The Experience of Learning EFT in Spanish-speaking Countries: A Multi-National Replication Study

This study is a multi-national follow-up to the original (Sandberg and Knestel (2011) Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 37, 393–410) article on the process of learning Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy (EFT). A total of 102 clinicians from nine Spanish-speaking countries (Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Spain, Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, and El Salvador) participated in the study. A comparison of results across the two studies revealed more similarities than differences. However, a few notable differences emerged from responses to qualitative questions, namely a heightened sense of appreciation for and resonance with the focus on core emotion in EFT and less frequent reports of difficulty learning and adapting to the model among Spanish-speaking therapists. These differences were consistent with common cultural values and forms of expression in Latin America and Spain. Results are discussed in terms of training, supervision, and future research as well.     

Three Women Writing/Riding Feminism's Third Wave

In this article the authors compare their own stories of developing a feminist consciousness in order to demonstrate how the distinction between feminist waves and feminist generations can be a productive one. They argue that the metaphor of waves must be delineated from the family metaphor of generation in order to maintain the fluidity that exists within a generational cohort of feminist scholars. Their narrative begins where they all meet, at the University of Minnesota in 2001, and interweaves stories of how they eventually come together in the same institution as feminist scholars. Their stories illustrate that although they each identify as feminists, and each fall into the category often referred to as third wave, their pursuit of a feminist agenda has followed different trajectories. Taken together, their personal narratives unpack and explore the wave metaphor for describing individuals, provide a critique of feminist generations, and illustrate the multiplicity of third wave feminism.     

Demography of the Firm: A Useful Metaphor?

Demography of the firm is an interdisciplinaryresearch field of economics, sociology andeconomic geography. Although the name suggestsotherwise, demographic input has been limiteduntil recently. This article argues that thedemographic viewpoint may lead to added value.The metaphor is relevant, not because firms aresimilar to biological creatures (they are not),but because there are significant parallels inthe mechanisms of population change, as aresult of selective processes of birth anddeath, as well as aging and internal change ofincumbent firms. The nature of these changeprocesses at the micro level has to be studiedusing theories from other disciplines, such aseconomics, sociology and geography; a situationquite similar to that of human demography. Thearticle compares similarities and discrepanciesbetween the processes of birth and death infirm and human populations, as well as the mostimportant dimensions of population structureand change, e.g. age, period, and cohort. Amain difference is that in addition to thesefamiliar variables in human demography, firmsize and growth, and economic activity are alsomajor dimensions of the structure of firmpopulations. Because there are stronginteractions between these variables, anydemographic analysis, for instance to determinethe age curve of mortality, should also takeinto account these variables.     

Maintenance of Urban Ethnic Boundaries: the French in St. Boniface*

The tendency to doom French Canadians outside Quebec to assimilation seems to be based on the premise that state boundaries with political and economic control over an ecological boundary are required in order for a population to be nationalized into a cohesive group. Although the French had early opportunities to dominate ecological, demographic, political and economic macro-structures in St. Boniface, they quickly lost out to the British. The French community has remained strong for 160 years by means of enclavic social factors such as residential segregation, institutional completeness, cultural identity, and social distance. French self-identification with social psychological factors such as a religious ideology, amidst rich historical symbols, is strongly supported by the status elite and a majority of French residents in St. Boniface. This enclave is changing to some extent but a distinct core of French identification remains. A resurgence of Franco-Manitoban identity is hardly taking place, but there is much evidence of reinterpretation and revitalization.     

Twilight for organized labor

Conclusion The Old Unionism, organized labor in the private economy, is in irreversible decline. Economic and market factors beyond its control are principally responsible. The absence of effective leadership and its emphasis on political, instead of trade union, goals do not help. The substitution has diverted much of organized labor’s large financial resources to advancing a political agenda which has brought no material gains in membership and market share, but stigmatizes the union movement as a “special interest” group and as the Luddites of the new century: “American labor organizations ... are shaped much more basically by events of the past century than by forces of the past fifteen years” (Dunlop, 1978, p. 79). I am indebted to Ka-Neng Au, librarian at the Dana Library of Rutgers University, Newark, for his accurate and timely assistance with research information and citations of various references.     

On the age-sex composition of the population that would result from given fertility and mortality conditions

This article presents new formulas for calculating the eventual sex-ratio and the eventual age-sea composition of the population that would result from given fertility and mortality conditions. These formulas provide more accurate methods and are more widely applicable than earlier methods. The application of the formulas is illustrated through the use of available data on fertility and mortality conditions in the United States in 1964.     

How to Analyze Survey Data Pertaining to the Time Bind, and How Not to Analyze Such Data

This note considers various ways of analyzing survey data pertaining to a central thesis of The Time Bind (Hochschild, 1997), and it comments on the particular analysis presented by Brown and Booth (2002). The following kinds of problems will be discussed here: (1) problems pertaining to the measurement of concepts, (2) problems pertaining to the selection of the data to be analyzed, and (3) problems pertaining to the selection of the statistical models to be used in the analysis. Appropriate methods for dealing with each of these three kinds of problems are introduced and described in the present note. When these appropriate methods are compared with the particular methods applied by Brown and Booth (2002), we find fault with the latter methods. Our attention in this note is focused on the analysis of data pertaining to a central thesis of The Time Bind , but the general approach presented here can also be applied more generally to study other theses of interest in the social sciences.     

再谈知识分子与人文精神

"五四"以来,尽管对"人文主义"(humanism)有不同的理解,但一般都认为人文主义的论述与知识分子是分不开的。知识分子是一种启蒙式的人文主义者,自古到今,在中国的社会文化领域里始终有着举足轻重的地位,特别是知识分子自己觉得他永远站在一个中心位置来影响社会。这个基本的立场,在20世纪70、80年代后开始受到挑战。随着知识的工业化、专业化或体系化,人文精神变得离我们越来越遥远,知识分子的社会承担也变得越来越无足轻重。对于传统的知识分子的身份定位问题,有必要重新解构,作出新的思考。知识分子应该从文化实践中产生出来,他可以在现代社会里扮演多个角色,通过这些角色营造对社会、对文化有影响力的论说空间,这种影响力不同于原来的社会承担,更多的是知识的推广。当代知识分子可能会向两个方向分化:一些人以专业知识为主,更加专业化;另一些人会成为文化型的行动知识分子。