Signaling to Partially Informed Investors in the Newsvendor Model

We analyze a signaling game between the manager of a firm and an investor in the firm. The manager has private information about the firm's demand and cares about the short‐term stock price assigned by the investor. Previous research has shown that under continuous decision choices and the Intuitive Criterion refinement, the least‐cost separating equilibrium will result, in which a low‐quality firm chooses its optimal capacity and a high‐quality firm over‐invests in order to signal its quality to investors. We build on this research by showing the existence of pooling outcomes in which low‐quality firms over‐invest and high‐quality firms under‐invest so as to provide identical signals to investors. The pooling equilibrium is practically appealing because it yields a Pareto improvement compared to the least‐cost separating equilibrium. Distinguishing features of our analysis are that: (i) we allow the capacity decision to have either discrete or continuous support, and (ii) we allow beliefs to be refined based on either the Undefeated refinement or the Intuitive Criterion refinement. We find that the newsvendor model parameters impact the likelihood of a pooling outcome, and this impact changes in both sign and magnitude depending on which refinement is used.     

我国科技社团存在的问题与对策分析

目前,科技社团主要存在工作人员收入偏低、资金能力不足、社会对科技社团认可度不高等问题。为了确保科技社团能够健康、可持续地发展,需要通过规范内部运行机制、加强政府与科技社团的联系、完善监督机制、以会员为本、扩大资金来源五个方面来实现。     

农地信托中信托财产性质及归属谜题:困局与出路

农地信托中信托财产的性质为何,农地信托设定后信托财产所有权是否发生变动,已困扰我国学界多年.目前既有的承包权—权利转移说、承包权—权利不转移说、租赁权—权利转移说等多种学说均未能完美解决农地信托的理论谜题.农地"三权分置"政策的提出,为解决上述谜题提供了新的机遇.将农地信托中信托财产界定为农地经营权,并将这项权利配置为"高度物权化的债权",有利于彻底解决农地信托的理论谜题.     

自媒体时代历史虚无主义思潮的传播及其反制

历史虚无主义在意识形态层面否定马克思主义的指导地位与唯物史观,歪曲丑化了中国共产党的领导。历史虚无主义思潮借助自媒体平台呈现出的碎片化、隐匿化与庸俗化倾向,在当下自媒体平台肆意传播,在社会上造成了极其恶劣的影响。在此背景下,必须深入分析历史虚无主义思潮在自媒体平台的传播方式及其规律,有针对性地提出相应的反制策略,在重建马克思主义唯物史观的同时,营造健康的网络道德教育环境。     

幼儿家庭教育的合力策略

幼儿期是人一生发展打好基础的一个重要阶段,家庭是幼儿生活和教育的第一场所,家庭教育对幼儿身心发展的影响最深刻、持续时间最长。在幼儿家庭教育中发挥家长榜样力量、尊重幼儿独立地位、发挥学校指导和引领作用、统筹社会资源支持,从而形成以家庭为核心,整合家长、学校、社会的力量,促进教育合力的形成。     

Indirect membership function assignment based on ordinal regression

In many fuzzy sets applications, fuzzy membership functions are commonly developed based on empirical or expert knowledge. The equation of a membership function is usually determined somewhat arbitrarily. This paper explores a novel membership function design method based on ordinal regression analysis. The estimated thresholds between ordinal measurement categories are applied to calculate the intersection points between fuzzy sets. These intersection points are further applied to determine the equations of the membership functions. Information distortion due to empirical guess can thus be reduced and more latent information in the fuzzy responses can therefore be captured. A case study investigating the relationship between foster mothers’ satisfaction and the foster time and information provided has been conducted in this research. The applicability and effectiveness of the proposed membership function assignment approach have been demonstrated through several case studies.     

如何对区域活动中的幼儿进行评价

幼儿园区域活动是幼儿获取知识技能、体验生活的一种幼儿教育形式,它通过为幼儿提供熟悉的活动环境和材料,促进幼儿主动参与活动、自主选择、合作交流和勇于探索,达到个人素质逐步提高的目的。区域活动中孩子以小组或个人的形式自由观察、探索、操作、摆弄,以获得自身的快乐和小成就为目的。区域活动中幼儿的行为,能表现出幼儿在活动中的情绪、操作技能、认知基础、社会性发展等多方面的状态。幼儿的活动离不开教师的有效观察和适时介入,只有教师能正确看待幼儿的活动行为,客观评价幼儿活动状态,才能真正支持幼儿发展。     

儒学与学问——关于儒学思想发展的学问化/人格化路径的省思

儒学,尤其是以孔子为代表的原始儒学,究竟是学问,还是哲学、宗教、科学?这是儒学传承历史中的重大问题,也是儒学思想现代化特别是儒学思想当下生存和未来发展所直接面对的根本问题。从儒学思想自身发生和发展的历史看,儒学思想的学科性质以及关于这种学科性质的理解,构成了儒学思想自身传承系统的演化路径和存在状态;在全球化语境中,儒学思想的学科性质以及关于这种学科性质的理解,决定了儒学思想当下生存和未来发展的前途和命运。虽然,在儒学思想自身发展的历史上,儒学曾经被作为哲学（哲理化）、宗教（信仰化）和科学（技术化）而获得传承和发展并取得巨大成就,但由于遮蔽了儒学教化个人如何做人如何做事的学问根本,从而也就与现实的个人的生活世界渐行渐远。在市场经济生活方式渐次主导社会生活的今天,激活和启动儒学教化个人如何做人如何做事的学问根本,有利于克制道德冷漠、伦理疏松和人性功利化的趋向,也是儒学思想在全球化条件下生存和发展的可能路径和生存策略。     

《后出师表》真伪考释

有学者对诸葛亮《后出师表》提出置疑。笔者提出几点意见：一、《后表》虽不载于《诸葛亮传》,但见于《诸葛恪传》;二、《后表》不是张俨、诸葛恪伪造;三、《后表》用语与诸葛亮习惯用语符合;四、《后表》立意与诸葛亮行为一致。由此可知,《后表》是诸葛亮的作品。