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Barry R. Chiswick Yew Liang Lee Paul W. Miller 《The International migration review》2006,40(2):419-450
This article is concerned with the determinants of English language proficiency among immigrants in a longitudinal survey for Australia. It focuses on both visa category and variables derived from an economic model of the determinants of destination‐language proficiency among immigrants. Skills‐tested and economic immigrants have the greatest proficiency shortly after immigration, followed by family‐based visa recipients, with refugees having the lowest proficiency. Other variables the same, these differences disappear by 3.5 years after immigration for speaking skills; and although they diminish, they persist longer for reading and writing skills. The variables generated from the model of destination‐language proficiency (such as schooling and age at migration) are, in part, predictions of visa category, but they are more important statistically for explaining proficiency. 相似文献
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"The study investigates the departure from Australia of former settlers who arrived during the 1980 calendar year. The 1980 settler arrival cohort [consists] of 75,167 visaed migrants.... The study has three main aims: (i) to analyse departures from Australia of the 1980 settler arrival cohort with a view to gauging the success of Australia's immigration program in retaining settlers; (ii) to examine the retention rates of settlers with respect to characteristics...including age, sex, marital status, country of last residence, and settler eligibility category; and (iii) to consider implications of the findings." Australia's present immigration policy is discussed, previous research on return migration from Australia is summarized, and a detailed analysis of the departure data is presented. "This study found that by August 1984, 12.4 per cent of non-refugee settlers who arrived in Australia during 1980 had departed permanently but that only 0.6 per cent of the 1980 refugee cohort had done so." These figures represent a decline in immigrant departure rates since the 1960s and early 1970s. Small differences in departure rates by place of birth, age, and marital status, which may have demographic consequences if sustained over time, are noted. (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA) 相似文献
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Physicians practicing in large, multispecialty medical groups share an organizational culture that differs from that of physicians in small or independent practices. Since 1980, there has been a sharp increase in the size of multispecialty group practice organizations, in part because of increased efficiencies of large group practices. The greater number of physicians and support personnel in a large group practice also requires a relatively more sophisticated management structure. The efficiencies, conveniences, and management structure of a large group practice provide an optimal environment to practice medicine. However, a search of the literature found no data linking a large group practice environment to practice outcomes. The purpose of the study reported in this article was to determine if physicians in large practices have fewer quality and utilization problems than physicians in small or independent practices. 相似文献
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Barry V. Johnston 《The American Sociologist》1998,29(3):26-42
The history of sociology is marked by periods of theoretical pluralism and hegemony. Their interplay has resulted in the slow
and uneven development of the discipline. Today, however, bodies of theory and practice have become so diverse that many scholars
worry that sociology is in a state of disintegration. The theoretical career of Talcott Parsons provides a microcosm in which
to explore similar processes. Building on the success of The Structure of Social Action, Parsons led a movement that transformed Harvard's Department of Sociolgy into the Department of Social Relations. There
he attempted a grander, but failed synthesis in Toward A General Theory of Action. His case provides a situation in which to explore features of disciplinary integration and fragmentation. The comparison
stimulates one to fashion an informed sense of whether sociology is now facing its latest crisis or may be in the process
of decomposition as a corpus of study.
This research was supported by grants from the American Sociological Association's Fund for the Advancement of the Discipline
and by Indiana University Northwest through a sabbatical leave. 相似文献
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A Macro-Economic Framework for Evaluation of Cyber Security Risks Related to Protection of Intellectual Property 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The article is based on the premise that, from a macro-economic viewpoint, cyber attacks with long-lasting effects are the most economically significant, and as a result require more attention than attacks with short-lasting effects that have historically been more represented in literature. In particular, the article deals with evaluation of cyber security risks related to one type of attack with long-lasting effects, namely, theft of intellectual property (IP) by foreign perpetrators. An International Consequence Analysis Framework is presented to determine (1) the potential macro-economic consequences of cyber attacks that result in stolen IP from companies in the United States, and (2) the likely sources of such attacks. The framework presented focuses on IP theft that enables foreign companies to make economic gains that would have otherwise benefited the U.S. economy. Initial results are presented. 相似文献
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Are there gender and country of origin differences in immigrant labor market outcomes across European destinations? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The 1994–2000 waves of the European Community Household Panel are used to study the earnings of immigrants as compared to
native workers in 15 European countries. At the time of arrival, there is a significant negative partial effect of foreign
birth on individual earnings compared to the native born in the destination of around 40%. These differences vary across origins
and destinations and by gender. Immigrant earnings catch-up to those of the native born after around 18 years in the destination.
Schooling matters more for earnings for women, whereas, language skills are relatively more important for men.
相似文献
Barry R. ChiswickEmail: |
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