特定的时代背景息息相关。不同时期、不同时代、不同背景衍生出不同的文化艺术活动,各个时期的文化艺术活动都有其不同的艺术特征,这是由大时代下的文化背景决定的。舞蹈作为艺术的一种,同样受到不同时代背景的影响,并与其所处的时代背景有着密切的联系。     

机加车间制造执行系统技术研究

本文以典型机加车间为对象开展制造执行系统技术研究。系统分析了某企业机加车间的生产管理现状,建立了系统的功能模型与子系统功能结构,通过多层技术架构与B/S模式设计开发了制造执行系统软件,为数字化生产管理提供有效支持。     

略论《诗经》中的生命伦理意蕴——以“生”为视角

《诗经》中具有丰富的生命伦理意蕴。《诗经》不仅被儒家奉为重要经典,事实上也是整体儒家生命伦理体系得以建构的重要理论渊源和思想基础。《诗经》内蕴着“天道”在“生”的思想,将“天命”赋予“生”之德的内涵,是以天人共“生”的德性内容来诠释“生命”概念的。对人而言,生命之完善及其意义彰显即在于体悟和践行“生”之道,以“生德”涵养自身,这也是生命健康的根本保证。在现实的层面,《诗经》基于人的真实性情来突显生命的本真状态,并以“中和”之品格提示我们完善生命的根本方式,《诗经》以特有的方式提示我们,养生的根本在于德性的修养。这些思想对于我们处理现代生命伦理问题具有重要的启示意义。     

最后一声铜锣

绝望有时是另一个转机有两位年轻人从乡下来到城市,历经奋斗,终于赚了很多钱。后来年纪大了,就决定回乡下安享晚年,在他们回乡的小径上,碰到了一位白衣老者,这位老者手上拿着一面铜锣,在那里等他们。老先生说:我是专门帮人敲最后一声铜锣的人,你们两个都只剩下三天的生命,到第三天黄昏的时候,我会拿着铜锣到你们