对“正宗性”的市场营销——日本西部茶道陶瓷工作者竞争的模式

在日本,独一无二性和正宗性紧密地与茶道陶瓷联系起来。从江户时代开始建立起来的保证正宗性的相关制度一直延续到今天。虽然为了保持正宗性曾经在一段时期使日本的陶瓷生产陷入低谷,但是坚守以家族、民族为中心的的民间工艺生产模式,也激发了对传统手工艺的热情。日本西部的陶瓷生产方式,在人们认识传统与现代、地域性与国际化之间架设起了一道桥梁。     

An overview of occupational accidents notification systems within the enlarged EU

This paper describes a comparative analysis of the official forms used for reporting occupational accidents within the EU-27 member states. The comparison is based on two analysis grids (coding schedule) created to that effect, which incorporate a set of evaluation criteria and an interpretation key. The results obtained in the analysis allowed for attention to be drawn to the relevant attributes of such forms in terms of their content and format/structure. It also revealed the main similarities and differences between each country, providing a complete assessment of the 27 member states. The discussion gives account of the level of implementation of the "new" Eurostat variables within the European Statistics of Accidents at Work (ESAW). Furthermore, the study shows that certain formats (structure of information fields) appear to facilitate completeness of the information collected. It has also demonstrated that the European harmonisation process is still far from completion, although the newcomer states seem to be adjusting quickly to the process. The findings of this study may bring useful insights to national authorities and European policy-makers, or to employers/enterprises wishing to implement their internal procedures aligned with the ESAW methodology. The scientific community is another interest group, whose research relies on official statistics, preferably comparable across all countries.     

Performance Evaluation in Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): An Analysis of Evaluation Models and their Applications in Brazil

The objective of this article is to deepen the debate surrounding the practice of evaluation as performed by Brazilian NGOs. In order to accomplish this goal, we examined the results of an investigation conducted between 2007 and 2009 that had two stages: first, a national study and second, a quantitative and qualitative study made in the state of Santa Catarina. We also considered secondary sources of data from two important studies on the national level that were conducted in 2008 and 2009 by the Fonte Institute, with partnership of the Itaú Social Foundation. The results showed that most NGOs use internal rather than external evaluation and conduct evaluations focused on projects and programs. Furthermore, they used evaluation mainly to help decision making about projects. Consequently, the majority of NGOs focused their evaluations on results and were not concerned with creating spaces for self-reflection and learning.     

A demand classification scheme for spare part inventory model subject to stochastic demand and lead time

In this study, we aim to develop a demand classification methodology for classifying and controlling inventory spare parts subject to stochastic demand and lead time. Using real data, the developed models were tested and their performances were evaluated and compared. The results show that the Laplace model provided superior performance in terms of service level, fill rate (FR) and inventory cost. Compared with the current system based on normal distribution, the proposed Laplace model yielded significant savings and good results in terms of the service level and the FR. The Laplace and Gamma optimisation models resulted in savings of 82 and 81%, respectively.     

Family networks in Andalusia,Spain

Family networks are a key resource for care in Spain, but this does not mean that they are explained by tradition or ideology. In fact, they are playing an important role in family change towards the dual-earner model supporting the involvement of mothers in paid work. The article analyses the structure of individuals' family networks as circles of non-cohabitant relatives which are kept active by relations, expectations, and mutual services. The information is based on the Family Networks Survey of Andalusia done in 2005 in this Spanish region to a wide sample of 10,000 interviewees.     

Gender differences in psychosocial predictors of self-perceived health status in the elderly: Evidence from a Brazilian community study

ABSTRACT

This article aims to identify the psychosocial factors associated with self-perceived health status in the Brazilian elderly population and to present differences related to gender. The data were collected by questionnaire, including sociodemographic and behavioral questions, and scales for psychological dimensions. Self-perceived health status is related to level of education, physical activity, and self-efficacy in the total population. Regarding gender differences, self-rated health status among men is related to education level and self-efficacy and in women to level of education, physical activity, social support, and self-efficacy. These results can inform future health promotion interventions.     

ON PREDICTION OF TOTAL VALUE IN INCOMPLETELY SPECIFIED DOMAINS

This paper presents the problem of prediction of a domain total value based on the general linear model. In many methods presented in the survey sampling literature (e.g. Cassel, Särndal & Wretman, 1977 [Foundations of inference in survey sampling, New York: John Wiley & Sons]; Valliant, Dorfman & Royall, 2000 [Finite population sampling and inference. A prediction approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons]; Rao, 2003 [Small area estimation. New York; John Wiley & Sons]) a common assumption is that for each element of a population the domain to which it belongs is known. This assumption is especially important in the situation when a superpopulation model with auxiliary variables is considered. In this paper a method is proposed for prediction of the domain total when it is not known whether a unit belongs to a given domain or not, or when the information is available only for sampled elements of the population.     

The measurement of gender wage discrimination: the distributional approach revisited

This paper presents the advantages of taking into account the distribution of the individual wage gap when analyzing female wage discrimination. Several limitations of previous approaches such as the classic Oaxaca–Blinder and the recent distributive proposals using quantile regressions or counterfactual functions are thoroughly discussed. The methodology presented here relies on Jenkins’ (J Econom 61:81–102, 1994) work and supports the use of poverty and deprivation literature techniques that are directly applicable to the measurement of discrimination. In an empirical illustration, we quantify the relevance of the glass ceiling and sticky floor phenomena in the Spanish labor market.