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51.
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In this paper we contribute to the debate on convergence, by presenting an overview of the catch up process of the European
regions between 1995 and 2006, focusing on both absolute and conditional β convergence. Our focus is on the role of infrastructure
stocks in shaping the growth and convergence process between EU regions and to what extent the spatial dimension of the data
affects results. We also explicitly examine the link between infrastructure evolution and regional economic growth with a
spatial panel data approach. Our results confirm an ongoing convergence process at the EU regional level, and assess the important
role of transport and telecommunication infrastructure, with traditional and spatial estimation techniques. We also confirm,
in a panel setting, the strong positive correlation between transport and TLC indicators and GDP growth at the regional level. 相似文献
53.
Fabio Maccheroni Fabio Maccheroni Massimo Marinacci Massimo Marinacci 《Social Choice and Welfare》2003,20(3):457-465
Existential and constructive solutions to the classic problems of fair division are known for individuals with constant marginal
evaluations. By considering nonatomic concave capacities instead of nonatomic probability measures, we extend some of these
results to the case of individuals with decreasing marginal evaluations.
Received: 12 June 2001/Accepted: 23 May 2002
An earlier version of this paper, Caltech Social Science Working Paper # 1126, was titled “How to cut a cake healthily”.
We wish to thank Maristella Botticini, Erio Castagnoli, Marco Dall'Aglio, Paolo Ghirardato, Luigi Montrucchio, Marco Scarsini,
Marciano Siniscalchi, as well as Maurice Salles (the Editor), an Associate Editor, and four anonymous Referees for helpful
suggestions. The financial support of MIUR, CNR, and Università Bocconi is gratefully acknowledged. Part of this research
was done while the first author was visiting Boston University and the California Institute of Technology, which he thanks
for their hospitality. 相似文献
54.
55.
We provide conditions under which ambiguity fades away in sampling with replacement from the same “ambiguous” urn.
Received: November 1999; revised version: July 2001 相似文献
56.
Although the concept of memory is primarilyassociated with individuals, researcherssuggest that memory could also pertain tosupra-individual groups. It is commonlybelieved that organisations retain someknowledge of the past when key organisationalmembers leave. While there have been empiricaland theoretical works on organisational memory(e.g. Cohen and Bacdayan, 1994; Nelson andWinter, 1982) as well as review works (e.g.Walsh and Ungson, 1991), a critical synthesisof the interpretative approaches oforganisational memory that have emerged ismissing. Using the distinction put forward byBartlett (1961) on memory of the groupand memory within the group, this paperprovides a framework within which we discussand contrast the positions of those that arguethat a memory of the organisation can beidentified and indeed stored in the hierarchyof repetitive patterns of organisationalbehaviour (memory of the group) and thosethat maintain that members of any organisationsdo not share rules and therefore memory doesnot and cannot emerge as a feature of anorganisation (memory within the group). The paper argues that the concept of organisational context constitutes a linkbetween these two main approaches. Implications for theoretical interpretation offirm and empirical research are drawn. 相似文献
57.
Bacci ML 《Population and development review》2011,37(1):161-165
This symposium takes as its point of departure two books by Massimo Livi Bacci, Conquest and El Dorado in the Marshes, published in English in 2008 and 2010. Livi Bacci assesses widely varying estimates of the demographic dimensions of the collapse of the Native populations following their contact with Europeans and elucidates the proximate causes of that catastrophe. Drawing on models that combine production potential with demography, environment, and technology, Shripad Tuljapurkar discusses analogous historical experiences of the populations of Polynesia and the social transformation they entailed. David S. Reher argues that explanations of the estimated demographic dynamics need to take into account the negative fertility responses of the Indigenous population to the disruption of their traditional way of life. Focusing on the biological aspects of immunity to diseases such as smallpox, Andrew Noymer demonstrates that infectious diseases alone could not account for the Indios' population collapse. The contributions to this symposium are based on presentations at a session at the 2010 annual meeting of the Population Association of America, held in Dallas, Texas, that examined the demographic consequences of the Spanish conquest of the Caribbean region and of South America in light of the two books. 相似文献
58.
Among the many tools suited to detect local clusters in group-level data, Kulldorff–Nagarwalla’s spatial scan statistic gained wide popularity (Kulldorff and Nagarwalla in Stat Med 14(8):799–810, 1995). The underlying assumptions needed for making statistical inference feasible are quite strong, as counts in spatial units are assumed to be independent Poisson distributed random variables. Unfortunately, outcomes in spatial units are often not independent of each other, and risk estimates of areas that are close to each other will tend to be positively correlated as they share a number of spatially varying characteristics. We therefore introduce a Bayesian model-based algorithm for cluster detection in the presence of spatially autocorrelated relative risks. Our approach has been made possible by the recent development of new numerical methods based on integrated nested Laplace approximation, by which we can directly compute very accurate approximations of posterior marginals within short computational time (Rue et al. in JRSS B 71(2):319–392, 2009). Simulated data and a case study show that the performance of our method is at least comparable to that of Kulldorff–Nagarwalla’s statistic. 相似文献
59.
Social Indicators Research - Social Indicators Research (SIR) year by year has consolidated its preeminent position in the debate concerning the study of all the aspects of quality of life. The... 相似文献
60.
In many industries, the traditional sources of competitive advantage tend to evaporate fairly rapidly. Therefore, managers need to continually rethink and reformulate their firm strategies. Likewise, scholars have felt compelled to shift the traditional centre of attention from competitive advantage that is sustainable over time to a focus on how firms compete by achieving a series of temporary advantages. However, the proliferation of research on temporary competitive advantage, far from building a solid body of literature, has produced a series of fragmented studies. This condition calls for detecting the state of knowledge in this realm of strategic inquiry. By leveraging the present status of the literature on temporary competitive advantage, we offer a conceptual map of the current inquiry of the antecedents, management, and consequences of temporary competitive advantage. Then, we identify the key implications for strategy theory and discuss the major challenges for cultivating fertile territories in this intriguing area of research. 相似文献