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71.
Lewis Emma Phoenix Gareth K. Alexander Paul David John Cameron Ross W. F. 《Urban Ecosystems》2019,22(5):841-854
Urban Ecosystems - Urban green infrastructure, such as gardens, can mitigate some of the consequences of climate change, e.g. reducing flash-flooding or urban heat islands. Green infrastructure,... 相似文献
72.
Justine Howard Gareth E. Miles Laura Rees‐Davies Emma J. Bertenshaw 《Children & Society》2017,31(5):378-389
Children's reports about their play in middle childhood and the emotions they associate with play have received limited research attention. Using focus groups, this study asked 38 children in the UK about what, where and with whom they played. They were also asked how play made them feel. Children reported a wide range of play behaviours, with outdoor and traditional games being just as prominently mentioned as play with electronic devices. The emotional importance of play in middle childhood was apparent, with children associating play with strong positive emotions, and not being able to play with negative emotions and anxiety. 相似文献
73.
Normative Life Satisfaction in Chinese Societies 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Research over several decades about subjective life satisfaction has led to the conclusion that the majority of people seem
to be satisfied with their lives when their social and physical needs are met. In empirical studies which have used self-report
instruments, this trend is reflected in respondents’ consistent preference for the positive end of scales. This led to the
suggestion that there is a normative range for life satisfaction, which should hold true for general population data and,
therefore, serve as a reference point, or a gold standard, for comparison (Cummins Social Indicators Research, 35, 179–200, 1995, Social Indicators Research, 43, 307–334, 1998). Subsequent research has shown that Western and non-Western samples generally conform to the normative range,
but more data are needed from Chinese societies. In an attempt to remedy this situation, this paper investigates normative
life satisfaction there. This paper reanalyses published and unpublished data from various Chinese societies (People’s Republic
of China, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore, and Taiwan) in order to confirm whether or not they lie within the normative range
for non-Western countries. The results provide support for the relevance of Cummins’s normative range in Chinese societies.
That the normative range generalised to the present study is a very useful finding, as it supports its utility for Chinese
samples, and adds support to a theoretical explanation – i.e. the Wellbeing Homeostatisis theory—in Chinese groups. 相似文献
74.
Wei Zhao Paolo Vicini Steven Novick Judith Anderton Gareth Davies Gina DAngelo Terrance O'Day Binbing Yu Jay Harper Rajesh Narwal Lorin Roskos Harry Yang 《Pharmaceutical statistics》2019,18(6):688-699
Linear models are generally reliable methods for analyzing tumor growth in vivo, with drug effectiveness being represented by the steepness of the regression slope. With immunotherapy, however, not all tumor growth follows a linear pattern, even after log transformation. Tumor kinetics models are mechanistic models that describe tumor proliferation and tumor killing macroscopically, through a set of differential equations. In drug combination studies, although an additional drug‐drug interaction term can be added to such models, however, the drug interactions suggested by tumor kinetics models cannot be translated directly into synergistic effects. We have developed a novel statistical approach that simultaneously models tumor growth in control, monotherapy, and combination therapy groups. This approach makes it possible to test for synergistic effects directly and to compare such effects among different studies. 相似文献
75.
Parents have accessed websites, online discussion forums and blogs for advice, information and support since the early days of the World Wide Web. In this article, we review the literature in sociology and related social research addressing the ways in which digital media have been used for parenting‐related purposes. We begin with the longer‐established media of parenting websites, online discussion forums, blogs, email, mobile phones and message and video services and then move on to the newer technologies of social media and apps. This is followed by a section on data privacy and security issues. The concluding section summarises some major issues arising from the review and points to directions for further research. 相似文献
76.
Novel imaging techniques are playing an increasingly important role in drug development, providing insight into the mechanism of action of new chemical entities. The data sets obtained by these methods can be large with complex inter-relationships, but the most appropriate statistical analysis for handling this data is often uncertain--precisely because of the exploratory nature of the way the data are collected. We present an example from a clinical trial using magnetic resonance imaging to assess changes in atherosclerotic plaques following treatment with a tool compound with established clinical benefit. We compared two specific approaches to handle the correlations due to physical location and repeated measurements: two-level and four-level multilevel models. The two methods identified similar structural variables, but higher level multilevel models had the advantage of explaining a greater proportion of variation, and the modeling assumptions appeared to be better satisfied. 相似文献
77.
We consider optimal temperature spacings for Metropolis-coupled Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMCMC) and Simulated Tempering algorithms. We prove that, under certain conditions, it is optimal (in terms of maximising the expected squared jumping distance) to space the temperatures so that the proportion of temperature swaps which are accepted is approximately 0.234. This generalises related work by physicists, and is consistent with previous work about optimal scaling of random-walk Metropolis algorithms. 相似文献
78.
This study analyses lay understandings of health among Dai Lue, an ethnic minority in China, and how they are played out in help-seeking practices. Interviews and focus groups with sixty-three rural villagers in Xishuangbanna, southwest China revealed that health was largely interpreted as a social experience embedded in Dai Lue culture and ethnicity. Salient to this interpretation was family, community connectedness and Dai Lue ceremonies and festivals, as well as connections with a socio-political context. Ethnicity and ‘othering’ was an important thread running through their lay health beliefs, especially distinctions between Dai and Han. The health research, policy and practice implications of the findings are also discussed, and are likely to be applicable to other ethnic minorities in China. 相似文献
79.
Gareth Dale 《Globalizations》2018,15(7):924-940
ABSTRACTThis article explores the concepts of spontaneity and spontaneous order, in particular their deployment by Friedrich Hayek and Karl Polanyi. Although in many respects these thinkers were poles apart, the article identifies a point of convergence. They both mobilize the concept of spontaneity in a manner that naturalizes a particular social process: for Hayek, the market economy, for Polanyi, society’s protective movement that arises in reaction against the market economy. To contextualize the uses of spontaneity by Hayek and Polanyi, I trace its evolution, with reference to Leibniz, Mandeville, and the thinkers of the Scottish Enlightenment. Having sketched the ways in which earlier thinkers understood spontaneity, I turn finally to Hayek and Polanyi. I argue that their invocations of spontaneity and spontaneous order contribute to a downplaying of relations of domination and exploitation. While Hayek sees the market system as the exemplar of spontaneous order, for Polanyi, the concept of spontaneity underpins his belief that the protective countermovement is a ‘natural’ reaction to the evils of market society; as such, power relations pass beneath the radar. 相似文献
80.
Gareth Brown 《Culture and Organization》2018,24(5):408-425
In the UK, the recent flourishing of organised resistance against austerity and the dominance of the free market over all aspects of life has done little to buck an overall trend of decreasing membership in political parties and similar organisations. Few informal organisational forms on the Left have fared better. However, these diminishing structures have certain key characteristics in common and there are suggestions of alternative political forms emerging in their stead. This article argues that such periods of decomposition, far from being an indication of failure, are an important and desirable element of social movement that can and should be deliberately factored in to political organising. Building from the notion that the basis of social change is the ability to move out of existing institutions, the article explores three methodologies of decomposition that bridge the divides between mythology, poetry, and political theory: Negative Capability, Eeriness, and the surrealist game. 相似文献