黄庭坚谪居黔州交游考述

黄庭坚谪居黔州期间,虽出于全身避祸和害怕累及他人的考虑而经常"谢病杜门",但无论是山谷从前的旧交好友,还是在黔中刚结识的新知同僚、巴蜀后学,非但不以罪臣视之,反而主动与之联系并于诗人照拂有加。而诗人亦尽可能地为前来向他请益求教的两川士人提供帮助,尤其乐于为他们指明"进学畜德"之途,对南北文化的交流与传播和当地人才的培养等做出了巨大的贡献。同时,巴蜀士人的人道关怀,不但使诗人得以度过患难,而且也使诗人的思想和创作发生了巨大变化。     

经济增长的源泉：回顾与反思

在一个制度高度稳定的社会中,市场经济有序运行,那么,技术创新就成为最重要的因素。例如,美国在20世纪90年代,信息产业的发展成为美国新经济的发动机。同一时期的中国,尚处于计划经济向市场经济的转型期,制度的不完善成为发展的最大障碍,严肃立法、严格执法成为当时政府的重要任务。     

Refined Inference on Long Memory in Realized Volatility

There is an emerging consensus in empirical finance that realized volatility series typically display long range dependence with a memory parameter (d) around 0.4 (Andersen et al., 2001; Martens et al., 2004). The present article provides some illustrative analysis of how long memory may arise from the accumulative process underlying realized volatility. The article also uses results in Lieberman and Phillips (2004, 2005) to refine statistical inference about d by higher order theory. Standard asymptotic theory has an O(n^-1/2) error rate for error rejection probabilities, and the theory used here refines the approximation to an error rate of o(n^-1/2). The new formula is independent of unknown parameters, is simple to calculate and user-friendly. The method is applied to test whether the reported long memory parameter estimates of Andersen et al. (2001) and Martens et al. (2004) differ significantly from the lower boundary (d = 0.5) of nonstationary long memory, and generally confirms earlier findings.     

民族文化译介的韩礼德功能阐释——以唐诗《怨情》英译文对比分析为例

近年来,国内译学界出现了从功能语法角度对民族文化译介进行分析的新思路,即以韩礼德三大纯理功能为出发点,对中国古典民族文化文本的传译进行系统功能阐释。基于此,本文以李白《怨情》一诗为例,对多位海外译者的英译文从概念功能角度进行了对比分析,旨在借助功能语法折射海外译者译介中国古典民族文化的种种现象,以期进一步证实功能视角阐释民族文化译介的可行性和意义。     

改进灰色预测在油田多目标规划决策中的应用

建立了S油田勘探、开发、炼化、机械、公用工程等多个部门和全局的非线性多级目标优化规划模型,应用关联分析、改进灰色预测、回归分析求取规划模型的约束方程并线性化;编制了相应的计算软件,使之快速预测和优化油田各部门“九五”各年的投资和产值;并将优化结果与油田过去或计划值加以对比,给油田规划决策带来一定的参考。     

Automobile prices and protection: The U.S.-Japan trade restraint

We examine the effects of the U.S.-Japan trade restraint on automobile prices and quality upgrading, for both Japanese imports and American small cars. From April 1981 to April 1984 the suggested retail price of all Japanese models increased by 15.8 percent, or 5.3 percent per year. We find that nearly the entire amount of this rise can be explained by the upgrading of individual models. This upgrading may benefit consumers who would purchase a luxury import in any case, but harms those who desire the basic imports. In addition to upgrading, we conclude that a second cost of the trade restraint has been to prevent the yen depreciation from being passed onto American consumers, in terms of lower imported auto prices. For U.S. small cars we find a 9.1 percent rise in the suggested retail price, or 3 percent per year, with a fraction of this amount due to model upgrading. If the yen depreciation had led to lower import prices without the trade restraint, then we expect that U.S. auto prices would have been lower, too.     

Strategic planning in smaller rapid growth companies

The research reported in this article is based on a study of the strategic planning practices of the 500 fastest growing privately held smaller companies in the United States ranked according to percentage of sales increases from 1978 to 1982.^p1 Based on the information provided, a clear picture emerges regarding the actual role of strategic planning in rapid growth companies.     

Empirical Non-Parametric Control Charts: Estimation Effects and Corrections

Owing to the extreme quantiles involved, standard control charts are very sensitive to the effects of parameter estimation and non-normality. More general parametric charts have been devised to deal with the latter complication and corrections have been derived to compensate for the estimation step, both under normal and parametric models. The resulting procedures offer a satisfactory solution over a broad range of underlying distributions. However, situations do occur where even such a large model is inadequate and nothing remains but to consider non- parametric charts. In principle, these form ideal solutions, but the problem is that huge sample sizes are required for the estimation step. Otherwise the resulting stochastic error is so large that the chart is very unstable, a disadvantage that seems to outweigh the advantage of avoiding the model error from the parametric case. Here we analyse under what conditions non-parametric charts actually become feasible alternatives for their parametric counterparts. In particular, corrected versions are suggested for which a possible change point is reached at sample sizes that are markedly less huge (but still larger than the customary range). These corrections serve to control the behaviour during in-control (markedly wrong outcomes of the estimates only occur sufficiently rarely). The price for this protection will clearly be some loss of detection power during out-of-control. A change point comes in view as soon as this loss can be made sufficiently small.