盖棺论定“论”难定:张之洞之死的舆论反应

历史人物的生死,一般是人物研究的起点和终点。实则对于历史人物的盖棺论定,由于各自的立场观念差异,往往形成罗生门式的演义,可以成为新的研究主题。野史不著作者的《张文襄公事略》,经考查,其实是张之洞死后不久,上海的《新闻报》、《申报》、《时报》、《神州日报》、《民吁日报》等报所刊发的报道、悼念及评论文章(包括译载《文汇报》、《字林报》、《泰晤士报》等外报)的汇编。编纂者有一定的取舍标准和编排调整,但未作删改,可见各报对于张之洞一生具体功过是非看法的千差万别。参照该书所引各报未收入的其他相关报道评论,以及该书未引各报的报道评论,不仅可以探究编纂者的态度倾向,而且可以将张之洞之死作为研究的起点,观察舆论的反应,深究各方的态度,进而考察重要人物的离去所引起的政局和社会波动。     

An exploratory study of basic income fidelity index

There is growing interest in adopting basic income as a new social protection policy in many countries. South Korea is no exception. There have been heated discussions on the benefits and costs of adopting basic income as a universal income support program among policy makers and academics in South Korea. However, one of the problems in the discourse of basic income discussion in South Korea has been a lack of clear definition of basic income. In this study, we develop a basic income fidelity index (BIFI) that can be applied to basic income programs to show how fully a program fits to the basic income concept. Such an index can be useful in making the terminologies and concepts of basic income clearer. We test feasibility of BIFI by applying it to four different case examples of basic income; Alaska Permanent Fund, UK Child Trust Fund, Switzerland’s Basic Income Plan, and Finland’s Basic Income Experiment. We show BIFI can be a useful tool to differentiate various types of basic income. It can be also used to identify strengths and weaknesses of a basic income scheme.     

How do journalists leverage Twitter? Expressive and consumptive use of Twitter

This study examined factors that affect journalists’ Twitter use behaviors based on the framework of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). A survey of Korean journalists supported that TPB is a useful theoretical framework for understanding journalists’ Twitter use behaviors. This study found that three TPB variables – positive attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control – are positively associated with journalists’ general Twitter use (i.e., time spent using Twitter). More importantly, beyond looking at journalists’ general Twitter use, this study expands the literature by distinguishing between expressive Twitter use (e.g., tweeting messages) and consumptive Twitter use (e.g., reading others’ tweets). Results showed that journalists’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls were associated differently depending on patterns of expressive and consumptive Twitter usage. Given the role of professional journalists in society, their ways of using Twitter may have a profound impact on the ecology of journalism. Contributing to the literature of the theory of planned behavior by extending its explanatory power to professional journalists’ Twitter usage, the results of this study suggest that future research on journalists’ Twitter use should pay more attention to how Twitter is employed within the journalistic context.     

科研腐败成因分析及防治对策研究——基于20个案例的统计分析

随着我国科研投入的不断增大,科研腐败也越来越成为人们关注的问题.文章通过选取近年来关于科研腐败犯罪的20个真实案例,从犯罪主体、行为分析和惩治情况等案例特征进行实证分析,得出科研腐败的原因主要是主体身份为犯罪提供掩护,司法弹性过大,监管制度不合理等,并提出通过完善预防机制,加强项目过程自律管理,健全事后追责机制等措施防治科研腐败行为.     

后方法理论视角下“成果法”与“写长法”教学模式对比研究

基于后方法理论的指导,就“成果法”和“写长法”这两种不同的教学模式对不同写作水平的大学英语学习者所产生的影响进行了对比实验研究.研究发现,尽管教学方法本身并无孰优孰劣之分,“成果法”与“写长法”都能一定程度上提高不同写作水平受试者的成绩,但是“写长法”对于不同写作水平受试者的效果显著优于“成果法”.     

Planned Happenstance Skills and Occupational Identity Status in High School Students

This study investigated how the 5 components of planned happenstance skills are related to adolescents' occupational identity statuses. A canonical correlation analysis was performed with a sample of 370 high school students in South Korea. The results indicated that higher identity statuses (i.e., achievement and moratorium statuses) were significantly related to the 5 components of planned happenstance skills, whereas lower identity statuses (i.e., foreclosure and diffusion statuses) were not significantly related to the 5 components of planned happenstance skills. In addition, the results of the mediation analysis indicated that the transition from moratorium to achievement status was positively mediated by 3 components of planned happenstance skills: optimism, persistence, and risk taking.     

储层伤害试井评价新方法研究

针对传统储层伤害试井评价的污染带渗透率求取存在较大偏差，进而影响表皮系数准确分解的问题，建立了改进的麦金利图版试井分析新模型，利用拉普拉斯变换进行了求解，并编程绘制了新的分析理论图版（改进的麦金利图版），获得了新的拟合解释方法，可以非常准确地求取污染带渗透率。再利用Hawkins 公式，优化计算真表皮系数和污染半径，从而利用污染带渗透率、污染半径和真表皮系数进行储层伤害试井评价。最后，进行了实例分析，结果符合现场实际，为改善储层、采取措施提供了依据。     

辛亥革命研究的整体性问题

辛亥革命爆发迄今已整整百年。这场举世瞩目的革命虽然离我们已愈来愈遥远,但其重要意义与历史地位却并未因此而被忽略。百年以来,辛亥革命对中国近现代历史进程的重要意义,乃至在亚洲及世界范围内所产生的重大影响,一直受到广泛的关注。海内外学界对辛亥革命的研究也可谓硕果累累。在百年纪念到来之际,需要我们思考的是:辛亥革命史研究如何更加走向深入,怎样更进一步挖掘辛亥革命的历史价值与现实意义?为此,也需要学者们以百年之眼光对辛亥革命重新加以审视,从而实现辛亥革命史研究的百年超越。这一组笔谈,分别从不同的角度对如何扩展与深化辛亥革命史研究,提出了一系列新的认识与学术见解,多有启迪意义,对于促进辛亥革命史研究向纵深发展将会起到积极的作用。     

Urgent engagement in 9/11 pregnant widows and their infants: Transmission of trauma

The potential effects of maternal trauma on mother–infant interaction remain insufficiently studied empirically. This study examined the effects of the September 11, 2001, trauma on mother–infant interaction in mothers who were pregnant and widowed on 9/11, and their infants aged 4–6 months. Split‐screen videotaped interaction was coded on a one‐second basis for infant gaze, facial affect, and vocal affect; and mother gaze, facial affect, and touch. We examined the temporal dynamics of communication: self‐contingency and interactive contingency of behavior by time‐series methods. We documented heightened maternal and infant efforts at engagement in the 9/11 (vs. control) dyads. Both partners had difficulty tolerating moments of looking away as well as moments of negative behavior patterns. Heightened efforts to maintain a positive visual engagement may be adaptive and a potential source of resilience, but these patterns may also carry risk: working too hard to make it work. A vigilant, hyper‐contingent, high‐arousal engagement was the central mode of the interpersonal transmission of the trauma to these infants, with implications for intervention.