油画语言与油画材料的有机结合:艺术与超越艺术

文章围绕写实油画的教学,从技术层面到艺术层面,从艺术层面到当今艺术专业学生的现实处境,探讨了艺术与市场、大众和社会联系的可能性,在现实与理想之间,提示了在社会主义市场经济条件下,艺术教育值得思考的问题。     

The Causes and Consequences of Immigrant Labour in the Construction Sector in Malaysia

Malaysian construction is highly dependant on immigrant labour; immigrants account for nearly 70 per cent of its workforce. Although they have aided the sector's rapid expansion, it has not been without costs. This paper examines the impact of immigrant labour on construction. The main finding is that immigrants, being largely unskilled, did not contribute to skill formation. Instead, they accumulated skills on‐the‐job, which were lost when they returned home. There was no evidence that immigrants displaced domestic workers since they were concentrated in jobs rejected by Malaysians. Furthermore, unlike in earlier periods, legal immigrants were no longer a cheap option, given the regulations governing their employment. They were not used to cut costs per se, but were used because domestic workers were not available in sufficient numbers. Despite the large immigrant presence, the general wage level increased, though admittedly not as rapidly as it might have in their absence. The reliance on immigrant workers has increased the need for supervision and quality control, thereby reducing the savings in cost; nonetheless, immigrants have helped keep costs in check. Surprisingly, rising wages and the continued shortage of labour have not led to a widespread adoption of labour‐saving methods. This is partly because productivity increases have managed to outpace wage increases, though this advantage is petering out. Also, immigrant presence has kept wages, as a proportion of total costs, manageable. The over reliance of the sector on immigrant labour is not desirable, especially since the majority is drawn from one source ‐ Indonesia. Any disruption of supply from this source can undermine the Malaysian economy. To avoid this, Malaysia must vary its source of immigrant labour and intensify efforts to attract domestic workers by improving conditions in construction.     

余平坦模和余平坦分解

给出了有单位元的环上的余平坦模和余平坦分解概念，得到了一系列结果。     

ODD MAN OUT—THE MEIXNER HYPERGEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION

Two open problems are described for the hyperbolic secant distribution, as a special case of the more general Meixner hypergeomet-ric distribution. The first concerns the completeness of the family of functions sech θ x , θ≥ 0. The second concerns the characterization of the class of canonical correlation sequences in bivariate distributions with marginals sech θ x , sech θ y. In both cases some partial results are put forward.     

Gambling and the Older Chinese in Canada

In Canada, there is a lack of research on gambling among the older adults from ethnic minority groups, especially the older Chinese. In this study, two research questions were used to examine gambling among the older Chinese: (1) What is the pattern of gambling among the older Chinese in Canada? (2) What are the predictors associated with gambling among the older Chinese in Canada? The data for this study were collected as part of a multi-site study on health and well-being of 2272 older Chinese in Canada. Four main questions related to gambling were used in this study. Among the 2257 participants who answered the questions on gambling, 26.6% of them reported that they gambled. Results of the hierarchical logistic regression analysis showed that being male, having lived in Canada longer, having a higher level of social support, having more service barriers, and having a stronger level of Chinese ethnic identity would increase the probability for an older Chinese to participate in gambling. Conversely, having a post-secondary and above level of education and having a higher level of life satisfaction would reduce one’s probability of gambling. Although city of residency was also significant in predicting gambling, further analysis showed that its effect was actually caused by other factors including services barriers, social support, life satisfaction, Chinese ethnic identity, and education.     

筚路蓝缕 六十征程——西南民族大学“民族理论与民族政策”学科发展综述

＂民族理论与民族政策＂先后经历了从课程到学科的发展历程,伴随着西南民族大学的成长并一路走来,在六十年的岁月中刻下了从初创到遭遇挫折,从拓展再到基本成熟的发展轨迹。随着其研究对象的明确化和招收专门的硕士、博士研究生,其学科体系基本形成。在新的时代条件下民族理论本身需要发展与创新、民族政策需要进行适应、调整,民族工作需要进行经验和教训的总结,科学的民族观需要在全国范围内得到有效宣传和教育。因此,我校的＂民族理论与民族政策＂学科在学术研究、人才培养、为社会服务等方面也将与时俱进地获得新的发展。     

深化“主体性”研究的重大课题——从“认知主体”到“价值主体”

主体性曾是当代中国哲学关注的焦点问题。以往对主体性的探讨所存在的一个重大缺失在于缺乏对认知主体与价值主体的自觉区分。在哲学史上,康德最早对认知主体和价值主体的界线以及价值主体的优先性进行了深刻的阐明。这一思想理路对于我们重新理解和评估主体性原则的历史遗产,对于深入理解马克思哲学中的主体性思想,具有十分特殊的意义。坚持这种区分,把认知主体和价值主体视为主体性在性质上有着重大不同的两个维度,我们将可以在扬弃主体性狭隘的认识论内涵的同时,维护其丰富的价值论内涵;可以在拆解以认知主体为核心的主体形而上学立场的同时,为价值主体的存在合法性提供有力的辩护。马克思哲学的主体性原则在新的基础上深化了康德关于认知主体与价值主体划界和价值主体优先的思想,把人理解为自由、目的和责任主体。这是马克思主体性思想中最为精髓和最富当代价值的内容。     

中国经济转型期城镇少数民族教育收益率的实证研究

文章分别使用了OLS方法和分位回归技术,考察了1995—2007年间中国城镇少数民族教育收益率的总体水平及其长期变化趋势,并将之与汉族进行了比较,发现在经济转型期,中国城镇居民教育收益率总体上呈逐年上升趋势,少数民族与汉族之间的教育收益率没有显著差异。政策的力量与市场的力量有机结合、相互叠加,是转型时期中国城镇少数民族的地位并没有发生逆转的重要原因。与汉族相同,少数民族的教育收益率随着收入分位点提高而逐渐减小,即收入水平越高,教育收益率越低。     

马克思理论的哲学维度与理论存在样式的转换

澄清马克思哲学特殊的理论存在样式,是理解和捍卫马克思理论的哲学维度,阐发其哲学性质、内容和功能的关键点。马克思以一种“非哲学”的态度摒弃了传统哲学的理论存在样式,但与此同时创造了另一种新的理论存在样式,那就是把哲学变成了“哲学实践”,即变成了一种干涉、介入和变革现实生活的方式,并因此使得哲学表现出与传统哲学有着重大不同的理论性质、言说方式和话语方式。自觉地认识马克思哲学所实现的这种理论存在样式的转换,可以使我们进一步认识到:不能以传统哲学的理论存在样式来衡量和评价马克思的哲学性质,更不能用传统思辨哲学的话语方式和言说方式来理解和阐发马克思哲学。