Household Assets,the Role of Government Assistance,and Depression Among Low-Income Families in Shanghai

As China’s economy is rapidly changing from a planned to a capitalist economy, many families find themselves financially struggling. In some cases, conflicting values and attitudes may contribute to mental health challenges such as depression that would lead to further feelings of helplessness and immobilization. Using a random sample of 1006 low-income households from Pudong District of Shanghai, China, this study aims to examine the relationships between household assets, beliefs about government as the primary way to improve economic circumstances and self-reported depressive symptoms. In addition, this study investigates the mediation effects of beliefs that government is the best change agent for improved life circumstances on the relationship between household assets and depression. We found those who indicated that government was the main means for attaining a better life had significantly higher depression levels whereas higher numbers of household assets were associated with lower depression levels. We also found that viewing government as the most important change agent only partially mediated the relationship between household assets and depression (p?<?.001). Findings from this study support anti-poverty policies and social work related practice initiatives aimed at assisting low income families in China, in particular the need to address psychological as well as economic needs.

     

Minimum 2-distance coloring of planar graphs and channel assignment

A 2-distance k-coloring of a graph G is a proper k-coloring such that any two vertices at distance two get different colors. \(\chi _{2}(G)\)=min{k|G has a 2-distance k-coloring}. Wegner conjectured that for each planar graph G with maximum degree \(\Delta \), \(\chi _2(G) \le 7\) if \(\Delta \le 3\), \(\chi _2(G) \le \Delta +5\) if \(4\le \Delta \le 7\) and \(\chi _2(G) \le \lfloor \frac{3\Delta }{2}\rfloor +1\) if \(\Delta \ge 8\). In this paper, we prove that: (1) If G is a planar graph with maximum degree \(\Delta \le 5\), then \(\chi _{2}(G)\le 20\); (2) If G is a planar graph with maximum degree \(\Delta \ge 6\), then \(\chi _{2}(G)\le 5\Delta -7\).     

Blocking Rumor by Cut

In this paper, a rumor blocking problem is studied with an objective function which is neither submodular or supermodular. We will prove that this problem is NP-hard and give a data-dependent approximation with sandwich method. In addition, we show that every set function has a pair of monotone nondecreasing modular functions as upper bound and lower bound, respectively.     

《滇南盐法图·安宁井》的图形与技术文献志研究

本文使用图形阅读与历史考证的方法,对国家博物馆的一级收藏品<滇南盐法图>中的第五帧图画"安宁井"进行了研究.第一,对<滇南盐法图>的作者李苾进行了初步的考证.第二,通过图形阅读,对<滇南盐法图·安宁井>提供的信息进行了详细的解读和分析.第三,对云南几十种文献进行了搜集整理,纵向梳理了安宁井从汉代到民国时期的发展历程,为中国科技文献的图画类资料的研究提供了一个具有参考意义的个案研究.     

中国城市化波动的解释:工业化波动和服务化波动的冲击

文章利用消除趋势法得到的城市化、工业化和服务化的周期成分度量城市化、工业化和服务化的波动,并简要分析了中国城市化、工业化和服务化的波动特点。研究结果表明,中国城市化波动可以划分为6个不同的发展阶段;工业化波动最为剧烈,服务化波动最为平缓,城市化波动介于二者之间;城市化波动滞后于服务化波动,服务化波动滞后于工业化波动;城市化波动主要源于自身波动的冲击,工业化波动和服务化波动冲击的影响较小;城市化波动分别对工业化波动和服务化波动的脉冲响应曲线均为明显的正弦波,但脉冲响应时滞及冲击力度明显不同;工业化波动对城市化波动具有显著的负向影响,服务化波动对城市化波动具有显著的正向影响。     

美国未成年人案件保密性原则及其松动

美国未成年人案件保密性原则在司法实践中比较复杂。基于"双轨制"现实,未成年人身份过错、偏差及轻微犯罪案件通常由少年法院审理;而对于较严重的未成年人刑事案件,则会移送至刑事(成人)法院审理。对于后者,因其刑事性质,被移送受审的未成年人将被视为成年人受审,其案件庭审及记录除特殊情形外原则上不予保密。而对于前者,此类案件大体上适用保密性原则。不过随着对儿童利益最佳原则及防卫社会的双向反思,对在少年司法体系内的较严重犯罪案件与虐待、遗弃及照管不良等案件,少年法院保密性原则亦有较大松动。     

共生互补:黄道婆文化重构价值的终极目标——评《文化失忆与记忆重构———黄道婆文化解读》

在学界,讨论价值重构的很多,但是讨论重构价值的少。谭晓静博士的《文化失忆与记忆重构--黄道婆文化解读》［1］就探讨了黄道婆文化的重构价值。在这部书中,谭博士系统阐释了黄道婆从历史人物到行业神,再到文化名人,最终成为被争夺的文化资源的原因及过程;描述和分析了的黄道婆文化记忆在上海的保存形式、传递方式、建构结构以及不同人对黄道婆文化记忆的解读;从史志失载、口头叙事断裂、标志性建筑消失三个方面分析了黄道婆文化在海南失忆的原因、失去记忆的内容以及对海南社会发展的影响;分析了黄道婆文化记忆重构的现实价值;创造性地提出,应构建一种文化系统内的文化共生互补模式,合理利用有限的文化资源实现各发展主题的共赢模式。     

法儒道三家人生哲学比较研究

法家学说以人性恶为理论前提,主张任法治世,故视其为"恶人学说";儒家学说则以人性本善为基,强调道德仁义,着意于为平常生活中的平常之人建造和谐生活的秩序,故视其为"常人学说";道家学说则主张用自然无为之道教化民众、经营人生,超越而远识,故视其为"圣人学说"。三家人生哲学当互涵统摄,兼取并用,方是人类长治久安之道。     

基于社区视角下的农村环境管理探讨

市场机制对农村环境管理具有灵活性、低成本性,但是由于环境问题的外部性,市场失灵容易发生.运用政府管制手段可以加强环境管理的公平性,但是由于环境治理的政府主导型特征,政府失灵容易发生.社区作为介于政府与市场之间的第三部门,可以运用其独特的社会资本参与环境管理,以其自身所具有的灵活性、低成本性、信息优势和高效性,克服市场失灵和政府失灵现象.     

试析民主革命时期毛泽东统战思想的若干特点

毛泽东的统一战线思想发生、发展、成熟于中国革命的过程中。毛泽东在长期领导中国革命的历史过程中对统一战线作了一系列具有独创性的论述,并且呈现了若干特点。这些特点主要是：战略上的预见性,策略上的灵活性,精髓上的继承性以及表述上的细致性。