Ethnic stereotypes

A la fois comme conséquences et signes de comportement, les stéréotypes (terme créé par Lippmann), ont étéà la base de la littérature des sciences sociales. Edwards a dévelopé le modèle de Lippmann et a présenté quatre dimensions de stéreotypes: contentement, uniformité, direction et intensité. Cette étude examine ces dimensions parmi des étudiants d'écoles secondaires à Winnipeg. Conformément à la théorie d'ethnocentrisme de Sumner, quatre groupes d'étudiants (juifs, allemands, ukrainiens et français) avaient des autostéréotypes positifs supérieurs, et ces auto-évaluations étaient sensiblement plus positives que les stéréotypes des autres. La preuve de réciprocitéétait surtout évidente dans les évaluations mutuellement neutres des étudiants juifs et allemands. Parmi les quatre groupes, les juifs ont aussi été classés les plus bas sur plusieurs des échelles par des étudiants des trois autres groupes. Les résultats suggérent que les étudiants des écoles secondaires ont des autostéréotypes positifs; il y a preuve de réciprocité stéréotypique entre certains groupes, et il ya a des corrélations entre dissemblance religieuse et culturelle et stéréotypes négatifs. Stereotypes, as both a consequence and a predictor of behaviour, have been a basic part of the social science literature since Lippmann coined the term. Edwards developed Lipp-mann's model and presented four dimensions of stereotypes, content, uniformity, direction, and intensity. The present study examines these dimensions among high school students in Winnipeg. In conformity with Sumner's theory of ethnocentrism, four groups of students (Jews, Germans, Ukrainians, French) had high positive autostereotypes, and these self-evaluations were significantly more positive than stereotypes of others. Evidence of reciprocity was most evident in the mutually neutral evaluations of Jewish and German students. Of the four groups, the Jews were also rated lowest on many of the scales by students from the other three groups. The results suggest that high school students have positive autostereotypes; there is evidence of stereotypical reciprocity between some groups, and correlations exist between religious and cultural dissimilarity and negative stereotypes.     

The growth of the sociology graduate program at Kent State University

The initial growth of the graduate program in sociology at Kent State University was dominated by the interests, academic training and career goals of particular people who participated in it. Moreover, in 1939, when the program was initiated, its growth closely mirrored the principal concerns of the discipline. Today the program is responsive less to the discipline or particular faculty, and more to political, economic and demographic factors. As a state-funded institution, this university and graduate program are more likely to react to state needs and those of its other public, the students. Her interests include professional socialization and organizational change, particular in the field of health care. His most recent work is research on “belief in a just world” and in the social psychological aspects of gender roles.     

Using national alcohol screening day to deliver personalized feedback: a pilot study

The current study tested the effectiveness of using National Alcohol Screening Day (NASD) to deliver personalized feedback via mail. At-risk NASD participants were assigned to either personalized or generic feedback conditions and attended a 4-week follow-up. Results failed to find any group differences on alcohol-related variables. However, participants in the personalized group reported a reduction in the maximum number of drinks consumed on one occasion. The personalized group also had a more accurate view of the amount of alcohol their peers consumed. NASD is a vehicle to efficiently deliver feedback to individuals about their alcohol use; however, more research is needed to determine the types of feedback that would be most effective.     

THE SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT OF NATIVE STUDENTS IN A NORTHERN CANADIAN HOSTEL*

A l'occasion d'une analyse de I'adaptation sociale des étudiants dans une hotellerie du Nord, on a découvert des differences significatives entre celle des Esquimaux, des Indiens et des Métis. Ces résultats contredisent les propositions théoriques avancées par Honigmann (1966) et Weines (1966) qui prétendent que les chances égales fournies par la culture hotelière produiraient les mêmes taux d'adaptation chez les étudiants des trois groupes indigenes. Les démonstrations apportées dans cet article soulèvent plusieurs questions importantes concernant les processus de socialisation en cours dans les auberges résidentielles où les enfants des divers groupes ethniques vivent.
In an analysis of students residing in a northern hostel it was found that there were significant differences between the social adjustment of Eskimo, Indian, and Métis students. These findings are contrary to the theoretical propositions put forward by Honigmann (1966) and Weiner (1966) which posit that the equal opportunities provided by the hostel culture would result in similar rates of adjustment for all three groups of native students.     

Diversity and Rigor Trends in Retailing Research: Assessment and Guidelines

This study presents an evaluation of research diversity and rigor levels in the retail marketing literature in order to glean valuable insights for researchers. Retailing is a significant sub‐field within marketing, and occupies a large portion of the extant marketing literature. The study consists of a content analysis of 600 quantitative empirical articles in the top six marketing journals (i.e. Journal of Retailing, Journal of Marketing, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Consumer Research, Marketing Science and Journal of Marketing Research) over a 12‐year period. Over this period, the diversity and rigor of research design and data analytical methods were assessed across ten research sub‐communities of retail marketing research. The authors develop a measure for evaluating the rigor of research design and analytic techniques most commonly used in business research. The data reveal trends and areas for improvement in research design and reporting scholarly research.     

Evaluating second-order probability judgments with strictly proper scoring rules

Empirical studies have demonstrated that uncertainty about event probabilities, also known as ambiguity or second-order uncertainty, can affect decision makers choice preferences. Despite the importance of second-order uncertainty in decision making, almost no effort has been directed towards the development of methods that evaluate the accuracy of second-order probabilities. In this paper, we describe conditions under which strictly proper scoring rules can be used to assess the accuracy of second-order probability judgments. We investigate the effectiveness of using a particular strictly proper scoring rule the ranked probability score - to discourage biased assessments of second-order uncertainty.