四川盆地雷口坡组层序岩相古地理

针对四川盆地各矿区雷口坡组地层划分方案不统一，且受早印支运动的影响，雷口坡组顶部岩溶带地层垮塌破坏，造成地层内幕划分及岩相古地理恢复困难的难题，以层序地层学理论与方法为指导，重新厘定了盆地内雷口坡组的地层划分方案，以四级层序为作图单元进行层序岩相古地理重建。高精度的层序岩相古地理研究表明，雷口坡期四川盆地处于局限–蒸发海环境，在川西北一带靠近松潘—甘孜海槽一带发育有台地边缘，台地内部颗粒滩和台地边缘颗粒滩构成了雷口坡组的勘探主体。岩相古地理的演化表明，雷口坡组沉积时期盆地底形发生了东倾向西倾“跷跷板”式的转换，在层序I 早期仍保持了早三叠世西高东低的地形格局，至层序III 沉积期东倾趋势消失，层序IVV 沉积时期盆地内隆凹格局略具雏形。伴随着构造挤压运动的加剧，从层序VI 开始盆地底形隆凹格局分异加剧，形成巨厚膏盐盆，膏盐盆沉积中心在层序VIX 沉积时期具有明显西移的趋势。     

Optimal control strategies for dividend payments and capital injections in compound Markov binomial risk model with penalties for deficits

We consider the compound Markov binomial risk model. The company controls the amount of dividends paid to the shareholders as well as the capital injections in order to maximize the cumulative expected discounted dividends minus the discounted capital injections and the discounted penalties for deficits prior to ruin. We show that the optimal value function is the unique solution of an HJB equation, and the optimal control strategy is a two-barriers strategy given the current state of the Markov chain. We obtain some properties of the optimal strategy and the optimal condition for ruining the company. We offer a high-efficiency algorithm for obtaining the optimal strategy and the optimal value function. In addition, we also discuss the optimal control problem under a restriction of bounded dividend rates. Numerical results are provided to illustrate the algorithm and the impact of the penalties.     

空间批评视角下的《生日》

从空间批评视角看,文本中的空间不再是静止的＂容器＂,而是一种蕴含多维文化信息的指涉系统,注重文本中空间的社会、文化属性。在美国华裔作家雷祖威的短篇小说《生日》中,与华裔青年华莱士·王的爱情故事相关的几个空间场景不仅再现了华裔的现实生活世界,更充分展示了他们居于社会边缘的处境与内心疏离的痛苦。     

Bayesian penalized B-spline estimation approach for epidemic models

Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are normally used to model dynamic processes in applied sciences such as biology, engineering, physics, and many other areas. In these models, the parameters are usually unknown, and thus they are often specified artificially or empirically. Alternatively, a feasible method is to estimate the parameters based on observed data. In this study, we propose a Bayesian penalized B-spline approach to estimate the parameters and initial values for ODEs used in epidemiology. We evaluated the efficiency of the proposed method based on simulations using the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for the Kermack–McKendrick model. The proposed approach is also illustrated based on a real application to the transmission dynamics of hepatitis C virus in mainland China.     

中泰铁路面临的挑战及对策分析

从英拉政府时期的"高铁换大米"方案到巴育军政府时期的新铁路方案,中泰铁路前后经历了中泰高铁缘起、中泰高铁曲折发展、中泰高铁向中泰铁路转变、中泰铁路发展筹备、中泰铁路发展陷入困境和中泰铁路发展缓慢推进等六个阶段的波折变化.中泰两国关于方案本身的分歧,日本高铁的外部竞争和冲击,以及泰国国内政权更迭频繁等因素是造成中泰铁路一波三折的主要原因.基于对中泰铁路建设"好事多磨"的全面探讨和研究,提出构建政治风险评估和预警机制、创新企业投融资合作模式、加强舆论宣传作用等建议,助力中泰铁路项目平稳推进.     

Contents of heavy metals in arable soils and birth defect risks in Shanxi, China: a small area level geographic study

The burgeoning demands of China’s urbanization and industrial development put pressure on the resources of the entire country and have direct and indirect effects on the health of individuals, at times in areas far removed from cities themselves. Current evidence suggests that heavy metal pollution in soil, a common by-product of coal mining and other industrial activities, may be linked to risk of birth defects. We examine this hypothesis using small area level data including soil samples and detailed birth records from 2002 to 2004 from 97 villages in Shanxi province, a heavy coal-mining region. We find that soils containing arsenic, lead, and nickel are significantly correlated with the incidence of birth defects. In particular, we find a strong positive dose-dependent association of birth defects with lead, a moderate positive effect with arsenic, and a dose-dependent negative association with nickel. These results are consistent with the postulated link between arsenic and lead and human birth defects, but raise questions about the effects of nickel in this context. China’s rapid urbanization underscores the need for closer attention to the relationship between the health and the environment.     

浙江农村青年创业小额贷款项目在基层的实施效果研究———以乐清市为例

浙江农村青年创业小额贷款项目自推出以来受到浙江基层创业青年广泛关注,该项小额贷款制度申请程序简便、担保形式灵活、政府扶持力度逐年加大,已逐步发展成为基层创业青年融资的主要途径之一.近年来,在浙江“两创”总战略鼓励下,农村青年创业小额贷款项目发展前景广阔、发展势头良好,同时在担保、风险控制、贷款覆盖面等方面也不乏矛盾和困惑     

Emergency Law in China: Its Formation,Present State and Future

中国非常法律的形成, 是为了应对紧急事件。这类法律由法律法规、应急预案和 军事法规等组成, 规定了战争状态、紧急状态和应急状态三种非常状态, 致力于建构 专业化大分工基础上的综合统一体制。在实践中, 应急预案取代了法律法规, 成为紧 急事件治理的基本规范依据; 政府和武装力量处于主导地位。中国非常法律基于必要 而形成, 其适用具有临时性, 主要内容具有授权性和预防性。非常法律未来发展的主 要目标是: 与中国特色社会主义法律体系衔接, 制定紧急状态下的基本法, 完善非常 法律的各项具体机制。

关键词: 非常状态 综合治理 执行主导 预防性法律

China’s emergency laws have emerged as a result of dealing with crises. They comprise laws and regulations, emergency plans, and military regulations, and define three exceptional or emergency states: war, emergency and emergency response, with the aim of constructing a comprehensive integrated system based on the specialized division of labor. In practice, however, emergency plans take the place of laws and regulations and provide the fundamental normative basis for tackling emergencies, with government and the military playing the dominant role. Developing out of necessity and possessing temporary applicability, China’s emergency laws are characterized by authorization and prevention. Integrating emergency law with the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, formulating basic law for emergency situations and improving the specific mechanisms of emergency law should be regarded as major steps in its future development.     

贵州文化多样性与民族社会发展学术研讨会简述

2007年4月21-25日,由中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所《民族研究》杂志社、贵州大学及贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州政府共同主办,贵州大学人文学院承办的"贵州文化多样性与民族社会发展学术研讨会"在贵州凯里举行.     

关于族群关系、民族关系与社会关系的关系

"族群"与"民族"概念上存在着交叉关联.族群关系、民族关系都是一种社会关系,但社会关系不一定都构成民族关系,民族关系有时也不一定能够准确地表述特殊的社会关系,族群关系却可以化解民族关系表述的"潜在危机".族群关系、民族关系与社会关系的关系具有多向性、非对称性和动态性的特点.