The outsourcing of primary activities: theoretical analysis and propositions

There is a considerable literature comparing the virtues of markets and hierarchies as alternative governance structures for economic transactions. But governance decisions are not simple dichotomous choices, and there has been increasing recent interest in the ‘swollen middle’ of hybrid organisational forms that combine market and hierarchical elements. One such hybrid is outsourcing, which has become a topic of considerable contemporary interest both in business circles and within the academic literature. The main contribution of this paper has been to combine the insights of resource dependency theory, the resource-based view of the firm, and transaction cost economics to provide both an explanation for the outsourcing of primary activities and a set of testable propositions about firms’ propensities of outsource.     

Data aggregation for <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-median problems

In this paper, we use a pseudo-Boolean formulation of the p-median problem and using data aggregation, provide a compact representation of p-median problem instances. We provide computational results to demonstrate this compactification in benchmark instances. We then use our representation to explain why some p-median problem instances are more difficult to solve to optimality than other instances of the same size. We also derive a preprocessing rule based on our formulation, and describe equivalent p-median problem instances, which are identical sized instances which are guaranteed to have identical optimal solutions.     

Remarks on the consumer problem under incomplete preferences

This article revisits the standard results of demand theory when the preference relation is a continuous preorder that admits an equicontinuous multi-utility representation. We study the consumer problem as the constrained maximization of a continuous vector-valued utility mapping, and show how to rederive those results. In particular, we provide a link between the literature on vector optimization and the analysis of the consumer problem under incomplete preferences.     

英汉照应对比与科技英语语篇翻译

熙应是语法衔接系统中的一种,可以使语篇在结构上更加紧凑,从而使语篇成为衔接的整体。科技英语语篇属一种专业领域的语篇,对其照应系统的探讨有助于译者正确理解具体所指及其获得恰当的泽语。     

股权结构与股权代理成本——以我国上市公司为例

本文以我国上市公司为样本,采取典型相关分析的方法对我国上市公司股权结构与股权代理成本之间的关系进行了理论分析和实证检验。研究表明,提高股权集中度、股权制衡度、管理层持股比例,降低国有股比例并增加债务融资比例有助于降低上市公司股权代理成本,提高上市公司财务治理效率。     

现代文明难题与儒家美德合理性基础论证

现代社会文明存在着诸多难题。如何解决"得"、"德"的矛盾关系,现代道德文明建构中的双重困境与道德与生活关系的处理,困扰着当代中国人。"麦金太尔问题"与"海因兹困境"等命题的提出,不仅揭示了伦理—社会价值生态,也对现代社会道德合理性的基础提出了疑问。通过对儒家美德的现代性批判可以论证其在当代中国社会存在的合理性,也为现代文明难题的化解提供了尝试。     

对马克思主义哲学研究的反思与前瞻——全国“辩证唯物主义研究会理论研讨会”综述

马克思主义哲学与社会主义历史命运”理论研讨会 ,在新中国成立五十周年之际召开。研讨会回顾了我国五十年来发展的历史 ,从哲学上总结经验教训 ,展望未来发展 ,探讨建设有中国特色社会主义的重大理论和实际问题 :并总结五十年来马克思主义哲学发展的经验教训 ,展望马克思主义哲学在新世纪的发展趋势     

加强当代中国的哲学对话

对话是哲学的本性。经济全球化推动着文化的交往与对话,呼唤着新时期的哲学对话。哲学对话不仅应当在不同民族和地域的哲学之间展开,也应当在不同哲学分支学科间积极进行。1978年以来中国大陆的哲学研究在分化中取得了巨大的进步,却也带来了哲学学科的内部隔离和思想藩篱,造成了很大的危害,应当引起足够重视,更需要有真实平等和有效的哲学对话。在当前中国大陆的哲学研究中,最为重要的哲学对话应当在中国哲学、西方哲学和马克思主义哲学之间自觉和有效地展开。为此,应当以开放的心态努力超越哲学内部的思想隔障,强化哲学作为“爱智慧”的“超越性”本性,注意在哲学观念的层面上加强沟通,以现时代的重大理论和实践问题为纽带,在哲学与实践的良性互动关系中以真正哲学的方式开展哲学对话,促进当代中国哲学的内部整合和形态建构。     

Resolving the Trust Predicament: A Quantum Game-theoretic Approach

Developing a good theoretical understanding of the role of trust in IR (such as in the events leading to the end of the Cold War) is still an open problem. Most game-theoretic studies of trust do not go beyond the limitations of an (ontologically) individualistic paradigm, thus assuming a pre-defined set of individual strategies. Yet, it is a fact that the predicament of collective trust is empirically resolved in many situations. This paper suggests a new game-theoretic approach—Quantum Game Theory (QGT)—to understand and explain how the predicament of trust is resolved. In a quantum game of trust the actors play the game by simultaneously collectively reconstructing the strategic environment in such a way as to become mutually strategically entangled. Quantum strategic entanglement allows trust to emerge between the two actors without assuming a need for signaling, prior “contract” type of arrangement, or any form of third-party communication. The paper develops and solves such a model of quantum game of trust     

Relative Risk Aversion: What Do We Know?

The relative risk aversion measure that represents the risk preferences of a decision maker depends on the outcome variable that is used as the argument of the utility function, and on the way that outcome variable is defined or measured. In addition, the relationship between any two such relative risk aversion measures is determined by the relationship between the corresponding outcome variables. These well-known facts are used to adjust several reported estimates of relative risk aversion so that those estimates can be directly compared with one another. After adjustment, the significant variation in the reported relative risk aversion measures for representative decision makers is substantially reduced. JEL Classification: D81