可持续发展社会运行机制：竞争·协同·和谐理论

本文讨论了可持续发展社会的运行机制,认为可持续发展社会是竞争、协同与和谐的统一体,规范的竞争是社会发展的不竭动力,积极的协同是社会运行内禀的制约与稳态机制,能使社会导向其更高层次的目标,和谐是使社会保持其发展活力的机制.     

导数与微分概念的推广

本文将数学分析中单值函数f:R→R 的导数与微分的概念推广到向量值函数f :Rn →Rm 和集值函数f:Rn → 2 Rm 上     

Gerrymandering in a hierarchical legislature

Theory and Decision - We build a multiple hierarchical model of a representative democracy in which citizens elect ward representatives, ward representatives elect county representatives, county...     

论舆论监督的法律制约

舆论监督是法律赋予新闻媒体的一项职能。它既受法律保护 ,又受法律制约。为避免舆论监督与国家和公民的其他权利之间发生矛盾和冲突 ,舆论监督必须在按照新闻规律办事的前提下 ,依法维护媒体、国家和公民的正当权益。随着社会的不断进步和发展 ,舆论监督的功能还有待进一步发挥     

只有经过民主主义才能到达社会主义

毛泽东同志在中共七大政治报告中说“只有经过民主主义，才能到达社会主义，这是马克思主义的天经地义。”文章对这一论断的科学性及其现实意义进行了论证，并在此基础之上提出，在我国现阶段，这一“马克思主义的天经地义”表现为只有经过初级阶段的社会主义才能到达一般意义上的社会主义，或者说，只有经过“不够格”的社会主义才能到达“够格”的社会主义。     

Nash implementable domains for the Borda count

We characterize the preference domains on which the Borda count satisfies Maskin monotonicity. The basic concept is the notion of a “cyclic permutation domain” which arises by fixing one particular ordering of alternatives and including all its cyclic permutations. The cyclic permutation domains are exactly the maximal domains on which the Borda count is strategy-proof when combined with every possible tie breaking rule. It turns out that the Borda count is monotonic on a larger class of domains. We show that the maximal domains on which the Borda count satisfies Maskin monotonicity are the “cyclically nested permutation domains” which are obtained from the cyclic permutation domains in an appropriately specified recursive way. We thank József Mala for posing the question of Nash implementability on restricted domains that led to this research. We are very grateful to two anonymous referees and an associate editor for their helpful comments and suggestions. The second author gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA) through the Bolyai János research fellowship.     

发展小城镇与实现城乡一体化

城乡一体化是推进我国城市化和实现农业现代化的客观要求。小城镇处于农村之首、城市之尾 ,在城乡一体化发展中有着非常重要的作用。通过建设小城镇 ,可以逐步实现城乡工业一体化、城乡市场一体化、农村人口城市化 ,进而达到城乡经济、科技、社会协调发展的目标     

Projecting Long-Term Care Expenditure in Four European Union Member States: The Influence of Demographic Scenarios

This study examines the sensitivity of future long-term care demand and expenditure estimates to official demographic projections in four selected European countries: Germany, Spain, Italy and the United Kingdom. It uses standardised methodology in the form of a macro-simulation exercise and finds evidence for significant differences in assumptions about demographic change and its effect on the demand for long-term care, and on relative and absolute long-term care expenditure. It concludes that mortality-rate assumptions can have a considerable influence on welfare policy planning. Relative dispersion between country-specific and Eurostat official estimates was found to be higher for the United Kingdom and Germany than for Italy and Spain, suggesting that demographic projections had a greater influence in those countries.

论影响明代后期通俗小说刊刻的主要因素

本文认为影响明代后期通俗小说刊刻的主要因素是 :与特定的社会经济发展状况有关 ;与当时的印刷业的发展也有一定的关系 ;与明代后期社会浓郁的尚情风气有关 ;与当时的小说理论有一定的关系