物流蔓延背景下重庆主城区批发市场外迁与机制解释

物流蔓延是信息和交通运输技术发展、居民社会生活方式转变、城市空间扩张的共同结果。近年来,随着城市和人口的郊区化发展,物流蔓延现象在各国城市发展中逐渐显现。城市的批发市场是集商流、物流和信息流于一体的商品集散地,其物流活动属于城市物流的一部分,因此在城市物流蔓延的大背景下,选择商贸物流在全国具有较大影响力的重庆市主城区为案例,分析重庆市主城区批发市场的发展、布局特征和外迁机制,对科学认识物流蔓延背景下的城市批发空间布局具有一定的理论意义,以期对城市批发市场的空间布局优化策略制定提供决策依据。     

Approximate transformation trimmed mean methods to the test of simple linear regression slope equality

To deal with the problem of non-normality and heteroscedasticity, the current study proposes applying approximate transformation trimmed mean methods to the test of simple linear regression slope equality. The distribution-free slope estimates are first trimmed on both sides and then the test statistic t is transformed by Johnson's method for each group to correct non-normality. Lastly, an approximate test such as the James second-order test, the Welch test, or the DeShon-Alexander test, which are robust for heterogeneous variances, is applied to test the equality of regression slopes. Bootstrap methods and Monte Carlo simulation results show that the proposed methods provide protection against both unusual y values, as well as unusual x values. The new methods are valid alternatives for testing the simple linear regression slopes when heteroscedastic variances and nonnormality are present.     

工程软件的小世界效应探究

工程信息具有形式复杂和内容分散的特点，其结构的关联性和数据的兼容性直接影响着数字化工程信息资源的有效管理和充分利用。特别是在工程信息的长期安全保存和可靠调用过程中，存在着信息和其使用系统之间的兼容问题和对信息定期检查、移存、转化的时间和效率问题。目前国内外对这两类问题还没有可行的解决方法和技术。根据“六度分离”现象和小世界网络模型，对工程软件的输入输出格式之间的转换关系进行实验分析，验证了其小世界效应，进一步通过Protégé 构建的本体查询格式转换的路径，为解决大量级和分散性工程信息的移存提供了可靠的科学依据。     

Covariate selection for identifying the causal effects of stochastic interventions using causal networks

Suppose that cause-effect relationships between variables can be described by a causal network corresponding to a linear structural equation model. Kuroki and Miyakawa (2003) proposed a graphical criterion for selecting covariates to identify the causal effect of a conditional intervention. In this paper, we extend Kuroki and Miyakawa (2003) graphical criterion for selecting covariates to identify the causal effect of a stochastic intervention. Since stochastic intervention is a generalization of conditional intervention, our paper makes the results of Kuroki and Miyakawa (2003) more generally applicable.     

Inference for the common mean of several Birnbaum–Saunders populations

The Birnbaum–Saunders distribution is a widely used distribution in reliability applications to model failure times. For several samples from possible different Birnbaum–Saunders distributions, if their means can be considered as the same, it is of importance to make inference for the common mean. This paper presents procedures for interval estimation and hypothesis testing for the common mean of several Birnbaum–Saunders populations. The proposed approaches are hybrids between the generalized inference method and the large sample theory. Some simulation results are conducted to present the performance of the proposed approaches. The simulation results indicate that our proposed approaches perform well. Finally, the proposed approaches are applied to analyze a real example on the fatigue life of 6061-T6 aluminum coupons for illustration.     

浅谈宴会口译中菜肴的翻译

本文探讨宴会口译的特点和宴会口译中菜肴的翻译,以寻求培养译员宴会口译能力的有效途径。     

欲望化的历史叙事——莫言小说创作的三向维度

莫言的小说创作中,欲望化的历史叙事成为关注的焦点,并据此形成了独特的话语实践方式。这涉及个体的生命欲望、性爱欲望以及最具野性的权力欲望等三个主要维度。生命欲望是理解历史知识的一般主题和最终目的,体现了现实中的想象书写、想象中的现实记忆以及非人性物体的人性化展露等三重变奏;性爱欲望实现了历史的主观把握与审美体验,不仅有野性与激荡同生的性爱,更有理性与俏皮并存的性爱;权力欲望下形成了一种生产与压制、控制与反抗、表彰与惩罚共存的生存状态,体现为逆境中抗争权力、外在的强加权力以及精心偷取的权力等内容。可以说,这三向维度成了莫言小说中欲望化叙事的鲜明特点,成了他揭秘历史真伪叙事的关键所在。     

IRUSRT: A Novel Imbalanced Learning Technique by Combining Inverse Random Under Sampling and Random Tree

In this article, a novel technique IRUSRT (inverse random under sampling and random tree) by combining inverse random under sampling and random tree is proposed to implement imbalanced learning. The main idea is to severely under sample the majority class thus creating multiple distinct training sets. With each training set, a random tree is trained to separate the minority class from the majority class. By combining these random trees through fusion, a composite classifier is constructed. The experimental analysis on 23 real-world datasets assessed over area under the ROC curve (AUC), F-measure, and G-mean indicates that IRUSRT performs significantly better when compared with many existing class imbalance learning methods.     

德、美两国现代社会工作理论的比较研究

德、美两国的社会工作有不同的历史发展轨迹,产生了各不相同的社会工作理论,并已形成相对完善的理论体系。对于我国来说,借鉴和整合创新社会工作本土化路径无疑是当下备受关注的焦点。较于德国和美国的社会工作理论研究,我国的社会工作理论研究相对稀缺,这对探索西方社会工作更为广泛的发展趋势是一个不小的遗憾。对两个代表性国家的社会工作理论进行比较研究有利于借鉴国外经验。鉴于社会福利和社会保障制度对社会工作的深刻影响,笔者首先对各国的社会福利和社会保障制度发展历程进行简要的阐述,其次从多个层面对两个国家社会工作的理论进行详尽的描述,试图理清当下两个国家社会工作的理论相似点和差异,能给我国社会工作本土化带来一定的启示。     

Robust estimation for the coefficient of a first order autoregressive process

Nonparametric methods, Theil's method and Hussain's method have been applied to simple linear regression problems for estimating the slope of the regression line.We extend these methods and propose a robust estimator to estimate the coefficient of a first order autoregressive process under various distribution shapes, A simulation study to compare Theil's estimator, Hus-sain's estimator, the least squares estimator, and the proposed estimator is also presented.