Sexual and Reproductive Health Behaviors of California Community College Students

Abstract

Objective: To explore the sexual and reproductive health behaviors of students from 13 community college campuses in California. Participants: Heterosexual college students, ages 18 to 24, who have had sexual intercourse (N = 4,487). Methods: The American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA) survey was administered in class to randomly selected classrooms at 12 institutions and electronically to randomly selected e-mails of students at 1 institution from March through April 2007. Results: This sample of community college students reported higher rates of risky sexual behaviors, unintended pregnancy, emergency contraception, and sexually transmitted diseases, and lower rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, than the overall ACHA-NCHA reference group. Those who had been tested for HIV reported more sexual partners, and lower rates of condom use. Conclusions: The data provide justification for broader educational programs and access to family planning services, condoms, and HIV testing on community college campuses.     

A Meta-analysis of Gender Differences in Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help

Abstract

Objective: The present study aims to examine gender differences in attitudes toward professional psychological help–seeking behavior and how gender differences could be affected by other cultural factor such as race. Participants: The authors selected studies that involved undergraduate and graduate students as samples, making the total number of participants in this meta-analysis 5,713. Methods: Statistical procedures were administrated by the MIX (Meta-analysis with Interactive eXplanations) program, which does meta-analyses. Results and Conclusions: The results indicated that gender itself was a significant predictor on attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. In addition, individual's cultural background (eg, Western versus non-Western ethnicity) moderated the gender differences on attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. Practical implications for mental health professionals in college settings were discussed.     

Geriatric Social Work Career Tracking: Graduates of the Hartford Partnership Program for Aging Education (HPPAE)

Despite a growing need for geriatric social workers, there is a question as to whether MSW graduates who are gerontologically prepared actually enter the workforce to serve older adults. By tracking MSW graduates who had special training in aging, this study aims to explore their job search and career experience. Findings show that most graduates located aging-related jobs 4 months postgraduation and remained committed to the field 1 to 2 years later. The majority were working in direct service provision in clinical settings. Their salaries compare favorably with those of generic social workers. Implications for geriatric social work education are discussed.     

试论关于国民收入分配中企业收入分配的合理性

企业在国民收入分配中是介于政府与个人间的一个群体。改革开放以来,围绕理顺国家、企业、个人间的收入分配关系,国家作了大量的改革与调整,形成了“保两头（国家、个人）,挤中间（企业）”的分配格局,取得了积极的成效,但也产生了一定的负面影响,致使企业利润下降、亏损上升。因此有必要进一步调整国民收入分配,使企业的收入分配合理化,以增强国有企业的实力,促进经济的发展。     

康熙《无锡县志》中运河诗歌的整理与研究

康熙年间,由秦松龄、严绳孙编纂的《无锡县志》收录了36位作家的39首运河诗歌,涉及无锡古运河沿岸的五牧、梁溪、芙蓉湖、泰伯渎等区域,这些诗歌反映了诗人的游历和交友情况,蕴含丰富的文化主题,向读者展现了多姿多彩的运河风貌,为研究古运河的历史、文化提供了宝贵资料,弥补了一些正史语焉不详的遗憾。     

论孟姜女弹词的版本及艺术——以石印本《绘图孟姜女万里寻夫全传》为中心

孟姜女弹词是孟姜女故事流传中不可忽视的传播形态之一,明清以来,国内现存的弹词版本共七个。其中,尤以民国六年（1917）上海文益书局石印本《绘图孟姜女万里寻夫全传》艺术价值最高。从内容来看,《绘图孟姜女万里寻夫全传》塑造了贩夫走卒、小商小贩、仆从杂役、妓女盗贼等市民阶层,形象地勾勒出江南地区社会的浮世众生,拓展了孟姜女传说展现社会的广阔性;从叙事艺术来看,它具有柔美细腻的文辞,增添趣味和幽默的 “噱头”,用以拓展情节、提高曲折性的“补书”,牢牢抓住观众的“关子”以及演员“起角色”的表演。     

The Associations Between Socioeconomic Status,Caregivers' Depressive Symptoms,Children's Health‐Promoting Behavior,and Children's Physical Health: A Mediation Model

The aim of this study was to examine the mediating effects of children's health‐promoting behaviors on the association between socioeconomic status, caregivers' depressive symptoms, and children's physical health outcomes. We used the first wave of “Seoul Education and Health Welfare Panel.” Data were collected from 820 fourth‐grade elementary and first‐year middle school students and their caregivers using self‐administered surveys. Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the mediating effects of health‐promoting behaviors. Bias‐corrected bootstrap confidence intervals were used to test the mediating effect. The results showed that both low socioeconomic status and caregivers' depressive symptoms were negatively associated with a child's health‐promoting behaviors. Children's health‐promoting behaviors were positively associated with physical health. However, children's physical health was not significantly associated with socioeconomic status but was marginally associated with caregivers' depressive symptoms. We found that children's health‐promoting behaviors significantly mediated associations between both socioeconomic status and children's physical health and between caregivers' depressive symptoms and children's physical health. Based on the findings, we suggest the development and implementation of school‐based, health‐enhancement programs as a means to improve the general health of all children and to reduce health inequalities.     

Relations between social withdrawal subtypes and socio-emotional adjustment among Chinese children and early adolescents

The aim of the present study was to compare the relations between subtypes of social withdrawal and socio-emotional adjustment in Chinese children and early adolescents. Participants included 571 children (M_age = 9.62 years) and 345 adolescents M_age = 12.12 years) in mainland China. Social withdrawal subtypes (i.e., shyness, unsociability, social avoidance) and indices of socio-emotional adjustment were assessed via self-reports, peer nominations, and teacher ratings. Shyness tended to be more strongly associated with emotional maladjustment in early adolescence, whereas unsociability was more strongly associated with socio-emotional difficulties in childhood. For social avoidance, associations with indices of negative adjustment (i.e., social anxiety, emotional symptoms, peer problems) were stronger in childhood, however, associations with indices of positive adjustment (i.e., life satisfaction, well-being) were stronger in early adolescence.