Path cooperative games

Cooperative games provide an appropriate framework for fair and stable profit distribution in multiagent systems. In this paper, we study the algorithmic issues on path cooperative games that arise from the situations where some commodity flows through a network. In these games, a coalition of edges or vertices is successful if they establish a path from the source to the sink in the network, and lose otherwise. Based on dual theory of linear programming and the relationship with flow games, we provide the characterizations on the core, CS-core, least-core and nucleolus of path cooperative games, which implies all of these solution concepts are polynomial-time solvable for path cooperative games.     

知识型团队动态能力构建、团队体系模型与创新运作模式研究

知识型团队是现代组织执行复杂创新任务的重要组织形式.本文从分析知识型团队与知识工作任务的匹配关系入手,在引入知识链及知识链网络等概念的基础上,探讨了基于知识链的知识型团队的动态能力构建机制,分析了围绕知识链网络的知识团队结构体系模型及创新运作机理.     

上市公司总经理更换、高管团队重组与企业绩效改进

本文针对以往总经理更换理论研究存在的关键问题,特别是对高管团队重组现象的忽视,构建了新的理论假设,并利用中国上市公司数据进行了检验.研究发现,总经理被迫离职时企业绩效呈现改进之面貌,但常规离职时无此效应;国有控股阻碍了企业绩效改进而内部董事则反之,且在总经理被迫离职情况下,前者负效应减弱而后者正效应增强;总经理是否为竞争者继任对企业绩效改进无显著影响,而选择外部继任对其有显著负面效应;总经理更换后的高管团队重组总体上不利于企业绩效改进,但受到继任类型的调节作用,在外部继任情形下消极影响尤为明显,而对竞争者继任则具有积极作用.     

Agent‐Based Recovery Model for Seismic Resilience Evaluation of Electrified Communities

In this article, an agent‐based framework to quantify the seismic resilience of an electric power supply system (EPSS) and the community it serves is presented. Within the framework, the loss and restoration of the EPSS power generation and delivery capacity and of the power demand from the served community are used to assess the electric power deficit during the damage absorption and recovery processes. Damage to the components of the EPSS and of the community‐built environment is evaluated using the seismic fragility functions. The restoration of the community electric power demand is evaluated using the seismic recovery functions. However, the postearthquake EPSS recovery process is modeled using an agent‐based model with two agents, the EPSS Operator and the Community Administrator. The resilience of the EPSS–community system is quantified using direct, EPSS‐related, societal, and community‐related indicators. Parametric studies are carried out to quantify the influence of different seismic hazard scenarios, agent characteristics, and power dispatch strategies on the EPSS–community seismic resilience. The use of the agent‐based modeling framework enabled a rational formulation of the postearthquake recovery phase and highlighted the interaction between the EPSS and the community in the recovery process not quantified in resilience models developed to date. Furthermore, it shows that the resilience of different community sectors can be enhanced by different power dispatch strategies. The proposed agent‐based EPSS–community system resilience quantification framework can be used to develop better community and infrastructure system risk governance policies.     

Measuring and Achieving Equity in Multiperiod Emergency Material Allocation

Emergency material allocation is an important part of postdisaster emergency logistics that is significant for improving rescue effectiveness and reducing disaster losses. However, the traditional single‐period allocation model often causes local surpluses or shortages and high cost, and prevents the system from achieving an equitable or optimal multiperiod allocation. To achieve equitable allocation of emergency materials in the case of serious shortages relative to the demand by victims, this article introduces a multiperiod model for allocation of emergency materials to multiple affected locations (using an exponential utility function to reflect the disutility loss due to material shortfalls), and illustrates the relationship between equity of allocations and the cost of emergency response. Finally, numerical examples are presented to demonstrate both the feasibility and the usefulness of the proposed model for achieving multiperiod equitable allocation of emergency material among multiple disaster locations. The results indicate that the introduction of a nonlinear utility function to reflect the disutility of large shortfalls can make the material allocation fairer, and minimize large losses due to shortfalls. We found that achieving equity has a significant but not unreasonable impact on emergency costs. We also illustrate that using differing utility functions for different types of materials adds an important dimension of flexibility.     

知识员工目标取向与知识团队反思对知识活动行为的交互影响研究

知识经济时代,科技型企业对知识型团队与知识型员工的依赖程度越来越高,知识型员工的知识获取与知识分享等知识活动行为越来越受到组织研究者的关注。本文综合运用目标取向理论与团队反思理论,将知识团队反思纳入到知识员工目标取向对知识活动行为影响的研究中,并推导出一个跨层次交互作用模型。通过对116个知识团队(含601个知识员工)样本的调查分析,得出实证研究结果 :知识员工学习取向对知识获取行为与知识分享行为具有显著的正向效应,且团队反思可以显著调节(增强)学习取向对知识分享行为的影响作用;证明取向对知识获取行为的影响效应不显著,但对知识分享行为具有显著的正向效应,而团队反思可以显著调节(增强)证明取向对知识获取行为与知识分享行为的影响作用;回避取向对知识获取行为与知识分享行为均具有显著的负向效应,且团队反思可以显著调节(削弱)回避取向对知识获取行为与知识分享行为的影响作用。最后讨论了研究的管理启示、研究局限及研究展望。     

自我网络特征对电信客户流失的影响

近年来,随着移动通信行业的蓬勃发展,市场饱和度越来越高,企业获取新用户的成本也越来越大。随着中国三大运营商竞争的加剧,产品和服务的同质化程度也越来越高,这使企业在老客户的保留上变得异常困难,客户流失率也在逐年上升,如何识别高风险流失客户并有效防止客户流失已经成为该行业管理者普遍关心的问题之一。 着眼于客户流失影响因素研究,运用社交网络分析方法,通过构造与网络结构相关的变量进行影响因素的探讨,运用逻辑回归方法构建客户流失预警模型。从社交网络的视角出发,利用客户的通话详单数据建立客户之间的通信网络,在自我网络的相关理论框架下,构建个体的度、联系强度、个体的信息熵3个自我网络特征变量。运用中国某移动运营商公司的月度客户数据(包括基础通信数据和通话详单数据),通过逻辑回归构建基于社交网络变量的客户流失预警模型。 研究结果表明,个体的度、联系的强度和个体的信息熵都对预测客户流失有显著效果。具体的,个体的度越大,联系强度越强,个体的信息熵越大,客户越不容易流失。外样本AUC值平均可以达到0.75以上,模型具有良好的预测精度。 研究结果对企业实践具有非常重要的意义,合作企业应用客户流失预警模型进行高风险流失客户的识别,预测精度可以达到70%,达到了企业的实践预期。客户流失预警模型可以帮助企业提前识别高风险流失客户,极大地降低企业维系客户的成本。建议企业管理者在未来更加关注与客户社交网络有关的变量,从网络结构的视角理解消费者行为,更好地进行客户关系管理。     

Exploration and Firm Performance: The Moderating Impact of Competitive Strategy

In this study we examine the moderating effect of competitive strategy (including differentiation and cost‐leadership strategies) on the relationship between exploration and firm performance. We find that the moderating effect of differentiation strategy is positive while that of cost‐leadership strategy is negative. And, these moderating effects are stronger in a highly competitive context. This study offers an explanation for previous mixed findings on the linkage of exploration to firm performance and enriches the discipline's knowledge regarding the performance implications of exploration. Moreover, we respond directly to the appeal in research on competitive strategy to clarify the role played by competitive strategy in profiting from exploration.     

Online MapReduce scheduling problem of minimizing the makespan

MapReduce system is a popular big data processing framework, and the performance of it is closely related to the efficiency of the centralized scheduler. In practice, the centralized scheduler often has little information in advance, which means each job may be known only after being released. In this paper, hence, we consider the online MapReduce scheduling problem of minimizing the makespan, where jobs are released over time. Both preemptive and non-preemptive version of the problem are considered. In addition, we assume that reduce tasks cannot be parallelized because they are often complex and hard to be decomposed. For the non-preemptive version, we prove the lower bound is \(\frac{m+m(\Psi (m)-\Psi (k))}{k+m(\Psi (m)-\Psi (k))}\), higher than the basic online machine scheduling problem, where k is the root of the equation \(k=\big \lfloor {\frac{m-k}{1+\Psi (m)-\Psi (k)}+1 }\big \rfloor \) and m is the quantity of machines. Then we devise an \((2-\frac{1}{m})\)-competitive online algorithm called MF-LPT (Map First-Longest Processing Time) based on the LPT. For the preemptive version, we present a 1-competitive algorithm for two machines.     

耦合网络边相继故障模型研究

针对耦合网络上频发的相继故障问题,通过分析边级联故障蔓延的动力学演化机制,构建耦合网络上边相继故障模型。以提高耦合网络整体抵制相继故障能力为出发点,依据不同度量指标,多角度分析具有不同耦合模式的耦合网络鲁棒性与模型参数之间的关联性,研究耦合网络间耦合模式和网络基本模型等因素对相继故障的影响,探讨耦合网络边相继故障模型的整体保护策略。研究结果表明,同配连接模式能够增强耦合网络抵制级联故障的鲁棒性;相互依赖的两个耦合网络之间拓扑结构越相似,网络抵制相继故障的鲁棒性越强;耦合网络鲁棒性与网络平均度正相关;适当的增加耦合网络间对称边数量,能够有效提高网络的鲁棒性。最后,应用边相继故障模型在耦合电力网络上进行实例分析。