《野草》:当代散文诗尚未逾越的高峰

本文探究当代散文诗未能超越鲁迅《野草》的原因,指出:当代散文诗在创作取材上习惯于物化和轻型,在成“象”中缺少提炼概括、矛盾内容的把握和抒写、真实心灵的袒露与解剖,在艺术表现上千篇一律,因而与《野草》以重大题材和“人”入诗、含义丰富的意象、矛盾内容的组成描绘、“内宇宙”的深刻剖析和艺术上的探索独创都存在明显距离。原因在于当代散文诗作者缺少象鲁迅那样吞吐群山、重铸高峰的博大胞怀,缺少史诗意识,被束缚在“小摆设”的框框内。     

浅析革兰氏染色三步法、四步法

本文介绍了革兰氏染色三步法、四步法的材料、配制以及染色过程,并进行了比较与分析。     

非损伤性取样在珍稀濒危鸟类——朱翾种群遗传学中的应用

目的 :本次研究旨在建立适宜于珍稀濒危动物种群遗传学研究中提取 DNA的方法 .方法 :采用陕西朱保护观察站人工饲养的朱脱落羽毛羽髓提取基因组 DNA,利用1 0 bp的随机引物对提取 DNA的结果进行检验 .结果 :扩增结果稳定 .意义 :尝试在朱的遗传研究中应用非损伤性方法抽取 DNA,以方便对朱种群遗传背景进行研究 .探索的方法可应用于珍稀濒危动物分子遗传学研究 :进化关系、个体鉴别、亲子鉴定、筛选有价值的性状连锁遗传标记、种群数量调查、动物分类佐证和为防止近交衰退建立基于 DNA水平血统系谱等     

殡葬改革——分段实施 稳步推进

张家界市殡仪馆(金山陵园)竣工运营和<张家界市人民政府关于加强殡葬管理的通告>的出台,标志着张家界市殡葬改革进入实质性阶段.     

浅谈如何加强国有企业干部队伍管理

国有企业的建设是非常受到重视的,讲究一定的策略。在正确的经济市场下选举有才能的优秀人才来管理企业,来制约一些腐败的现象出现,把国有企业的建设做到最好。其中需要设立有力的监督机构,对机构的体系进行完善,为国有企业的管理制定出一系列的管理方法。对国有企业人事干部自身存在的不足进行改善,研究出更好的管理制度,使得国有企业干部队伍的管理能够顺利的进行。     

从进化的事实到进化论的哲学

今天多数科学家关于“进化的事实”所作的论断和教皇庇护十二世“人类的起源”一文中所发表的意见,显然有根本的分歧。就是在科学家之间,关于这一命题的意义和根据也存在着根本的含糊和明显的分歧。教皇庇护十二世说:“即使在自然科学领域之中,进化论也还没有全部被证实。”贝克纳关于进化论的总结,也许是对于一般的进化思想的一个公正的评价:“进化论是由一群相互有关的模型所组成;绝大部分的进化论解释都是以假定为根据的,而这些假定在个别场合又没有得到充分的证实,不过进化论学说的各个模型为它们的近邻提供了支持性的证据。”严格说来,并没有进化的普遍定律,只有历史的(史前史)过程。进化论哲学的第一个根本性错误是无限制地、无批判地使用科学上的外推法。第二个错误在理论上和实践上更加根深蒂固,这就是马里坦所谓的“历史的可知论”。既然进化过程不能作为它自己的说明,又不能按照必然性的规律重建起来,科学的进化论就不能作为任何进化主义哲学的基础。进化主义的种种哲学或思想体系,看来仿佛是由科学进化论得来的正确推论,但仔细一考察,这个表面现象只是一种幻象。在它的最后阶段中,进化论哲学是一个本质上属于个人的无法证实的直觉,陷在夸夸其谈的主观感情中,它使用了一个“生命——自我——宇宙”的公式作为理解实在的意义的钥匙。     

企业投资风险的成因分析及控制对策

投资风险是指企业在进行短期或长期投资决策时，由于对未来的情况不了解或不完全了解而产生的丧失利益的可能性。它是企业财务风险的一种具体表现形式。由于客观世界充满了不确定性，所以风险也是客观存在的，每一项投资都有一定的风险。如果投资决策面临的不确定性和风险较小，可以忽略它们的影响；如果面临的不确定性和风险较大，足以影响方案的正确选择，那么，就必须对它进行科学的预测和控制，并在决策中加以考虑。否则，一旦决策失误，其损失将是巨大的。从微观上讲，影响企业的生存与发展；从宏观上讲，会使国家经济遭受损失。因此，…     

法国医疗保险制度及其启示

2000年12月5日至13日,我有幸随劳动和社会保障部医疗保险司组织的医疗保险考察团,在法国考察医疗保险工作。在法期间,我们先后与法国劳动及互助部、法国保险公司联合会、法国互助基金会、法国奥利亚基层医疗保险机构及法国高级工商管理学院的有关专家、教授进行了广泛的研讨和交流,对法国的医疗保险制度有了较系统的了解。结合我们正在开展的医疗保险制度改革,感到很受启迪。     

大伙儿为什么哄笑满神？

满神是一个有能力、且喜欢提前告知命运的、心怀叵测的神，这非常符合一个女性神的角色描述。满神对一个懵懂的孩子说了几句大实话。电影院的黑暗中，很多观众当场就笑了。按道理，一旦神要出场，全体观众颔首、静默、下跪不说，起码也要调动应有的心理储备，潜意识控制脸部肌肉做出虔诚的表情。然而，全场观众笑了。因为观众自认为超越了神，至少是电影里的这个满神。这是集体不恭敬的笑。来自何方？是谁在发笑？基于怎样的文化心理？也许，对于满神的分析，是唯一能够回答制造《无极》这部电影的电影人的虚妄、野心并无知的方式。     

武当道茶文化研究

This article explores the promotion of tea culture at Wudang Mountain, a Daoist tem-ple complex in Hubei Province that is a popular tourist destination. At shops in temples and market areas, vendors brand their tea as Wudang Daoist tea, emphasizing its health benefits and connecting their teas to the Daoist discourse of life-nourishing ( yang sheng) practices. In their marketing materi-als and on their websites, the management of the Eight Immortal Temple Tea Plantation further cites folklore and mythic history to claim profound local roots for Wudang tea culture. In so doing, this company echoes the memory narratives of more fa-mous Chinese teas like Iron Guanyin and Dahong-pao. In China as elsewhere, convenient travel now puts people in contact with areas and peoples that a few decades earlier only a few non-locals explored. As a consequence of a global trend towards com-modification, members of local groups, including distinctive ethnocultural groups, now seek to create distinctive local brands for a tourist market. Corpo-rations now regularly mine local traditions to find i-tems that they can transform into commodities for a wider market ( Comaroff and Comaroff 2009 ) . One of Hubei’s richest tourism assets is the Daoist temple complex at Wudang Moutain, which draws pilgrims and tourists from China and Greater China. China’s State Council identified Wudang Moutain as a National Key Scenic Area in 1982 , and UNESCO added its ancient temples to its World Heritage list in 1994 . The Chinese govern-ment has worked with the Daoist Federation to de-velop Wudang’s temples and pavilions, which are spread over 400 square kilometers of mountainous terrain, into a major tourist destination. The gov-ernment tourist office promotes Wudang Mountain for its scenic beauty, its deep historical heritage, its religious culture, and famous martial arts. Al-though its tea culture is less renowned, local tea sellers claim that Wudang tea has a deep history and Daoist qualities. At Wudang Mountain, the Eight Immortal Temple Tea Plantation markets their tea as Wudang Daoist Tea, using history, legend, ritual, and sa-cred location to distinguish its green, black, and oolong teas from those produced elsewhere. They seek to valorize their teas through claims about the excellence of their growing environment ( not un-like the terroir of a fine wine ) and the historical depth of their tea history. They further use legend and mythic history to position their products, and associate their teas with Daoist traditions of health preservation, including martial arts. Finally, they use modern marketing techniques to promote their teas, including a promotional video directed by a In Ethnicity Inc, John and Jean Comaroff pro-pose that “commerce has been instrumental either in crystallizing or in reproducing the sociological entities (‘people’, ‘nation’, ‘community’ ) in which cultural identity is presumed to inhere”( Comaroff and Comaroff 2009:114 ) . In particu-lar, they conclude that people use identity-laden objects as a vehicle through which “ethnic con-sciousness is materialized” ( 33 ) . They focus on the modern discourse of intellectual property rights, including competing national claims to trademark signature products (122). Wudang tea vendors have used story, packa-ging, and performance to promote teas that evoke Wudang’s history, local traditions, and landscape. Hubei officials pay premium prices for the Eight Immortal Temple Plantation’s highest quality teas, but outside China Wudang tea is not well known. As global awareness of this world heritage site grows, Hubei’s Wudang Daoist tea series may find a place among the specialty teas now sold on the world market. But for now, Wudang Daoist Tea is an innovative brand that symbolizes a heritage that is simultaneously imperial, national, Daoist, and deeply local.