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981.
Cleo D. Redline Don A. Dillman Lisa CarleyBaxter Robert H. Creecy 《Allgemeines Statistisches Archiv》2005,89(1):21-38
Summary: In this paper we examine the tendency for branching instructions to be ignored,
misread, or otherwise not appropriately followed so that item nonresponse occurs
for follow–up questions. The potential influence on branching errors of seven features of
question complexity are examined, including high number of question words, high number
of answer categories, last categories branch, all categories branch, write–in responses,
location at the bottom of a page, and high distance between the answer box and branching
instruction. A logistic regression analysis revealed that question complexity had a
tendency to increase certain errors, but not others.* A more detailed version of this paper with additional analysis and discussion is
available at http://www.sesrc.wsu.edu/dillman/. The opinions expressed here are those
of the authors, not necessarily of the institutions where they presently work or the U.S.
Census Bureau, which provided financial support for the collection of these data. We
would like to thank Aref Dajani and Yves Thibaudeau for their advice on the analysis
used in this paper. 相似文献
982.
There has been little research into the stressors, psychological distress and musculoskeletal symptoms experienced by dentists. The present study was carried out among a random sample of New Zealand dentists (N=413). The present study aimed to identify the severity of work psychosocial stressors, examine the occurrence of musculoskeletal discomfort and psychological disturbance, and determine relationships between these factors. The average age of the dentists was 43 years, with 74% being male. The annual prevalence of symptoms in both the lower back or neck was 63%, with 49% experiencing symptoms in the shoulders. Older dentists were no more likely to suffer musculoskeletal discomfort than younger dentists. The highest ranking dentistry-specific work-related stressor was 'patients having a medical emergency' with 78% scoring this stressor very highly. Dentists scored mental demands as the highest general work-related stressor. One-fifth of the dentists scored highly for psychological disturbance, which was very similar to the general population. Dentists with high scores for dentistry-specific work-related stressors were more likely to have evidence of psychological disturbance. The relationships between psychological disturbance and musculoskeletal discomfort needs to be taken into account when considering any multidisciplinary approach to prevention. 相似文献
983.
In the past four decades, Hong Kong has seen a dramatic transformation of the social location of women in the public sphere,
with deep and far-reaching ramifications for courtship, marriage, fertility, conceptions of parenthood, familial power, and
equality and freedom. A sociology of the family is thus by necessity a sociology of women in particular, and of gender relations
in general. Indeed, recent developments in research on marriage and the family in Hong Kong reflect this new awareness. Using
rigorous sociological frameworks, this new line of research has begun to meet with some success in analyzing contemporary
social issues that are prominent in the public consciousness. This essay reviews studies of four topical areas: determinants
of the postponement of first marriage among women, the effect of live-in foreign domestic workers on family dynamics, violence
against women and children in the family, and the livelihood strategies of cross-border families. These studies have attempted
to integrate the interplay of the impact of a changing economy and society on the family and the role played by women in the
family. The resulting dynamic interactions amongst the members within the family and the changes they bring about become propellants
for change in the economy and society and pose new challenges. The family is indeed a troubled institution. It is so because
myriad public issues are being taken on, confronted, worked through, and acted out within the family. The agony, and indeed
the ecstasy, of the family is a reflection of the success, and failure, of society. 相似文献
984.
Julie H. Carmalt John Cawley Kara Joyner Jeffery Sobal 《Journal of marriage and the family》2008,70(5):1287-1296
Matching and attribute trade are two perspectives used to explain mate selection. We investigated patterns of matching and trade, focusing on obesity, using Add Health Romantic Pair data (N = 1,405 couples). Obese individuals, relative to healthy weight individuals, were less likely to have physically attractive partners, with this disadvantage greater for women than men, and greater for White women than Black women. Additional education, a more attractive personality, and better grooming increased the probability of having a physically attractive partner and offset the disadvantage of obesity for some individuals. Unexpectedly, we found women, like men, trade education for their partners’ physical attractiveness. Despite evidence of attribute trade, matching with respect to physical characteristics was the dominant mate selection pattern. 相似文献
985.
986.
H. Salonen 《Social Choice and Welfare》1987,4(1):1-8
The purpose of the paper is to study partially monotonic solutions for two-person bargaining problems. Partial monotonicity relates to the uncertainty a player has about the solution before bargaining. If the minimum utility a player can expect is greater in game T than in game S, and if T contains more alternatives than S, this may bring him to expect that his utility at the solution is greater in T than in S. Partially monotonic solutions reflect these expectations.One partially monotonic solution is axiomatized. The axioms of symmetry and independence of linear transformations are not explicitly assumed, although the solution has also these properties. The Kalai-Smorodinsky solution is shown to be the only continuous partially monotonic solution.This study was financed by the Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation, which is gratefully acknowledged. I like to thank an associate editor and a referee for their valuable suggestions, and the Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation Study Group on Public Economics for useful discussions 相似文献
987.
The impact of gender on gambling attitudes and behavior 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
H. Elaine Lindgren George A. Youngs Jr. Thomas D. McDonald Daniel J. Klenow Eldon C. Schriner 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》1987,3(3):155-167
Researchers have often attributed the consistent relation of gender and gambling behavior to gender role socialization. If they are correct, gender should affect different sets of gambling attitudes in a manner consistent with at least three aspects of gender role socialization: a double standard of morality, a guardian of the hearth role for women, and a dualism of orientations. A survey measuring gambling attitudes and behavior was sent to a sample of residents in North Dakota after legalization of several games of chance (e.g., blackjack). Gender affects behavior but only some of the specified attitudes. These mixed results may reflect changes in gender role socialization and the increasing legalization of gambling. 相似文献
988.
989.
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