排序方式: 共有87条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
61.
This paper examines the recent development of the açaí fruit economy in regional Amazonian urban markets (as a staple food) and more recently among national and international consumers (as a fashion food) and the consequences for agroforestry intensification by Caboclo communities in the Amazon estuary. The paper is based on long-term ethnographic research and field experiments; the açaí fruit economy is discussed from agricultural, social, and economic perspectives; attention is given to its historical development, the structure of açaí fruit production, its agents, the relationship among themselves and the urban market. Decadal price performance is presented for açaí fruit and açaí transportation costs and compared to major agropastoral products for the Eastern Amazon region. Dominant views about the economic rationality of rural producers' decision-making are discussed. Açaí fruit has performed as well as and in some cases surpassed most agro-pastoral products of the Northern region. Economic returns for producers reflect linkages between price signals from urban markets, harvesting decision, and land tenure condition of the producer. Urban markets for the fruit is expanding and bringing new participants to the açaí fruit economy further conditioning the ability of rural producers to take advantage of external markets for forest products. Discussion of factors conditioning agricultural development and integration between urban and rural areas conclude the article. 相似文献
62.
Piercy F Banker J Traylor R Krug S Castanos C Cole E Ciafardini AJ Jordal C Rodgers B Stewart S Goodwin A 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2008,34(2):210-226
The authors of this article include the professor and most of the students in a doctoral course on marriage and family therapy ethical and professional issues that met the semester that a disturbed student shot and killed 32 Virginia Tech students and faculty before killing himself. In this article, we reflect through short essays on issues related to the tragedy, ethics, and recovery. 相似文献
63.
Psychological Thriving Among Latinas With Chronic Illness 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ana F. Abraído-Lanza Carolina Guier & Rose Marie Colón 《The Journal of social issues》1998,54(2):405-424
This study utilizes a 3-year longitudinal design to explore factors that promote thriving among Latinas facing multiple adversity: poverty and chronic illness (specifically, arthritis). From a thriving paradigm, focus is placed on understanding the positive growth and thriving experiences reported by respondents, as well as the social, cultural, and personal resources that promote thriving. In the baseline interview, we employed a qualitative methodology to understand women's experiences of thriving. Women reported a variety of such experiences, the most frequent being enhanced appreciation of life. In the follow-up study, we created a thriving scale based on responses generated at the initial interview and prior research, then examined which of a number of social/cultural and personal factors predicted thriving 3 years after the initial assessment. Only measures of competence (self-esteem and self-efficacy) and psychological well-being were related to thriving. Path analyses testing the causal sequence of these variables revealed that negative affect contributed to decreased self-efficacy and self-esteem, but it did not have a direct or indirect effect on thriving. Greater self-esteem positively predicted thriving. In contrast, positive affect did not contribute to either measure of competence, but had a direct effect on thriving. Results suggest that psychological well-being (not ill-being) promotes thriving. 相似文献
64.
Ximena de-Toro Consuagra Dariela Sharim Kovalskys Carmina Puig-Cruells Carolina Muñoz-Guzmán 《Child & Family Social Work》2023,28(4):1139-1149
The therapeutic alliance is among the factors associated with positive results in therapy and has been extensively studied in psychotherapy. However, it has received less attention in social work and family intervention. Considering that such intervention occurs mainly within the framework of institutions and public policies, this article aims to identify the contextual factors that facilitate or hinder the therapeutic alliance between family members and social workers within the child protection system, taking the Chilean protection system as a case study. This longitudinal study followed six professional–caregiver dyads for 11 months using various qualitative techniques. The facilitating factors included the strengths approach of the child protection agency, family participation, a friendly work environment, and external supervision from a senior social worker. Among the obstacles were the high numbers of cases per professional, the undervaluing of their work, excessive workloads, stigma towards the system, and the mandatory nature of services. Facilitating factors were linked to the initiatives of the protection agency, while limitations were related to the type of welfare system. Similar obstacles and facilitators were found at the international level regardless of the kind of child protection system. The study concludes with recommendations for decision-makers and social worker educators. 相似文献
65.
66.
Work organization affects the production of a company as well as the health of employees. It is a challenge to create sustainable production systems with the least harm to the health. An observational assessment tool was developed by the NIOSH--WMSD Research Consortium and adapted by the SHARP study. The objectives were to translate this assessment tool into Brazilian Portuguese (as the Avalia??o de Aspectos Organizacionais do Trabalho--AOT) and to evaluate its applicability in an industrial setting. The AOT final translated version was obtained after a consensus by the research team. Difficulties arose in applying the translated version due to technical terms with no direct equivalents in Portuguese, nonexcluding or similar alternatives, and questions that gave room for various interpretations, besides the great complexity of the tasks performed in the sectors. Despite that, the results suggest that AOT was sensitive for discriminating differences between sectors. Nevertheless, for better application of this tool in complex industrial environments, it is necessary: training and consensus among evaluators, familiarity with organizational aspects of the occupational settings evaluated. Also for assuring the internal validity of the analysis, might be necessary, the creation of subdivisions in the sectors evaluated if the tasks vary significantly intra-sector. The present report can help to understand the difficulties inherent to the evaluation of organizational aspects on a collective level and also the possible implications related to the translation of this assessment into other languages. 相似文献
67.
Considering the goal of Ergonomic Work Analysis to establish, from the point of view of workers, safe, healthy, comfortable and efficient environments, this study propose to analyze the work situation of machine operators at five joineries from Florianópolis-SC. For this, it was applied the LEST Method to evaluate the task made by the operators, considering the physical, cognitive and organizational work environment. As results, it was identified the main ergonomics problems of these workstations, presenting an ergonomic diagnosis and their implications on health and safety of workers. As result, it was concluded that the main ergonomics problems at joineries are related with noise, with constant load of weight and with the postures taken. Besides these problems, others were diagnosed, for example, the pressure for workers to comply strictly the task stipulated and also the poor training and capacity of workers. 相似文献
68.
Rachel Galvao Nicola L. Hawley Carolina Silveira da Silva Mariângela F. Silveira 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(5):e310-e317
Background
In Brazil, 88% of births among women with private insurance are caesarean sections, even though a caesarean rate above 15% is associated with greater maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Aiming to reduce unnecessary caesarean sections in the private sector, in July 2015 the Brazilian government enacted Resolução Normativa 368, a regulation requiring the use of partograms, pre-natal cards to document pregnancies, and consent forms for elective caesareans, and recommending that obstetricians provide women with an informational letter about birth.Aims
This study aimed to describe Brazilian women’s experiences deciding their mode of birth and obstetricians’ roles in this decision-making process after Resolução Normativa 368’s enactment.Methods
Interviews were conducted with obstetricians (n = 8) and women who had recently given birth (n = 19) in Pelotas, Brazil, and the constant comparative method was used to identify emergent themes.Findings
Resolução Normativa 368’s provisions do not appear to affect decision-making about birth mode. Reportedly, consent forms were rarely used, and were viewed as bureaucratic formalities. Obstetricians described consistent use of pre-natal cards and partograms, but all participants were unaware of informational letters about birth. Moreover, women viewed caesarean sections as a way to avoid pain, and obstetricians felt that vaginal birth’s long duration, unpredictability, and low remuneration contribute to high caesarean section rates.Conclusions
Improved enforcement of Resolução Normativa 368, accompanied by structural changes like an on-call schedule and higher compensation for vaginal births in the private sector, could better inform patients about modes of birth and incentivise physicians to encourage vaginal birth. 相似文献69.
70.
Ramiro Figueiredo Catelan Angelo Brandelli Costa Carolina Saraiva de Macedo Lisboa 《心理学和人类性特征杂志》2017,29(4):325-337
This study aimed to investigate psychological interventions for transgender persons, aiming to highlight their goals, theoretical background and methods. A scoping review was conducted in four databases, ranging from 1980 to 2015. Selection led to a final sample of 36 articles. The goals of psychological interventions are unclearly described in many studies. Different background theories were identified and in some studies, these were not clearly explained and presented no epistemological considerations. The publishing of more empirical studies, with an affirmative standpoint toward gender identity and stricter scientific rigor, is needed to support and strengthen interventions. 相似文献