我国流动人口的流入地分布变动趋势研究

利用1982年以来的历次全国人口普查和1%人口抽样调查的数据,本文从区域、省份、城市等层面分析了流动人口流入地分布的变动趋势。流动人口的流入地分布呈现明显的集中趋势。从区域层面来说,流动人口越来越向东部地区集中,越来越向东部和南部沿海地区集中;从省级层面来说,流动人口越来越集中流向少数省份,前5个流动人口最多的省(市、区)吸纳了全国一半的流动人口;从城市层面来说,流动人口越来越集中流向少数城市,表现出突出的极化现象;进入新世纪以来,我国正在形成一个由35个左右城市构成的沿海城市带,它们吸收了全国半数以上的流动人口。流动人口流入地分布的这种集中趋势将会继续保持下去,此乃制定与流动人口相关政策和制度的基本出发点和前提。     

中国农村最低生活保障标准研究

随着经济的发展,国家扶贫力度的加大,中国贫困人口分布呈现出分散分布的格局。新时期扶贫的思路转变为将农村贫困人口纳入最低生活保障制度范畴。东部沿海经济发展较好的城市已逐步在建立农村最低生活保障制度。农村最低生活保障制度的建立为缓解农村贫困提供了美好的蓝图,但有许多问题需要解决。其中,最低生活保障的标准怎么制定是一个关键问题,也是国际社会比较关注的焦点。本文拟就在新世纪提高农村扶贫标准政策下制定农村最低生活保障标准的相关问题进行探讨。     

基于地理加权回归的山区人口分布影响因素实证研究——以贵州省毕节地区为例

山区人口分布受多种经济、社会等非空间因素的影响外,还与不同区域的地理分布有密切关系。文章以贵州省毕节地区为例,以乡镇区域为研究单元,运用地理加权回归(GWR)分析方法,兼与全局普通二乘法(OLS)方法进行比较,研究人口密度和经济、社会、自然等因素的空间相关关系。研究表明,社会经济因素对毕节山区人口分布的影响大于自然环境因素的影响;海拔对毕节山区人口分布的影响不如坡度的影响显著;综合经济实力、城镇化水平、交通条件和地形条件的好坏与其对人口分布的影响大小呈反相关,而医疗条件的好坏与其对人口分布的影响大小呈正相关。因此,"加强城镇建设、鼓励人口聚集,加强生态移民工作、保护资源环境"是未来毕节地区相关政策的基础。     

城乡统筹发展机理及其战略选择

城乡统筹意味着投资于工业和农业的相同资源所得到的收益之间无显著差异.一个关于投资决策的规划模型显示出:城乡协同发展的条件由市场交易价格、工业产品和农业产品的劳动生产率、工业产品和农业产品生产的投资水平、不同产品生产的专业化程度等参数共同进行刻画和描述,并由此揭示出城乡统筹发展的战略选择.     

湖南科学跨越发展的理性解读

近年来,湖南省树立了在科学发展基础谋求跨越前进的新理念,着力实施在化危为机中“弯道超车”、构建“两型”（资源节约型、环境友好型）与“三新”（新型工业化、新型城市化、新农村建设）良性互动机制,营造干事创业社会氛围等新措施,积极推进“一化三基”（推进新型工业化,加强基础设施,基础产业,基础工作）、实现“两个转变”（由总体小康向全面小康的转变,加快由农业大省向工业大省的转变）、建设“三个强省”（经济强省、教育强省、文化强省）、守住“四条底线”（守住粮食生产、生态环境、节能减排、改善民生四条底线不突破）,努力积累经济、制度竞争新优势,实现后发赶超、富民强省目标。     

城镇居民家庭财产性收入研究

 近几年来,我国城镇居民家庭的财产性收入增长迅速,但其占家庭总收入比重还是很低。为实现“让更多群众拥有财产性收入”,提高居民的整体收入水平,本文对城镇居民家庭财产性收入进行系统深入的研究,提出收入——财产（生活型和投资型）——财产性收入三者相联关系的观点,分析近几年我国城镇居民家庭财产和财产性收入的现状和值得关注问题,并发现财产性收入增长受家庭财产、居民个人因素、经济发展、制度安排和投资市场的影响,最后有针对性提出增加城镇居民家庭财产性收入的对策建议。     

关于武汉市构建城市和谐民族关系调控机制的调研报告

随着改革开放的深入和社会主义市场经济的发展 ,城市化进程逐步加快 ,民族散居化日趋明显 ,城市民族问题日益突出 ,城市民族关系面临着新形势和新问题。本文以武汉市为个案 ,对当前城市民族关系的特点、影响城市民族关系的主要因素进行了调查和分析 ,结合武汉市民族工作实践提出了要构建城市和谐民族关系调控机制的观点 ,并从加强调控主体、完善调控手段、确立调控效果评估体系等方面对调控机制进行了研究探讨。     

Study on Time Expectancy of Care for Daily Living of Chinese Elderly

According to the data of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS)and applyin g methods of Sullivan and multistate life table,this paper examines the time expectancy of care for daily living of Chinese elderly and its proportion in their elderly life.The results find that there exists a signifi cant gender gap of the expectancy,which the male at 65averagely are expected to have four to five care years while the female at 65averagely are expected to have seven to eight care years.The time expectancy for slight care of daily living is longer than that for sever care.Additionally,there is no significant difference between urban elderly and rural elderly.However,as age increases,the time expectancy for slight care goes down while that for sever care stabilities at a constant at different ages.The time expectancy for different types of care and its proportion in the rest of life are significantly various.The study points out that the establishment and improvement of care insurance system and the elderly care service are very necessary.     

The FARSEEING real-world fall repository: a large-scale collaborative database to collect and share sensor signals from real-world falls

Background

Real-world fall events objectively measured by body-worn sensors can improve the understanding of fall events in older people. However, these events are rare and hence challenging to capture. Therefore, the FARSEEING (FAll Repository for the design of Smart and sElf-adaptive Environments prolonging Independent livinG) consortium and associated partners started to build up a meta-database of real-world falls.

Results

Between January 2012 and December 2015 more than 300 real-world fall events have been recorded. This is currently the largest collection of real-world fall data recorded with inertial sensors. A signal processing and fall verification procedure has been developed and applied to the data. Since the end of 2015, 208 verified real-world fall events are available for analyses. The fall events have been recorded within several studies, with different methods, and in different populations. All sensor signals include at least accelerometer measurements and 58 % additionally include gyroscope and magnetometer measurements. The collection of data is ongoing and open to further partners contributing with fall signals. The FARSEEING consortium also aims to share the collected real-world falls data with other researchers on request.

Conclusions

The FARSEEING meta-database will help to improve the understanding of falls and enable new approaches in fall risk assessment, fall prevention, and fall detection in both aging and disease.