The effect of joint control training on the acquisition and durability of a sequencing task

Gutierrez (2006) experimentally demonstrated the effects of joint control and particularly the role of response mediation in the sequencing behavior of adults using an unfamiliar language. The purpose of the current study was to replicate and extend the procedures used by Gutierrez by comparing the effects of joint control training with the effects of a prompt-and-fade procedure on the acquisition of a sequencing task. The effects of each procedure on delayed sequencing behavior were also tested. Ten undergraduate students participated in 2 experiments. The results indicated that all participants acquired the sequencing response in fewer trials and maintained accurate delayed responding when the component responses necessary for joint control were directly taught. Finally, when the self-echoic mediation component was blocked, accurate responding deteriorated in 8 of 10 participants.     

新疆生态城市发展模式与对策研究

一、引言 城市是体现先进生产力的平台,是展现现代文明的窗口,是提升生活质量的引擎,是区域经济、政治、科技、文化、教育的中心,也是人类在不同历史阶段改造自然的价值观和意志的体现.城市化既给人们带来了机遇,又带来了挑战.城市是解决世界上某些最复杂、最紧迫问题如资源、环境等问题的关键.目前,全球化背景下城市发展面临贫困、住房短缺、服务匮乏、交通拥堵和环境退化等一系列问题.基于上述原因,城市的可持续发展问题越来越受到社会各界的关注,生态城市的理念正是在这一背景下逐渐被城市规划界所认可和重视.     

新疆城市化空间布局发展演变研究

一、引言新疆是我国城市化发展最慢的省份之一,在城市化进程中起步较晚、基础较差,曾经历过因政治变革而使城市化发展严重受创的时期,甚至还出现过停滞。但是,社会主义市场经济发展和经济体制改革以及国家西部大开发战略的实施、全国对口援疆工作的开展,开拓了新疆城市化发展的新局面,城市化水平迅猛提升。2011年,新疆城市化水平已达43.5%,城市化也进入快速发展的新时期,但是与全国城市化平均水平相比还存在较大差距。与此同时,新疆是我国城市化发展区域差异较大的地区之一,主要表现为区域发展不平衡,这种不平衡已经较明显地反映在区域城市化水平、经济发展水平、城镇分布的空间格局等方面。     

旅客列车平稳操纵的意义及方法

列车牵引作为铁路对外经营的一个窗口,其服务质量的好坏将直接影响铁路的声誉和效益,搞好列车的平稳操纵具有重要的现实意义. 一是搞好列车操纵工作,是铁路适应市场经济的需要,关系到铁路运输在国际运输市场的地位和铁路运输的经济效益. 二是平稳操纵可以减少断钩事故的发生,防止因操纵不当而伤害到旅客的生命安全,使列车的通过能力得以提高.     

Ergonomic work analysis of urban bus drivers in Rio de Janeiro city

This article is the result of a case study on ergonomic work analysis carried out in an urban bus company located in Ilha do Governador, Rio de Janeiro. The methodology used in this work follows the French-tradition Ergonomic Analysis of the Work (EWA) combined with the best tradition from anglo-saxon ergonomic work analysis. The situated diagnosis was performed to provide relevant information about the work conditions of a bus driver.     

Social firms: Sustainable employment for people with mental illness

Objective: Social firms or enterprises aim to offer sustainable employment in supportive workplaces for people who are disadvantaged in the labour market. Therefore, this study sought to explore employees' views in one social firm about the features of their workplace that they found supportive.Participants: Seven employees were recruited, all of whom experienced persistent mental illness, and had worked in this social firm for between eleven months and six years. Methods: A semi-structured interview, the Work Environment Impact Scale (version 2.0), was used to explore participants' views of their workplace and to rate how its physical and social characteristics impacted them. Participants also rated their job satisfaction with a modified Indiana Job Satisfaction Scale. Results: Features of the social firm workplace identified by these employees as contributing to their sustained employment and satisfaction were the rewards, task demands, work schedule, and workplace interactions with supervisors and other co-workers. From their views, guiding principles for the development of supportive workplaces and evaluation of their capacity to afford sustainable employment were derived. Conclusions: This study adds to current knowledge about workplace supports from an employee perspective, and is of relevance for informing future social firm development, workplace design and evaluation.     

Exploring the Link Between Caregiver Affect and Adolescent Sexual Behavior: Does Neighborhood Disadvantage Matter?

In a sample of urban youth (N = 1,070), we examined the links between primary caregiver affect (i.e., warmth and hostility) and two measures of sexual behavior in adolescence - early sexual initiation and sex with multiple partners. We also examined the extent to which neighborhood disadvantage moderated associations between caregiver affect and adolescent sexual behavior. We found that caregiver hostility was positively associated with early sex and sex with multiple partners in neighborhoods characterized by high levels of disadvantage, but inversely associated with both sex outcomes in neighborhoods characterized by low levels of disadvantage. Caregiver warmth, on the other hand, was inversely associated with early sexual initiation and sex with multiple partners in all neighborhoods regardless of neighborhood disadvantage.