全文获取类型
收费全文 | 568篇 |
免费 | 20篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 105篇 |
民族学 | 2篇 |
人口学 | 44篇 |
丛书文集 | 1篇 |
理论方法论 | 74篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
社会学 | 300篇 |
统计学 | 60篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 5篇 |
2021年 | 2篇 |
2020年 | 13篇 |
2019年 | 17篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 27篇 |
2016年 | 26篇 |
2015年 | 19篇 |
2014年 | 26篇 |
2013年 | 98篇 |
2012年 | 23篇 |
2011年 | 30篇 |
2010年 | 17篇 |
2009年 | 16篇 |
2008年 | 15篇 |
2007年 | 12篇 |
2006年 | 8篇 |
2005年 | 16篇 |
2004年 | 13篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 21篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 12篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有588条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
51.
Objectives. Despite the interest that social scientists have displayed in the rising rate of incarceration, little attention has been devoted to understanding its consequences for local areas. This is an important omission because prison construction has become a component of state and local economic development schemes. Indeed, there is a widespread belief that prison construction provides significant economic benefits to local areas. Methods. We analyze data on all existing and new prisons in the United States since 1960 and examine the impact of these prisons on the pace of growth (as measured by public, private, and total employment growth) in U.S. counties from 1969 to 1994. To our knowledge, our study is the first comprehensive and longitudinal assessment of the impact of prison construction on local areas. Results. We find no evidence that prison expansion has stimulated economic growth. In fact, we provide evidence that prison construction has impeded economic growth in rural counties that have been growing at a slow pace. Conclusion. Despite sharp ideological and intellectual differences, the critics and the advocates of the prison construction boom share the assumption that prisons can contribute to local growth, especially in hard‐pressed local areas. This belief flies in the face of mounting evidence that state and local initiatives rarely have a significant impact on growth; this belief is also contradicted by our analyses. 相似文献
52.
Risk-perception research plays an active role in discussions of risk-management alternatives. However, little guidance is provided regarding how public concerns should be weighed against other sources of cost and benefits. This paper reports the results of two experiments that measure tradeoffs among cost (in dollars), a quantitative risk measure (number of deaths or injuries), and several qualitative characteristics associated with perceived risk. Most subjects were willing to make the requested trade. However, the perceived risk information led others to reject the proposed technology. 相似文献
53.
The paper by Metz challenges the view that stigma associated with a nuclear waste repository might lead to significant economic losses to the host region. We have been invited to comment on the general issues raised by this paper. We find that much of the evidence presented in the paper consists of factual and conceptual errors and misrepresentations of the research literature. Based on our review of evidence documenting the social and economic impacts of perceived risk, we conclude that stigma is an important phenomenon that is symptomatic of fundamental problems with the way in which nuclear waste facilities are sited. 相似文献
54.
The authorities in a number of advanced countries have produced intergenerational reports that seek to determine the fiscal sustainability of current policy parameters. The Australian government will publish its Intergenerational Report in May 2002. This paper attempts to place these reports in analytical perspective. We examine the notion of intergenerational equity, the conceptual basis for generational accounting, Australian efforts at constructing generational accounts, and then review the intergenerational reports of several other countries. The paper concludes with a brief synoptic discussion of various policies that can help Australian governments achieve intergenerational balance in future. 相似文献
55.
Christopher R. Kirman Sean M. Hays Gregory L. Kedderis Michael L. Gargas & Dale E. Strother 《Risk analysis》2000,20(1):135-152
Historically, U.S. regulators have derived cancer slope factors by using applied dose and tumor response data from a single key bioassay or by averaging the cancer slope factors of several key bioassays. Recent changes in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines for cancer risk assessment have acknowledged the value of better use of mechanistic data and better dose–response characterization. However, agency guidelines may benefit from additional considerations presented in this paper. An exploratory study was conducted by using rat brain tumor data for acrylonitrile (AN) to investigate the use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling along with pooling of dose–response data across routes of exposure as a means for improving carcinogen risk assessment methods. In this study, two contrasting assessments were conducted for AN-induced brain tumors in the rat on the basis of (1) the EPA's approach, the dose–response relationship was characterized by using administered dose/concentration for each of the key studies assessed individually; and (2) an analysis of the pooled data, the dose–response relationship was characterized by using PBPK-derived internal dose measures for a combined database of ten bioassays. The cancer potencies predicted for AN by the contrasting assessments are remarkably different (i.e., risk-specific doses differ by as much as two to four orders of magnitude), with the pooled data assessments yielding lower values. This result suggests that current carcinogen risk assessment practices overestimate AN cancer potency. This methodology should be equally applicable to other data-rich chemicals in identifying (1) a useful dose measure, (2) an appropriate dose–response model, (3) an acceptable point of departure, and (4) an appropriate method of extrapolation from the range of observation to the range of prediction when a chemical's mode of action remains uncertain. 相似文献
56.
This article extends the previous research of consecutive attacks strategy by assuming that an attacker observes the outcome of each attack imperfectly. With given probabilities it may wrongly identify a destroyed target as undestroyed, and wrongly identify an undestroyed target as destroyed. The outcome of each attack is determined by a contest success function that depends on the amount of resources allocated by the defender and the attacker to each attack. The article suggests a probabilistic model of the multiple attacks and analyzes how the target destruction probability and the attacker's relative resource expenditure are impacted by the two probabilities of incorrect observation, the attacker's and defender's resource ratio, the contest intensity, the number of attacks, and the resource distribution across attacks. We analyze how the attacker chooses the number of attacks, the attack stopping rule, and the optimal resource distribution across attacks to maximize its utility. 相似文献
57.
Valuing environmental resources: A constructive approach 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
58.
This research responds to calls from within the field of urban ecology to explicitly incorporate humanities-based research in order to achieve robust interdisciplinarity. Our research provides an example of a place-based urban ecological analysis. We use this framework to analyze over a century of park planning and development within the city of Seattle. We identify four eras of park planning that are linked by a comprehensive 100-year park plan. This case study examines how the political, cultural, and economic aspects of park planning have produced and been influenced by long-term trends and historical contingencies. This research also offers practical insights for effective contemporary urban planning, emphasizing the need for flexible and adaptive long-term plans when confronted with unpredictable events, emerging political arrangements, changing cultural priorities, and shifting fiscal climates. 相似文献
59.
Elizabeth Monk-Turner Peter Ciba Matthew Cunningham P. Gregory McIntire Mark Pollard Rebecca Turner 《Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy》2004,4(1):1-11
In a content analysis of movie violence, we randomly selected twelve top-grossing American war films from four decades (1970 to 2002). We coded for implements of violence, length of violence, gore, and violence directed at noncombatants. We hypothesized that recently released war movies would be more violent than those released earlier. We found that films released since 1990 did contain more violence compared to others. Further, the intensity of gore increased in recently released movies. 相似文献
60.
Gregory Bovasso 《Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless》1997,6(3):213-228
Abnormal experiences of the self defined here in terms ofdepersonalization may predispose individuals to aggressive behavior in situations that further alter their self-awareness. Conditions that raise self-awareness may inhibit the aggressive behavior of individuals prone to these abnormal experiences of self. In the current research, individuals prone to a distorted body image were least likely to express attitudes reflecting verbal hostility when their self-awareness was raised. Individuals prone to a sense of unreality about others were most likely to express attitudes that reflect physical aggression when their sense of social identity was raised. However, these attitudes were less likely in individuals prone to self-criticism whose social identity was enhanced. The results suggest that a multidimensional construct of depersonalization may aid in the prediction of aggressive behavior that is facilitated by situations that alter the individual’s sense of self. 相似文献