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41.
Gaby Ramia Michelle Peterie Roger Patulny Greg Marston 《Social Policy & Administration》2020,54(5):765-776
Employment services are commonly provided in network settings, but it is rare to find social policy analyses of how unemployed people search for jobs through networks. In a germinal analysis of social networks and employment, Mark Granovetter argued that “weak ties” (less familiar contacts) are more important to finding employment than are “strong ties” (family and friends). This is because weak ties provide more novel job-relevant information. Scholarship since Granovetter has predominantly supported the opposite argument, namely, that strong ties are more important for the unemployed, because they are more plentiful and thus provide more information in aggregate. Findings are also generally coloured by the focus being on “informal” networks or personal contacts. “Formal” networks, as represented most cogently by employment service providers, are absent or underestimated in most social network studies. On the basis of a qualitative study of 80 long-term unemployed people in Australia, incorporating analysis of both informal and formal networks, we argue that although “strong informal” ties are vital to job search, it is also important to consider “weak formal” ties, which can be complementary if and where service organizations are able to supply positive case management experiences. 相似文献
42.
Greg Hundley 《Journal of Labor Research》1988,9(4):301-323
Analysis of a large micro-data set shows that state public-sector bargaining laws significantly influence state and local
government union membership in several ways. Membership probability is lowest where a right-to-work law is present; it is
greatest when there are mandatory agency shop provisions. Compulsory arbitration leads to a significantly greater probability
of membership than does the right-to-strike. Simulations based on model estimates indicate that policy changes along the lines
of proposed national public bargaining laws could lead to major changes in public-sector union density. Among individual and
demographic characteristics, membership probability is significantly affected by full-time/part-time status and the statewide
extent of private-sector unionism. Although non-whites and males are more likely to be union members, race and gender membership
differentials are shown to be relatively small.
The author thanks Jack Fiorito, Paul Jarley, Joe Stone, and Rob Valletta for their helpful comments. Any remaining errors
are his sole responsibility. 相似文献
43.
44.
中国经济改革中劳动力构成及劳动力市场究竟有什么变化,这是国际学界共同关心的问题。本文从中国劳动力市场发展的趋势出发,具体讨论有关产业和政治的涵义,并就中国劳动力市场所处的国际背景进行分析。 相似文献
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47.
Diana Rajendran Eddy S. Ng Greg Sears Nailah Ayub 《International migration (Geneva, Switzerland)》2020,58(2):30-51
Australia has been aggressively pursuing skilled migrants to sustain its population and foster economic growth. However, many skilled migrants experience a downward career move upon migration to Australia. Based on a survey of recent skilled migrants, this study investigates how individual (age, years of settlement, qualifications), national/societal (citizenship and settlement), and organization-level (climate of inclusion) factors influence their career success. Overall, we found that: (1) age at migration matters more than length of settlement in predicting skilled migrant career success; (2) citizenship uptake and living in a neighbourhood with a greater number of families from the same country of origin facilitate post-migration career success; and (3) perceptions of one's social/informal networks in the workplace – a dimension of perceived organizational climate of inclusion – also have a positive impact on migrant career outcomes. 相似文献
48.
Jo Anne Shatkin Linda Carolyn Abbott Ann E. Bradley Richard Alan Canady Tee Guidotti Kristen M. Kulinowski Ragnar E. Löfstedt Garrick Louis Margaret MacDonell Andrew D. Maynard Greg Paoli Lorraine Sheremeta Nigel Walker Ronald White Richard Williams 《Risk analysis》2010,30(11):1680-1687
Scientists, activists, industry, and governments have raised concerns about health and environmental risks of nanoscale materials. The Society for Risk Analysis convened experts in September 2008 in Washington, DC to deliberate on issues relating to the unique attributes of nanoscale materials that raise novel concerns about health risks. This article reports on the overall themes and findings of the workshop, uncovering the underlying issues for each of these topics that become recurring themes. The attributes of nanoscale particles and other nanomaterials that present novel issues for risk analysis are evaluated in a risk analysis framework, identifying challenges and opportunities for risk analysts and others seeking to assess and manage the risks from emerging nanoscale materials and nanotechnologies. Workshop deliberations and recommendations for advancing the risk analysis and management of nanotechnologies are presented. 相似文献
49.
Many studies have focussed upon Western countries, such as the United States and members of the European Union, and how they engage with foreign publics. There is also an increasing amount of attention being paid to non-Western countries. The debate on soft power, for instance, shows that the concept is perceived and applied in a manner that differs from Nye's vision. This present article seeks to examine and analyse how and why the Russian state engages foreign publics with different communicational means and methods. Relations and approaches are much more pragmatic in the current situation, ideology seems to have been discarded. The current foreign policy concept gives context to positioning Russia, which not only gives Russia a certain role, but one that is set in relation to other international actors. Although, not all countries are treated the same, a different approach based upon a different set of assumptions produces a different understanding as to what programmes and means are needed. This produces a difference in approach between Western countries and those countries on the territory of the Former Soviet Union. 相似文献
50.
Urban land area is expanding worldwide and may contribute to long-term carbon (C) storage; however, little is known about potential drivers of soil C in urban areas. Residential areas are one of the largest urban land use zones and lawns can provide stable chronosequences for studying soil C dynamics. In residential lawns containing no trees (n?=?23), the relationships between soil C and four potential drivers [home age (1–51 years), yard maintenance practices (fertilization, irrigation, and bagging or mulching lawn clippings), soil nitrogen (N) and soil texture] were investigated. Soil C increased with home age at 0–15 cm depth by 0.026 kg C m?2?yr?1, declined by ?0.011 kg C m?2?yr?1 at 15–30 cm depth, and was stable at 30–50 cm depth. Soil C had a positive relationship with soil N (R 2?=?0.55) at the 0–15 cm depth. Soil C and N were not related to yard maintenance practices or soil texture. The low soil C sequestration rate and limited relationships between soil C and home age, yard maintenance, soil N and soil texture may have resulted from the positive influence of Auburn’s humid, subtropical climate on residue decomposition. 相似文献