A robust QTL mapping procedure

In quantitative trait linkage studies using experimental crosses, the conventional normal location-shift model or other parameterizations may be unnecessarily restrictive. We generalize the mapping problem to a genuine nonparametric setup and provide a robust estimation procedure for the situation where the underlying phenotype distributions are completely unspecified. Classical Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney statistics are employed for point and interval estimation of QTL positions and effects.     

未曾遗忘的顿悟成佛论之先行者——试议竺道生与谢灵运的佛学思想交汇

顿悟成佛论是我国佛教禅宗的核心思想,中国佛教史上都以六祖慧能为其先觉,但在中国佛教史上以佛性论为依据最早提出顿悟成佛论的却是南北朝时期的高僧竺道生,其新说在当时引起了广泛的争议和共鸣.同时期的著名文人居士谢灵运作为竺道生顿悟说的追随者和积极倡导者,对竺道生的新说给予了极大支持和宣扬,并著<辨宗论>等文对顿悟成佛论所遭到的非议加以辩证和维护.     

2005-2007我国省际能源效率研究 ——基于DEA方法非意愿变量CRS模型的测度

 本文使用DEA方法测度了2005-2007年我国各省能源效率。通过在CRS模型中限定资本和劳动力为非意愿变量,发现效率提高了三年间能源技术效率平均提高4.32%,但各省之间的差异没有明显缩小迹象。比较全要素技术效率与能源技术效率得分还可以发现,能源效率低于劳动力和资本效率。进一步利用Malmquist生产指数的测算结果表明,技术进步是目前生产效率提高的主要因素,而且多数省份的技术进步还是倾向于劳动力和资本。     

我的理论生涯——与马克思主义结缘60年的风雨历程

我从接触马克思主义到后来从事党的理论工作,算起来将近60年了.<浙江社会科学>编辑部约我写一篇回顾总结理论生涯的文章,我开始感到自己写自己毕竟未必合适,但继而一想,觉得对自己60年来的有关历程作一番回顾,反思一些事情,梳理几条感受,也许不无益处,所以还是答应了.     

Investigating the mechanism of marital mortality reduction: The transition to widowhood and quality of health care

While it is well known that the widowed suffer increased mortality risks, the mechanism of this survival disadvantage is still under investigation. In this article, we examine the quality of health care as a possible link between widowhood and mortality using a unique data set of 475,313 elderly couples who were followed up for up to nine years. We address whether the transition to widowhood affects the quality of care that individuals receive and explore the extent to which these changes mediate the elevated mortality hazard for the widowed. We analyze six established measures of quality of health care in a fixed-effect framework to account for unobserved heterogeneity. Caregiving and acute bereavement during the transition to widowhood appear to distract individuals from taking care of their own health care needs in the short run. However, being widowed does not have long-term detrimental effects on individuals’ ability to sustain contact with the formal medical system. Moreover, the short-run disruption does not mediate the widowhood effect on mortality. Nevertheless, long after spousal death, men suffer from a decline in the quality of informal care, coordination between formal and informal care, and the ability to advocate and communicate in formal medical settings. These findings illustrate women’s centrality in the household production of health and identify important points of intervention in optimizing men’s adjustment to widowhood.     

民俗志的学术定位和书写

本文对近年来民俗志书写理论和实践上的一些新探索作了初步梳理,指出了"标志性文化统领式民俗志"对于创新民俗志书写模式、增强民俗志书写主位视角和对话功能的意义以及"感受之学"在探寻民俗志独特学科品格上做出的探索和努力.     

Comparison of dichotomized and distributional approaches in rare event clinical trial design: a fixed Bayesian design

This research was motivated by our goal to design an efficient clinical trial to compare two doses of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation for reducing the rate of earliest preterm births (ePTB) and/or preterm births (PTB). Dichotomizing continuous gestational age (GA) data using a classic binomial distribution will result in a loss of information and reduced power. A distributional approach is an improved strategy to retain statistical power from the continuous distribution. However, appropriate distributions that fit the data properly, particularly in the tails, must be chosen, especially when the data are skewed. A recent study proposed a skew-normal method. We propose a three-component normal mixture model and introduce separate treatment effects at different components of GA. We evaluate operating characteristics of mixture model, beta-binomial model, and skew-normal model through simulation. We also apply these three methods to data from two completed clinical trials from the USA and Australia. Finite mixture models are shown to have favorable properties in PTB analysis but minimal benefit for ePTB analysis. Normal models on log-transformed data have the largest bias. Therefore we recommend finite mixture model for PTB study. Either finite mixture model or beta-binomial model is acceptable for ePTB study.     

On extreme order statistics from heterogeneous beta distributions with applications

This paper treats the problem of stochastic comparisons for the extreme order statistics arising from heterogeneous beta distributions. Some sufficient conditions involved in majorization-type partial orders are provided for comparing the extreme order statistics in the sense of various magnitude orderings including the likelihood ratio order, the reversed hazard rate order, the usual stochastic order, and the usual multivariate stochastic order. The results established here strengthen and extend those including Kochar and Xu (2007 Kochar, S.C., Xu, M. (2007). Stochastic comparisons of parallel systems when components have proportional hazard rates. Probab. Eng. Inf. Sci. 21:597–609.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), Mao and Hu (2010 Mao, T., Hu, T. (2010). Equivalent characterizations on orderings of order statistics and sample ranges. Probab. Eng. Inf. Sci. 24:245–262.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), Balakrishnan et al. (2014 Balakrishnan, N., Barmalzan, G., Haidari, A. (2014). On usual multivariate stochastic ordering of order statistics from heterogeneous beta variables. J. Multivariate Anal. 127:147–150.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), and Torrado (2015 Torrado, N. (2015). On magnitude orderings between smallest order statistics from heterogeneous beta distributions. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 426:824–838.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). A real application in system assembly and some numerical examples are also presented to illustrate the theoretical results.     

论民族、民族国家与现代民族国家——以中国本土学术话语中的“民族”为中心

中国本土学术话语中的“民族”概念有一个演进的过程.古代“族”的概念以及“族类”观构成了中国传统文化中的一种群体分类体系.近代“民族”的使用始于西方术语翻译和汉语由文言向白话的转变,明显受到西方民族-国家和民族主义理论的影响.新中国成立后,马克思主义与苏联模式长期在我国民族理论研究中占据主导地位,围绕民族译名及民族形成问题出现过几次论争.20世纪90年代以来,国内学界对民族概念的讨论日益朝解构和多元反思的方向发展.综而观之,中国本土民族概念的传统导源于中华民族历史形成的多元一体格局,强大的包容性使其逐渐形成了内涵丰富、外延宽泛、使用灵活的独特话语体系.目前学界对民族国家与现代民族国家的使用不够规范,建议把民族国家作为特指性概念专门指称西欧早期民族国家,而把现代民族国家作为泛指性概念,用来指称所有时期和类型的民族国家.     

生物权力法则:长卡司机被纳入艾滋病监测的过程与原因

以风险行为定义的艾滋病高危人群概念在引入中国后发生了质变,最明显的例证是原本不属于高危人群的长途卡车司机竟也被纳入哨点监测系统,这本身是一个错误假设引发的错误判断。作为当代医学社会学关键性概念之一,"生物权力"系指政府机构利用法规和行政手段在公共健康问题上对普通公民的管理、控制、支配以及规训,它会以维护公众利益为理由侵入到私人生活最隐秘的空间。鉴于中国的长卡司机在严格意义上不属于高危人群,要求这一人群在常规体检期间接受艾滋病监测的做法涉及到公共权力与个人权利的紧张问题,同时凸显着医学知识的建构和卫生机构的政策倡导对生物权力的左右。