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11.
Nasr Adnen Ben Balcilar Mehmet Akadiri Seyi Saint Gupta Rangan 《Social indicators research》2019,142(2):827-843
Social Indicators Research - The relationship between income inequality and long-run economic growth has gained a growing attention in economic research for over decades. This study employed... 相似文献
12.
Epidemiological research typically focuses on the intensity, frequency, or duration of physical activity, without consideration of the socially meaningful dimensions of exercise. The authors use data from the 1998 National Health Interview Survey (N = 17,455) and information on participation in 15 exercise behaviors to examine educational differences in exercise among non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Mexican Americans. Factor analysis identifies three types of exercise: team sports (e.g., basketball, football), fitness activities (e.g., running, weight lifting), and activities that require the use of specialized facilities (e.g., golf, tennis). Cultural capital and human capital perspectives offer insight into different dimensions of the relationship between education and exercise. Whites disproportionately undertake facility-based exercise, blacks tend toward team and fitness activities, and Mexican Americans gravitate toward team sports. Our findings offer insight into the social stratification of health and can aid the design of public health interventions. 相似文献
13.
Balcilar Mehmet Akadiri Seyi Saint Gupta Rangan Miller Stephen M. 《Social indicators research》2019,142(1):65-82
Social Indicators Research - This paper examines the predictive power of a partisan conflict on income inequality. Our study contributes to the existing literature by using the newly introduced... 相似文献
14.
Justin T. Denney Jarron M. Saint Onge Jeff A. Dennis 《Population research and policy review》2018,37(2):301-321
While racial and ethnic differences in mortality are pervasive and well documented, less is known about how mortality risk varies by neighborhood socioeconomic status across racial and ethnic identity. We conducted a prospective analysis on a sample of adults living at or below 300% poverty with 8 years of the National Health Interview Survey (N = 159,400) linked to 11,600 deaths to examine the association between neighborhood disadvantage and mortality for non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and U.S.- and foreign-born Hispanics. Using multilevel logistic regression, we find that the probability of death from any cause for lower-income adults is higher in more-disadvantaged neighborhoods, compared to less-disadvantaged neighborhoods, but only for whites. The adjusted likelihood of death for blacks and foreign-born Hispanics is not associated with neighborhood disadvantage, and the likelihood of death for U.S.-born Hispanics is lower in more-disadvantaged neighborhoods. While future research and policy should focus on improving health-promoting resources in all communities, care should be given to better understanding why race/ethnic groups have differential mortality returns with respect to area-specific socioeconomic conditions. 相似文献
15.
Scheuermann Taneisha S. Saint Onge Jarron M. Ramaswamy Megha Cox Lisa Sanderson Ahluwalia Jasjit S. Nollen Nicole L. 《Race and social problems》2020,12(2):133-144
Race and Social Problems - Residential area characteristics and discrimination have been associated with psychological distress. Differences in these relationships across racial groups are not well... 相似文献
16.
Major league baseball career length in the 20th century 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The sport of baseball has used statistics to enhance understanding for fans for over a century, yet there is limited data
on player careers. This study fills that void by examining the careers of baseball players over the last century. Between
1902 and 1993, 5,989 position players started their careers and played 33,272 person years of major league baseball. A rookie
position player can expect to play 5.6 years; one in five position players will have only a single-year career, and at every
point of a player’s career, the chance of exiting is at least 11%. Position players who start younger and begin their careers
in more recent decades all have longer and more stable careers; nevertheless, baseball careers are not compressed versions
of normal careers, but are substantially skewed toward early exit.
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Richard G. RogersEmail: |
17.
Few studies have examined whether sex differences in mortality are associated with different distributions of risk factors
or result from the unique relationships between risk factors and mortality for men and women. We extend previous research
by systematically testing a variety of factors, including health behaviors, social ties, socioeconomic status, and biological
indicators of health. We employ the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey III Linked Mortality File and use Cox
proportional hazards models to examine sex differences in adult mortality in the United States. Our findings document that
social and behavioral characteristics are key factors related to the sex gap in mortality. Once we control for women’s lower
levels of marriage, poverty, and exercise, the sex gap in mortality widens; and once we control for women’s greater propensity
to visit with friends and relatives, attend religious services, and abstain from smoking, the sex gap in mortality narrows.
Biological factors—including indicators of inflammation and cardiovascular risk—also inform sex differences in mortality.
Nevertheless, persistent sex differences in mortality remain: compared with women, men have 30% to 83% higher risks of death
over the follow-up period, depending on the covariates included in the model. Although the prevalence ofriskfactors differs
by sex, the impact of those riskfactors on mortality is similar for men and women. 相似文献
18.
David Buchanan Louise Fitzgerald Diane Ketley Rose Gollop Jane Louise Jones Sharon Saint Lamont Annette Neath Elaine Whitby 《国际管理评论杂志》2005,7(3):189-205
Why do some organizational changes persist, while others decay? The sustainability of change can be defined broadly as the process through which new working methods, performance goals and improvement trajectories are maintained for a period appropriate to a given context. However, sustainability has received limited attention, although the concept reflects Lewin's concern with ‘refreezing’ ( Lewin. K. 1951 . Field Theory in Social Science: Selected Theoretical Papers by Kurt Lewin, UK edition published 1952, ed. D. Cartwright, London: Tavistock). In an uncertain environment, working practices that fail to adapt are targets for change, and stability has been regarded not as a condition to be achieved, but as a symptom of inertia, a problem to be solved. This paper reviews the emerging literature, seeking to develop a provisional model of the processes influencing change sustainability and decay, as a platform for further research. This review suggests that sustainability is dependent on multiple factors, at different levels of analysis: substantial, individual, managerial, financial, leadership, organizational, cultural, political, processual, contextual and temporal. The relative significance of those factors cannot be determined a priori, raising questions concerning the properties of the sustainability process with regard to different types of change in different contexts. 相似文献
19.
Race differentials in obesity: the impact of place 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Boardman JD Saint Onge JM Rogers RG Denney JT 《Journal of health and social behavior》2005,46(3):229-243
This article reveals race differentials in obesity as both an individual- and neighborhood-level phenomena. Using neighborhood-level data from the 1990-1994 National Health Interview Survey, we find that neighborhoods characterized by high proportions of black residents have a greater prevalence of obesity than areas in which the majority of the residents are white. Using individual-level data, we also find that residents of neighborhoods in which at least one-quarter of the residents are black face a 13 percent increase in the odds of being obese compared to residents of other communities. The association between neighborhood racial composition and obesity is completely attenuated after including statistical controls for the poverty rate and obesity prevalence of respondents' neighborhoods. These findings support the underlying assumptions of both institutional and social models of neighborhood effects. 相似文献