御者和车右在车战中的地位━━读《左传·殽之战》

<殽之战>一文,写秦国的军队越过晋国的边境去偷袭晋的邻国——郑,半路上被郑商人弦高遇见并识破他们的阴谋.秦军的将领们估计这回偷袭是难以得逞了,但又不甘心空手而归,便灭了滑国才率领军队返秦.其时,正忙着给刚刚去世的晋文公治丧的晋国新君及臣僚,得知这一消息,立即决定搁置丧事,出兵伏击秦军.文章写道:"遂发命,遽兴姜戎,子墨衰絰,梁弘御戎,莱驹为右.夏四月辛已,败秦师于殽."     

20世纪40年代四川省新县制下地方自治的施行

本文探讨了 2 0世纪 4 0年代四川省新县制下的基层社会控制及民主的实际状况 ,指出四川省在当时所推行的基层地方自治仍未摆脱受行政控制的从属地位 ,行政工作先于、多于自治工作 ,“民意机构”非民众直接选举产生并且多反映地方有力者的意志 ,它在解决民众最感痛苦的诸如“摊筹派募”、“征丁”以及“吏治腐败”等问题上的作用十分有限。国民政府在基层所实行的“以官治求自治”的所谓地方自治政策 ,非但未能发展地方事业 ,反而从根本上动摇了其统治基础     

从对人类社会发展规律的认识谈我国高等教育创新人才的培养

文章从人类发展的规律出发,讨论了当今社会发展和人才培养之间的关系.根据我国的国情,提出了高等教育创新人才培养的思路.     

高校社会捐赠与构建和谐社会

社会利益结构是和谐社会构建的基础,高校社会捐赠属于公益捐赠,是捐赠者的一种经济社会行为。从分析社会利益结构的发展变化出发,运用经济社会学的基本原理,分析认为高校社会捐赠对于构建和谐社会具有重要意义,针对我国高校社会捐赠事业发展的现状,提出了对策和建议。     

Exposure Reconstruction for the TCDD-Exposed NIOSH Cohort Using a Concentration- and Age-Dependent Model of Elimination

Recent studies demonstrating a concentration dependence of elimination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) suggest that previous estimates of exposure for occupationally exposed cohorts may have underestimated actual exposure, resulting in a potential overestimate of the carcinogenic potency of TCDD in humans based on the mortality data for these cohorts. Using a database on U.S. chemical manufacturing workers potentially exposed to TCDD compiled by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), we evaluated the impact of using a concentration- and age-dependent elimination model (CADM) (Aylward et al., 2005) on estimates of serum lipid area under the curve (AUC) for the NIOSH cohort. These data were used previously by Steenland et al. (2001) in combination with a first-order elimination model with an 8.7-year half-life to estimate cumulative serum lipid concentration (equivalent to AUC) for these workers for use in cancer dose-response assessment. Serum lipid TCDD measurements taken in 1988 for a subset of the cohort were combined with the NIOSH job exposure matrix and work histories to estimate dose rates per unit of exposure score. We evaluated the effect of choices in regression model (regression on untransformed vs. ln-transformed data and inclusion of a nonzero regression intercept) as well as the impact of choices of elimination models and parameters on estimated AUCs for the cohort. Central estimates for dose rate parameters derived from the serum-sampled subcohort were applied with the elimination models to time-specific exposure scores for the entire cohort to generate AUC estimates for all cohort members. Use of the CADM resulted in improved model fits to the serum sampling data compared to the first-order models. Dose rates varied by a factor of 50 among different combinations of elimination model, parameter sets, and regression models. Use of a CADM results in increases of up to five-fold in AUC estimates for the more highly exposed members of the cohort compared to estimates obtained using the first-order model with 8.7-year half-life. This degree of variation in the AUC estimates for this cohort would affect substantially the cancer potency estimates derived from the mortality data from this cohort. Such variability and uncertainty in the reconstructed serum lipid AUC estimates for this cohort, depending on elimination model, parameter set, and regression model, have not been described previously and are critical components in evaluating the dose-response data from the occupationally exposed populations.     

两种财产权的均衡--一种宪政隐喻的研究

在某种意义上,“公共财产神圣不可侵犯”的宪法宣言彰显了社会主义对资本主义的批判;“私有财产权不可侵犯”的神圣入宪隐喻了宪政的理性。私有财产权与公有财产权的均衡宪制是一种“社会能量守恒定律”的宪政隐喻。这两种基本财产权的均衡态势既有静态的平衡,也有动态的衡平,并展现为“一明两暗”的对立形态和以人为目的的终极关怀。由于这种均衡态势在各国宪法中展现的侧重点不同,而成为各国形成不同的宪政观念的重要原因之一,这便是宪政的隐喻所在。在三种不同模式的宪法中检讨这一隐喻,为当下解构、建构和创新中国的宪政理念与制度具有重大意义。     

苏联哲学与近代中国马克思主义哲学的形成

近代中国接受的是苏式马克思主义的“原理”哲学。20世纪20年代中期以后,这种哲学经毛泽东等人的阐释逐渐“中国化”并成为中国哲学的主流。它是一种实践性与通俗化更为显明,既有教条与政治化倾向,也有实事求是之精神,并注入了民粹主义(或民本主义)、儒家哲学等中国传统思想资源的带有苏式与中式双重特色的中国马克思主义哲学。     

GH高浓缩汉语拼写方案及其原理

“GH高浓缩汉语拼写方案”是在《汉语拼音方案》基础上设计的可以一一对应替代现行汉字,又实行词式书写的计算机用汉语拼音文字。它的原理要从拼写结构,声母、韵母和声调的音码设计等4个方面去理解。现代汉语中每个带声调的音节的读音都有相对应的高浓缩拼写形式。     

科技期刊的信息工作

阐述了信息工作在科技期刊办刊实践中的地位,归纳出信息工作的内容,即作者信息、读者市场信息、审稿人信息、报道领域的动态信息,以及学术出版业内信息等,并指出科技期刊应通过日常工作、学术会议、互联网络等渠道发布和收集信息。     

古诗文名句训诂研究

古诗文名句流传甚广，人们对其部分的理解尚有不妥之处。本文择其十者作一辨析。