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221.
Pedro Alexandre Costa Rute Almeida Cátia Anselmo André Ferreira Henrique Pereira Isabel Leal 《Journal of homosexuality》2014,61(12):1667-1686
The purpose of this study was to explore university students’ attitudes toward same-sex parenting and toward gay and lesbian rights. A total of 292 participants, aged between 18 and 27 (M = 21) responded to a questionnaire measuring attitudes toward parenting by gay men and lesbians, gay and lesbian rights, and beliefs about the etiology of homosexuality. Results revealed that the majority of students were against gay and lesbian parenting, gay and lesbian equal rights, and believed that homosexuality has a social/environmental basis. It was found that sexual prejudice is highly prevalent in Portuguese university students, and implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
222.
Gibrán Cruz-Martínez 《Social indicators research》2014,119(3):1295-1317
There is an ongoing debate between focalization and universalization on welfare policies as the best way to develop the welfare state in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, there is a need to develop a measure that exhibits the multidimensional nature of the welfare state, instead of focusing on the social spending dimension. Segura-Ubiergo (The political economy of the welfare state in Latin America: globalization, democracy and development. Cambridge University Press, New York, 2007) constructed a welfare effort index (WEI) to facilitate understand the relative degrees of welfare state development among Latin American countries. The WEI focuses mainly on social spending and ignores the other dimensions of welfare. Based on a comparative analysis of 17 Latin American countries and following the methodology of Segura-Ubiergo, a new index that aims at enriching the WEI was constructed. The new index is multidimensional in that it has eight indicators relating to three dimensions of welfare: social spending, coverage of welfare programs and outcome of welfare institutions. Principal component analysis was used for reducing the indicators into three indexes that represent three proposed dimensions of welfare. The combination of these three indexes gives the multidimensional welfare index. The results of the index account for more than 75 % of the data variance. 相似文献
223.
Blanca L. Delgado-Márquez Victoriano Ramírez-González Adolfo López-Carmona 《Social indicators research》2014,116(2):475-492
Gender equality constitutes a crucial objective for a successful societal development. Although research has found that the differences are shrinking, parliamentary composition is not gender balanced in most areas of the world. Henceforth, recent literature has undertaken important efforts aimed at developing different initiatives to promote parity in democratic parliaments, especially through the use of quota systems. Prior initiatives, although leading to an improvement of gender parity, do not manage to ensure an optimal gender-egalitarian parliamentary composition. Thus, this paper presents a method to organize closed and blocked lists of candidates that guarantees the achievement of gender-balanced representation in parliamentary elections. Specifically, parity is sought globally, in each party and also in each electoral constituency. Furthermore, the method is applied to the elections held over the last two decades in Finland. Results reveal that parity in gender representation increases at global, party, and constituency levels throughout all the parliamentary elections in Finland, even approaching optimal numerical parity (i.e. 50 % for each gender) in most of the cases. 相似文献
224.
When a risk is exchanged, the exact value for the minimum price (positive or negative) that the purchaser (investor, or insurer) is willing to pay is given by the certainty equivalent wealth level, which in turn depends on his specific utility function. When this utility function is unknown, then only a sufficient condition on the price can ever be found. This paper provides methods for calculating such a sufficient condition, when only limited information on the utility function is known. 相似文献
225.
This paper presents an axiomatic characterization of the Owen set of transportation games. In the characterization we use six properties including consistency (CONS2) and splitting and merging (SM) which are firstly proposed and defined for this setup in the present paper. 相似文献
226.
Isabel Albuquerque Margarida Pedroso de Lima Marcela Matos Cláudia Figueiredo 《Social indicators research》2012,105(3):447-460
The relation between personality and subjective well-being (SWB) remains involved in a considerable ambiguity and the numerous
studies conducted have neglected an approach at a more detailed level of analysis. This study explores the idea that neuroticism,
extraversion and conscientiousness facets predict differentially each SWB component. A battery of self-report questionnaires
was used to assess personality and SWB in 398 teachers of primary and high schools. Findings of a cross-sectional study showed
that neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness facets contributed to significantly explain the variance in positive
affect, negative affect and life satisfaction. Moreover, these facets predicted differentially each of the three SWB components.
At same time, this study corroborates two important premises: the specificity of facets as discrete traits and the independence
of the three SWB components. 相似文献
227.
Pablo Fernández Christlieb 《Revista de Psicología Social》2013,28(2):161-177
ResumenEl presente trabajo estudia la influencia de la «discusión grupal» sobre los estados afectivos inducidos. Se esperaba que, después de inducir estados afectivos (positivo vs negativo vs neutro) mediante la visión de secuencias de películas, el contexto de discusión grupal (positivo vs negativo), acentuara o atenuara el efecto del método de inducción. Para ello, se utilizó un diseño experimental en el que participaron un total de 60 sujetos, y en el que se analizaron las respuestas de cada grupo experimental en una tarea de asociación libre de palabras. Nuestros resultados demuestran que el efecto del contexto grupal es más potente que el de la visión de películas cortas, originando un número significativamente mayor de palabras originales en el primer caso que en el segundo. Estos resultados son analizados a la luz de recientes teorías sobre cognición y afecto. 相似文献
228.
Guillermo Martínez-Flórez Barry C. Arnold Heleno Bolfarine Héctor W. Gómez 《Journal of statistical planning and inference》2013
The main object of this paper is to propose a multivariate extension to the alpha-power model which is an alternative to the multivariate skew-normal model (Arellano-Valle and Azzalini, 2008). It also extends the power-normal model discussed in Gupta and Gupta (2008) by making it more flexible. Inference is dealt with by using the likelihood approach and a pseudo-likelihood approach based on conditional distributions which, although slightly less efficient, is simpler to implement. An application to a real data set is used to demonstrate the usefulness of the extension. 相似文献
229.
Kun B Balázs H Arnold P Paksi B Demetrovics Z 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2012,28(1):27-46
The history of gambling in post-socialist countries is noticeably different from that of other countries in Europe. The goal
of this study was therefore twofold: Firstly, to systematically review all European epidemiological studies related to excessive
gambling in the general adult population, and secondly, to provide an overview of the state of gambling in Hungary based on
the first ever nationwide representative survey, setting the results against the backdrop of the earlier European studies.
A systematic review was carried out of European gambling studies which focus on a representative adult general population.
Hungarian data was obtained from the National Survey on Addiction Problems in Hungary general adult population survey (N = 2,710). Pathological gambling was measured by the South Oaks Gambling Screen. Lifetime prevalence of excessive gambling
(problem and pathological gambling) in the general adult population of European countries varies between 1.1% (Italy and Spain)
and 6.5% (Estonia). In Hungary, the prevalence of problem gambling is 1.9%, with pathological gambling at 1.4%. The socio-demographic
characteristics of the results are similar to those of other European countries. Using epidemiological data from the general
adult populations of two post-socialist nations, it was possible to compare the results with data from 12 other European countries.
Based on the data available, the extremely rapid liberation of the gambling market in the post-socialist countries has led
to a similarly swift escalation in associated gambling problems. 相似文献
230.