圣迭戈老挝苗族难民的宗教变革及其对格尔茨论点的说明

苗族难民与经验主义问题在安置来到美国的老挝苗族难民过程中产生了许多问题,其中既有对难民本身而言的问题,也有对于那些负责协调工作的组织而言的问题。其中最突出的问题是,如阿满足难民基本的物质需求和社会需要,如住房、保健、受教育和就业等等,就像其他东南亚难民普遍遇到的问题一样。但是在苗人中,这些问题尤为复杂,因为苗族的传统生活方式与美国社会的生活方式有着天壤之别。对那些过去一直生活在老挝北部山区偏远“部落”的人来说,他们     

多样化的现代性:全球化时代中的基督教、伊斯兰教和印度教

20世纪晚期 ,作为跨地域文化系统的世界宗教发生了影响深远的变化。本文旨在考察基督教、伊斯兰教和印度教三大宗教最近之变迁的政治性和意义。文章重点讨论那些重构宗教意义和权威的诸多力量的本质、推动归信和标准化的过程以及这些宗教重构对我们理解后期现代性本身的启发。本文认为 ,尽管现代性是多样化的 ,每个传统也都是独特的 ,但由于大众社会的全球化和晚期现代性的多元主义的缘故 ,所有这些宗教都面临着一个相似的困境     

山神、祖先的姓氏及神圣的武器－－评位于中尼边境上的宗教圣地及其社会特征

作者深入喜马拉雅山区并利用文化人类学和宗教学之研究方法 ,对至今仍然在堪巴隆地区流行的古老宗教信仰、生产模式和生活方式等社会宗教文化现象进行了深入浅出的调查和分析 ,比较系统而详细地总结和介绍了在当地所举行的各种既古老而又鲜活的祭拜战神的宗教仪式、农牧业生产情况、随季节变化而进行的人畜迁徙之规律以及宗教祭祀与生产劳动之间的关系等。同时 ,作者对生活在中尼边境上的堪巴隆人的族源、社区的形成、治理状况及其历史归属问题等方面作了较详细的调研     

现代民族学源流(为纪念摩尔根《古代社会》发表一百周年而作)

《古代社会》一书,是摩尔根的第三部巨著,是他在原始历史观上达到的最高成就。摩尔根于1851年发表了他的第一部著作《易洛魁联盟》。这是美国出版的关于美洲印第安部落的第一部民族学专著。这一年,在美国,被认为是美国民族学诞生的一年。摩尔根在这部著作中,详细地记述了经过他认真研究过的易洛魁部落联盟的内部结构。书中所引用的材料,至今还没有失去它的学术价值。     

内婚的民族功能

民族(зтнос)由许多不同的和相对独立的成分所组成,然而它通常又是相当稳定的整体。这就必然会提出一个问题:民族的稳定性是如何得到保证的呢?显然不能从一个方面来回答这个问题,因为它的稳定性的保持是与一系列因素相联系的。我们认为,广义的内婚在这些因素中占有特殊地位,这种内婚被理解为主要在本共同体内缔结婚姻。至于原始社会的基本民族社会基层组织——部落,其内婚似乎是普遍承认的。但这种承认不能动摇用异族人的氏族—部落组织来引证个别适应情况和部落之间的婚姻,因为人所     

拾一片落叶看印度

一进入印度,我便产生出一种严肃的神秘感,并强烈地感受到印度社会精神和信仰的那种多元、充溢和饱满。在印度的日子里,我经常会被一种与神共存的氛围所浸润,即便只是对印度历史上几位伟大人物的片刻缅怀,都会使我的心灵产生极大的震撼和感动……     

Analysis of quality-of-life adjusted failure time data in the presence of competing, possibly informative, censoring mechanisms

We derive estimators of the mean of a function of a quality-of-life adjusted failure time, in the presence of competing right censoring mechanisms. Our approach allows for the possibility that some or all of the competing censoring mechanisms are associated with the endpoint, even after adjustment for recorded prognostic factors, with the degree of residual association possibly different for distinct censoring processes. Our methods generalize from a single to many censoring processes and from ignorable to non-ignorable censoring processes.     

西部边疆地区人力资源开发研究

人力资源的开发是地区经济和社会可持续发展的关键。我国西部边疆的5个省、区既是经济欠发达地区,又是多民族聚居地区。长期以来,人力资源开发滞后制约着地区的可持续发展。本文分析西部边疆5个省、区地区人力资源开发存在的问题,并提出相应的对策。     

A simple two-stage design for quantitative responses with application to a study in diabetic neuropathic pain

Two-stage designs offer substantial advantages for early phase II studies. The interim analysis following the first stage allows the study to be stopped for futility, or more positively, it might lead to early progression to the trials needed for late phase II and phase III. If the study is to continue to its second stage, then there is an opportunity for a revision of the total sample size. Two-stage designs have been implemented widely in oncology studies in which there is a single treatment arm and patient responses are binary. In this paper the case of two-arm comparative studies in which responses are quantitative is considered. This setting is common in therapeutic areas other than oncology. It will be assumed that observations are normally distributed, but that there is some doubt concerning their standard deviation, motivating the need for sample size review. The work reported has been motivated by a study in diabetic neuropathic pain, and the development of the design for that trial is described in detail.     

Models for the analysis of C-reactive protein in statin trials

Elevation in C-reactive protein (CRP) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease progression and levels are reduced by treatment with statins. However, on-treatment CRP, given baseline CRP and treatment, is not normally distributed and outliers exist even when transformations are applied. Although classical non-parametric tests address some of these issues, they do not enable straightforward inclusion of covariate information. The aims of this study were to produce a model that improved efficiency and accuracy of analysis of CRP data. Estimation of treatment effects and identification of outliers were addressed using controlled trials of rosuvastatin. The robust statistical technique of MM-estimation was used to fit models to data in the presence of outliers and was compared with least-squares estimation. To develop the model, appropriate transformations of the response and baseline variables were selected. The model was used to investigate how on-treatment CRP related to baseline CRP and estimated treatment effects with rosuvastatin. On comparing least-squares and MM-estimation, MM-estimation was superior to least-squares estimation in that parameter estimates were more efficient and outliers were clearly identified. Relative reductions in CRP were higher at higher baseline CRP levels. There was also evidence of a dose-response relationship between CRP reductions from baseline and rosuvastatin. Several large outliers were identified, although there did not appear to be any relationships between the incidence of outliers and treatments. In conclusion, using robust estimation to model CRP data is superior to least-squares estimation and non-parametric tests in terms of efficiency, outlier identification and the ability to include covariate information.