Area Social Deprivation and Public Health: Analyzing the Spatial Non-stationary Associations Using Geographically Weighed Regression

The prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) worldwide poses an alarming threat to public health. Recent literature has embraced the opinion that incorporating the social factors should advance the understanding of NCDs prevalence. In this context, examining the NCDs prevalence in association with area social deprivation should provide critical implications for coping with public health risks. However, few empirical studies have examined this specific issue, especially in the developing countries. Using the principal component analysis, an area social deprivation index (ASDI) is established for the Shenzhen city (China) by integrating ten indicators from four dimensions: education, housing, socially disadvantaged population, and economically disadvantaged population. The geographically weighted regression (GWR) is employed to analyze the associations between ASDI and the incidence rate of three prevalent NCDs at district scale. Spatial non-stationary relationships are identified for the three diseases. More specifically, prevalence of the three diseases is all positively correlated with the ASDI. Strength of the associations presents the geography that it generally decreases from the central city to the suburb. These findings suggest that greater possibility of NCDs prevalence would be expected in districts with higher social deprivation. Besides, the impact of social deprivation on NCDs prevalence is much stronger in the central city. The spatial stationarity can facilitate the formulation of location-specific preventive measurements. This paper is believed to provide an innovative insight for social indicators research.     

Work ability among nursing personnel in public hospitals and health centers in Campinas--Brazil

Nursing personnel is essential in hospital, health centers and enterprises and is the large work force in health system. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a large city in two public hospitals and five health centre with the objective of to evaluate the work ability and health aspects of nursing staff. The sample was composed by 570 workers. The Work Ability Index - WAI and a questionnaire with socio-demographic, health and life style data was applied. The majority of workers was women (83%), married (50.4%), and was working in night shift work (65.6%); 61.4% was auxiliary nursing, 22.3% was registered nurses (RN). The average age was 38.9 years (SD 7.8) and the Body Mass Index mean was 25.8 (SD 5.3). Only 17.2% referred to practice at least 150 minutes of physical exercise five times per week or more. 26.8% had a second job. The work ability mean was 39.3 (SD 5.3) points. Age had a negative correlation with WAI (p=0.0052). Public hospital and health centre workers had poor work ability score when compared with workers from another branches. Public policies related to workplace health promotion need to be implemented in public hospital and health centre to improve the work ability.     

团队网络特征对团队内非伦理行为扩散的影响： 社会网络视角研究

非伦理行为因其对团队的严重破坏而成为学术研究热点。个体嵌入在团队内部的社会网络中,因此除了个体特征、团队特征、情境特征等因素之外,网络特征对非伦理行为的扩散也有重要影响。由于社会网络具有动态演化特征,其研究也应采用动态范式。运用计算机仿真方法可以模拟现实中的社会网络结构及关系演变,并据此探究网络特征对非伦理行为扩散的影响机制。仿真结果表明,团队社会网络特征（关系密度和关系强度）对团队内非伦理行为扩散有正向作用,而团队特征（团队规模和团队内外控构成比例）调节这一正向关系。     

行程速度变化系数K大于3的四杆机构图解设计法

本文论述了K＞3的四杆机构的图解设计方法,分析其作图原理及在工程实际中的意义。     

从一体化组织到虚拟企业

网络经济的发展对市场交易产生了巨大影响 ,以一体化治理为主的传统企业组织模式的一些弊端开始显现 ,虚拟企业将取而代之成为新的主流企业模式。本文分析了虚拟企业与一体化的传统企业组织模式的主要区别 ,并对虚拟企业得以产生和发展的原因及其对我国企业发展的启示作了探讨。     

材料、方法与问题意识——对近年来宋代民间信仰研究的思考

本文讨论了宋代民间信仰研究中需要注意的几个重要问题:一是要注意材料的"碎片化"和"稀释"现象,所以收集文献时固然要尽可能"竭泽而渔",释读时更要注意其限制性;二是方法移植要注意宋代的特性,与历史学、宗教学等领域在理论层面进行对话;三是宋代民间信仰的研究不能满足于为各种解释模式提供证据,应该为理解传统中国社会提供独特的贡献,包括走出"唐宋变革论"的笼罩.     

浅析土家族民间丧葬绘画的文化艺术特征——以湖北地区长阳土家族自治县榔坪镇民间绘画田野调查为例

丧礼属人生礼仪中的大礼,土家族在丧葬方面有着自己独特的理解与习俗。土家族的丧葬绘画形式多样,如纸面绘画、木版绘画和织物绘画等,具有极高的历史和文化艺术研究价值。     

机遇与挑战——2008年北京奥运会对高校体育教育的影响

奥运会是青年的盛会,青年关注奥运最热情,青年参与奥运最直接,奥运因青年而活力四射,青春因奥运而绚丽多彩。2008年北京奥运为北京乃至全国的发展增添了强大的动力,也为高校体育教育创造了新的历史机遇,构建了新的实践舞台,提供了新的发展空间,提出了更高的历史责任和要求。本文探讨了2008年北京奥运会给高校体育教育带来的机遇与挑战。     

跨文化交际能力的培养与交际教学

论述了跨文化交际能力与交际能力的区别及联系 ,以及跨文化交际能力培养和交际教学的几个问题 ,着重指出 :跨文化交际能力的培养与教学模式和教学策略有着紧密联系     

严复与天津水师学堂

1880年8月,严复因专业造诣出色奉调天津,参与筹建天津水师学堂,修订学堂章程草案.旋任驾驶班洋文总(正)教习,主持本专业日常教学管理,并作为把关教习执教驾驶第一班,参酌英国皇家海军学院课程教导诸生,成效显著,奠定了该学堂在全国同类学校中的领先地位.此外,学堂创办之初,严复还广泛参与学堂招生及选聘外国教习等事宜,1886年一度代理总办之职,是仅次于总办的核心人物.严复1889年晋升会办、1893年升任总办,全面参与和主持学堂教学管理,勤于职守,多次受到上司肯定与朝廷表彰,为该学堂以至中国近代海防建设作出了重要贡献.