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991.
992.
Jason Manning 《Sociological Forum》2012,27(1):207-227
Suicide may be moralistic in nature—a response to conduct the perpetrator defines as deviant. Moralistic suicide can be explained with a general theory of social control. Donald Black’s theories of social control explain the handling of grievances with their social structure—or geometry—as defined by the social characteristics and relationships of those involved in a conflict. Here I draw on Black’s paradigm of pure sociology and theories of social control to identify the social structure of moralistic suicide. For example, moralistic suicide varies directly with social closeness and is greater in an upward direction than in a downward direction. This theory is simple, general, testable, and explains variation not addressed by previous theories of suicide. 相似文献
993.
Jeffrey H. Herbst Gordon Mansergh Nicole Pitts Damian Denson Matthew J. Mimiaga Jeremy Holman 《Journal of homosexuality》2018,65(2):154-166
This pilot study examined effects of HIV prevention messages about self and partner benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and condom effectiveness on increased intentions for behavior change. Data were from Messages4Men, a study examining prevention messages among 320 HIV-positive and 605 HIV-negative Black and Latino MSM. Men completed a computer-based assessment after message exposure, and multivariable models controlled for risky sex and demographics. A majority of HIV-positive men reported increased intentions for ART use; 22% reported partner benefit information was new. HIV-positive men with a detectable viral load had significantly greater adjusted odds of reporting intentions for ART use. Over half of HIV-negative MSM reported ART benefit information was new, and 88% reported increased intentions to discuss ART use with infected partners. Black MSM anticipated they would increase condom use in response to the self and partner benefit messages. Tailored messages on benefits of ART are needed for MSM. 相似文献
994.
Determinants of urban tree canopy in residential neighborhoods: Household characteristics, urban form, and the geophysical landscape 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
The aesthetic, economic, and environmental benefits of urban trees are well recognized. Previous research has focused on understanding
how a variety of social and environmental factors are related to urban vegetation. The aim is often to provide planners with
information that will improve residential neighborhood design, or guide tree planting campaigns encouraging the cultivation
of urban trees. In this paper we examine a broad range of factors we hypothesize are correlated to urban tree canopy heterogeneity
in Salt Lake County, Utah. We use a multi-model inference approach to evaluate the relative contribution of these factors
to observed heterogeneity in urban tree canopy cover, and discuss the implications of our analysis. An important contribution
of this work is an explicit attempt to account for the confounding effect of neighborhood age in understanding the relationship between human and environmental factors, and urban tree canopy. We use regression analysis
with interaction terms to assess the effects of 15 human and environmental variables on tree canopy abundance while holding
neighborhood age constant. We demonstrate that neighborhood age is an influential covariate that affects how the human and
environmental factors relate to the abundance of neighborhood tree canopy. For example, we demonstrate that in new neighborhoods
a positive relationship exists between street density and residential tree canopy, but the relationship diminishes as the
neighborhood ages. We conclude that to better understand the determinants of urban tree canopy in residential areas it is
important to consider both human and environmental factors while accounting for neighborhood age. 相似文献
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Tess Armstrong Matthew Rockloff Nancy Greer Phillip Donaldson 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2017,33(3):735-767
Automated gambling products are now a common feature on many casino floors. Despite their increasing prevalence, little research has considered the impact of converting games traditionally free from technological enhancements to automated versions. This review seeks to illustrate how automation is likely to change the way people engage and experience traditional games based around five prominent modifications: visual and auditory enhancements; illusions of control; cognitive complexity; expedited play; and social customisation. Otherwise known as the “VICES” framework. The inclusion of rich graphics, event-dependent sound and game-play information such as statistics, history, betting options and strategic betting are likely to prolong and entice gambling while encouraging more intense betting. Changes to the social environment due to the asocial nature of automated products is also likely to significantly change the gambling experience. Given the increasing prevalence of these products in the marketplace, it is important to consider the implications of converting traditional products to automated form as technological enhancements have the potential to allow for faster, more intense betting. More research is needed to determine the full impact of automation on player behaviours in order to understand the potential risks associated with technological enhancements to traditional games. 相似文献
998.
Matthew S. M. Lim Robert D. Rogers 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2017,33(4):1325-1336
Problematic patterns of gambling and their harms are known to have culturally specific expressions. For ethnic Chinese people, patterns of superstitious belief in this community appear to be linked to the elevated rates of gambling-related harms; however, little is known about the mediating psychological mechanisms. To address this issue, we surveyed 333 Chinese gamblers residing internationally and used a mediation analysis to explore how gambling-related cognitive biases, gambling frequency and variety of gambling forms (‘scope’) mediate the association between beliefs in luck and gambling problems. We found that cognitive biases and scope were significant mediators of this link but that the former is a stronger mediator than the latter. The mediating erroneous beliefs were not specific to any particular type of cognitive bias. These results suggest that Chinese beliefs in luck are expressed as gambling cognitive biases that increase the likelihood of gambling problems, and that biases that promote gambling (and its harms) are best understood within their socio-cultural context. 相似文献
999.
Addressing the Needs of Adults and Children with Disabilities through Emergency Preparedness and Organizational Improvisation
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Matthew Fifolt Jessica Wakelee Laurie Eldridge‐Auffant Renae Carpenter Lisle Hites 《Nonprofit management & leadership》2017,27(3):423-434
The purpose of this qualitative study is to describe the experiences of fifteen organizational leaders and staff members who were responsible for caring for adults and children with disabilities during a 2014 winter storm. This study integrates the literature bases of emergency management and organizational improvisation. In response to this severe unexpected winter weather event, organizational leaders and staff members demonstrated creativity and flexibility in addressing the needs of clients, students, and patients, including adults and children with disabilities. The study concludes with reflections about emergency planning and organizational improvisation, practical implications, and a call to action to learn from these events and provide additional training and resources to individuals who may be in similar situations in the future. 相似文献
1000.
Jayleen Galarza Dara Bourassa Matthew Shupp Charlene Lane 《Journal of gay & lesbian social services》2017,29(1):25-40
ABSTRACTAs the number of individuals 65 and older continues to grow, so too does the richness and complexity of their identity. Specifically, the culture of aging within the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) community has received little attention in the literature. In order to best serve this population, human service professionals must understand the reality of aging within diverse communities. This article explores the impact of an invited campus speaker focused on LGBTQ+ aging on a rural college campus. Results indicate a general increase in overall knowledge and appreciation for issues directly impacting the aging LGBTQ+ community. Recommendations for practice, grounded in a social justice framework, are shared. 相似文献