尼泊尔登山旅游:村庄社区与旅游发展的影响——以高喜马拉雅Syabru Besi和Thulo Syabru村庄为例

通过评估尼泊尔两个村庄(高山村庄Syabru Besi和Thulo Syabru)实施的优质旅游项目合作试点社区的实施过程与现状,得出社区旅游的理论框架,即必须采取整体发展模式,注重本地社区参与机构建设,才能实现环境、社会、文化和经济等因素的可持续发展.     

作为文学研究者的尤里·洛特曼

尤里·洛特曼是享誉世界的符号学大师,也是一位以俄罗斯文学史为专业的语文学家,主要研究兴趣在18世纪和19世纪俄罗斯文学。本文尝试重新界定洛特曼的学术生产力,进而重新评估他在国际学术图谱,尤其在文学研究图谱上的知名度和影响力。文章从六个方面探讨洛特曼学术生涯中文学研究和符号学研究的内在联系：1.协同效应、综合知识和模式的影响力;2.文化史的灵活语境;3.方法论意义的部分-整体关系：渐进螺旋式阅读;4.文学符号学的内在开放性;5.跨界的创造本质;6.文本边界倍增和描写。总体看来,洛特曼的比较文学学与符号学相互促进。应重建洛特曼学术影响的国际接受史,展示其学术影响在不同的地理区域表现出的受限性和不均匀性。     

Strength of attachment: Survey coverage of people with tenuous ties to residences

This article draws on evidence from an exploratory survey of living situations to assess the validity of assumptions about residence and to offer methodological innovations to improve coverage of people with tenuous attachment to households. These innovations include more inclusive probes and questions used to compile the roster of household residents; a review of the places a person stayed the previous few months; and a Residential Attachment scale that measures strength of attachment to households. This scale shows that it takes more probing to list tenuously attached people than most surveys do, suggesting that tenuously attached people are likely to be omitted from the typical survey roster. The Residential Attachment scale is correlated with social and economic participation in households, suggesting that participation is fairly high even among those with tenuous or no residential attachment.     

The increase in marital status differences in mortality up to the oldest age in seven European countries, 1990-99

We investigate mortality differentials by marital status among older age groups using a database of mortality rates by marital status at ages 40 and over for seven European countries with 1 billion person-years of exposure. The mortality advantage of married people, both men and women, continues to increase up to at least the age group 85-89, the oldest group we are able to consider. We find the largest absolute differences in mortality levels between marital status groups are at high ages, and that absolute differentials are: (i) greater for men than for women; (ii) similar in magnitude across countries; (iii) increase steadily with age; and (iv) are greatest at older age. We also find that the advantage enjoyed by married people increased over the 1990s in almost all cases. We note that results for groups such as older divorced women need to be interpreted with caution.     

Understanding the bear movement in gay male culture: redefining masculinity

The bear movement emerged in the gay male culture of the 1980s, but little research on this group has been conducted. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the meanings and functions of bear identity. Six bear-identified men participated in intensive interviews investigating this question. Results suggest that men who identify as bears consciously adopt a masculine aesthetic that signifies values of self-acceptance and maturity. The participants described the acceptance of diverse body shapes and ages within the bear community as leading to positive self-esteem and body image. Results are discussed in relation to clinical and advocacy work. They broaden the awareness of the diversity of cultures that exist within the gay community.     

全球化与亚洲妇女的有酬劳动

１．引言近些年来,没有别的哪个概念像“全球化”这样引起如此之多的议论和争论。以此为关键词在网上一找,一下就找到了上千的论文和专著。全球化什么时候开始的？已经到了什么程度？全球化的世界将会是什么模样？它有没有使得国家过时,或是使之削弱？或者,如某些人申论的那样,它竟然反而在某些方面使国家得以加强？全球化是个经济的、政治的、文化的、社会的过程,抑或是无所不包？它对市民社会有什么影响？有些论者坚持说,全球化无非现代化进程或者资本主义发展的继续,另一些学者则宣称它是一种新现象。有些人认为全球化无可抗拒,另外一些…     

论当代新疆各民族文化转型及表现

当代新疆各民族文化的转型进程 ,是在改革开放进程的直接推动下发生的一种必然的和现实的过程。本世纪 2 0年代 ,美国学者皮萨尔提出文化具有显示文化和隐示文化这两个层次。所谓显示文化是指明显的表层的文化 ,即文化中使人能够耳闻目睹的 ,甚至可以看得见、摸得着 ,具有明确的形态和模式的层次。隐示文化则是一个与显示文化相对的概念 ,指的是文化中隐蔽的、深层的观念和模式。新疆各民族文化转型既表现在显示文化 ,即看得见、摸得着的那一层次上的变迁进程中 ,也表现在比较内在的、隐蔽的、深层的观念和模式 ,即所谓的隐示文化层次的变迁…     

新时期的高校民族团结教育及其路径选择

在当前国际国内形势巨变的新时期,我国高校开展和加强民族团结教育显得尤为迫切和重要,高校民族团结教育的路径选择问题值得深入探讨.本文首先对有关民族团结教育问题的研究进行了简单回顾,然后指明了在高校进行民族团结教育的重大意义,接着从制度、物质、思想三个方面就开展和加强民族团结教育的相关保障问题进行探讨,最后从课堂教育、活动教育、实践教育、其他途径等四个方面就民族团结教育的方式方法提出了相关建议.     

印度东北与中国西南的民族志诗歌

印度东北与中国西南在地域上山水相连,相互之间的文化交流是非常密切的。这个区域里居住着众多的民族或族群,他们的文化相似性和可比性是很明显的。从跨国的视角来探寻文化互动或文化个性,这是一个理想的地域。这些不同民族或族群身份的诗人写作的民族志诗歌是探寻各自文化共性和个性的较好途径：虽然诗歌创作过程中采用不同的语言,印度东北的土著诗人通常用英语写作,中国西南少数民族诗人经常用汉语写作,但是这些诗人都受到了近代西方现代主义诗歌潮流的影响。同时,这些诗人的诗歌也受到了当下全球化的影响,比如本民族传统文化与文化教育现代化、全球生态环境日益恶化等等冲突的影响。因为受到了相似的影响,这个区域内的民族志诗歌的风格和肌理是可以比较的;诗歌的主题和内容也是可以展开对比研究的。     

多样化的现代性:全球化时代中的基督教、伊斯兰教和印度教

20世纪晚期 ,作为跨地域文化系统的世界宗教发生了影响深远的变化。本文旨在考察基督教、伊斯兰教和印度教三大宗教最近之变迁的政治性和意义。文章重点讨论那些重构宗教意义和权威的诸多力量的本质、推动归信和标准化的过程以及这些宗教重构对我们理解后期现代性本身的启发。本文认为 ,尽管现代性是多样化的 ,每个传统也都是独特的 ,但由于大众社会的全球化和晚期现代性的多元主义的缘故 ,所有这些宗教都面临着一个相似的困境