全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11328篇 |
免费 | 46篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 1642篇 |
民族学 | 105篇 |
人口学 | 2485篇 |
丛书文集 | 5篇 |
理论方法论 | 616篇 |
综合类 | 300篇 |
社会学 | 4927篇 |
统计学 | 1294篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 4篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 30篇 |
2018年 | 1675篇 |
2017年 | 1685篇 |
2016年 | 1110篇 |
2015年 | 53篇 |
2014年 | 65篇 |
2013年 | 189篇 |
2012年 | 357篇 |
2011年 | 1179篇 |
2010年 | 1070篇 |
2009年 | 802篇 |
2008年 | 838篇 |
2007年 | 1028篇 |
2006年 | 37篇 |
2005年 | 248篇 |
2004年 | 276篇 |
2003年 | 232篇 |
2002年 | 119篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 29篇 |
1998年 | 13篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 45篇 |
1995年 | 14篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 17篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 5篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Many recent institutional reforms of the financial system have relied on the introduction of an explicit scheme of deposit insurance. This instrument aims at two main targets, contributing to systemic stability and protecting depositors. However, it may also affect the interest rate spread in the banking system, which can be viewed as an indicator of either inefficiency or market power in this financial segment. This paper provides an empirical investigation of the effect of deposit insurance and other institutional and economic variables on bank interest rates across countries. We find that deposit insurance increases the lending–deposit spread in banking. The main effect seems to arise not from the deposit side though, but from an increase in the lending rate. We interpret this result as evidence of the presence of moral hazard problems related to this instrument. We also find that higher quality of institutions is associated with lower spreads, thus contributing to eroding sources of market power in the banking sector. 相似文献
32.
33.
34.
Collective bargaining requires that an agent represent workers. This paper examines the implications for the trade union movement
of the resulting agency costs. Without transferable rights in the union, union members lack the means and incentive to bring
forth the innovative agent controls common to the modern corporation. Considerations of the bargaining strengths of employers
and employees, each represented by an agent, provide an explanation of the simultaneous decline of private sector union membership
(corporate share holders have been more successful at lowering agency costs) and growth of public sector union representation
(where the union official, a “double agent,” serves the interest of both employee and bureaucratic employer).
The authors acknowledge the helpful remarks Donald L. Martin whose earlier research on property rights in unions inspired
this effort. Don Bellante’s work was supported by a grant from the Research Committee of the College of Business Administration,
University of South Florida. 相似文献
35.
We employ vector autoregressive techniques to determine the current state of the labor queue. Unemployment rate differentials
have narrowed in recent years, potentially due to a change in the queue ordering, though a tight labor market and a stable
queue would yield similar results. We find no evidence that the queue ordering has changed, which brings into question the
resiliency of gains made by minority groups. We employ the same techniques to reveal the state of the queue across geographic
regions and find that substantial differences exist across regions, implying variation in the relative labor force status
of demographic groups. 相似文献
36.
Philip L. H. Yu K. F. Lam S. M. Lo 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society)》2005,168(3):583-597
Summary. Factor analysis is a powerful tool to identify the common characteristics among a set of variables that are measured on a continuous scale. In the context of factor analysis for non-continuous-type data, most applications are restricted to item response data only. We extend the factor model to accommodate ranked data. The Monte Carlo expectation–maximization algorithm is used for parameter estimation at which the E-step is implemented via the Gibbs sampler. An analysis based on both complete and incomplete ranked data (e.g. rank the top q out of k items) is considered. Estimation of the factor scores is also discussed. The method proposed is applied to analyse a set of incomplete ranked data that were obtained from a survey that was carried out in GuangZhou, a major city in mainland China, to investigate the factors affecting people's attitude towards choosing jobs. 相似文献
37.
Point processes are the stochastic models most suitable for describing physical phenomena that appear at irregularly spaced
times, such as the earthquakes. These processes are uniquely characterized by their conditional intensity, that is, by the
probability that an event will occur in the infinitesimal interval (t, t+Δt), given the history of the process up tot. The seismic phenomenon displays different behaviours on different time and size scales; in particular, the occurrence of
destructive shocks over some centuries in a seismogenic region may be explained by the elastic rebound theory. This theory
has inspired the so-called stress release models: their conditional intensity translates the idea that an earthquake produces
a sudden decrease in the amount of strain accumulated gradually over time along a fault, and the subsequent event occurs when
the stress exceeds the strength of the medium. This study has a double objective: the formulation of these models in the Bayesian
framework, and the assignment to each event of a mark, that is its magnitude, modelled through a distribution that depends
at timet on the stress level accumulated up to that instant. The resulting parameter space is constrained and dependent on the data,
complicating Bayesian computation and analysis. We have resorted to Monte Carlo methods to solve these problems. 相似文献
38.
Michael S. Rendall Ryan Admiraal Alessandra DeRose Paola DiGiulio Mark S. Handcock Filomena Racioppi 《Statistical Methods and Applications》2008,17(4):519-539
In non-experimental research, data on the same population process may be collected simultaneously by more than one instrument.
For example, in the present application, two sample surveys and a population birth registration system all collect observations
on first births by age and year, while the two surveys additionally collect information on women’s education. To make maximum
use of the three data sources, the survey data are pooled and the population data introduced as constraints in a logistic
regression equation. Reductions in standard errors about the age and birth-cohort parameters of the regression equation in
the order of three-quarters are obtained by introducing the population data as constraints. A halving of the standard errors
about the education parameters is achieved by pooling observations from the larger survey dataset with those from the smaller
survey. The percentage reduction in the standard errors through imposing population constraints is independent of the total
survey sample size. 相似文献
39.
40.