Short-term demographic fluctuations in the croatian military border of austria, 1830–1847

Crude birth, death and marriage rates are examined for the Croatian military defence zone andcordon sanitaire against Turkey for the period 1830–1847. From 20 to 80 per cent of the variance in medium- and short-term swings in rates can be attributed to epidemics and fluctuations in grain harvest and livestock holdings. Standardization of the data to adjust for extreme ecological variation between micro-regions is essential. The ‘Malthusian’ status of this late feudal population is established, at the outset of long-term fertility decline.     

Students as a resource for introducing intercultural education in business schools

Despite a recognized need for a global mindset, opportunities for US business school students to gain hands‐on diversity training regarding intercultural issues remain rare. The reasons for this neglect include a lack of agreement on how to teach intercultural awareness and a paucity of faculty qualified to do so. In order to introduce intercultural education into a core business course, students were offered the opportunity to participate in an extra‐credit project that required the development of a proposal for an international joint venture and afforded them the chance to learn about each other while pursuing a superordinate goal of value to each. Thirty‐nine cross‐cultural teams were created, each of which had a partner from the US and a partner from a different country. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed that the value of the project was closely related to the amount of learning that reportedly took place in both the business and cultural realms. Importantly, 73% of the students reported a strong interest in meeting people from different cultures as a result of participation in the project.     

Branded: The Economic Geographies of Streets Named in Honor of Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King,Jr.*

Objectives. We investigate the economic geographies of streets named for Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (MLK Streets), which are an increasingly common means by which various community members across the United States are attempting to commemorate the slain civil rights leader. It is our intent to characterize these negatively “branded” spaces in order to challenge some of the common perceptions about them and inform current and future MLK Street naming debates. Methods. We statistically analyze nonresidential establishments located on streets named for King in terms of scale (as measured by annual sales and employment) and industrial classification. To our knowledge, this is the first such analysis conducted at the national level. Results. Establishments located on MLK Streets do not systematically exhibit economic marginality. Establishments located on these streets do systematically exhibit unique local functions and industrial composition. Conclusion. In the absence of empirically‐driven research, the negative stereotypes that surround MLK Streets have gone unchallenged and are proliferating. The research reported here calls into question a number of these stereotypes and should inform the public, city councils, and other local policymakers, who are increasingly being faced with contentious MLK Street naming debates.     

利益分配对法律的挑战

旧制度下形成的分配观和分配行为已经很难在新的观念里立足。在个人利益日益受到重视并得到发展的同时,也必然面临个人利益与社会公共利益的分配不均以及其所带来的一些棘手的难题。如果这两种利益不能得到有效的均衡,则不仅法律没有尽到职责,而且隐患亦不小。在制度对利益分配的作用上,应该从消极的利益分配角色中转变过来,立足于积极的利益分配。     

内退制度设计与内退职工管理

为了帮助用人单位更好地理解《劳动合同法》,本刊邀请中国国际企业合作公司人力资源与咨询部法务中心以专题形式,就用人单位劳动关系管理过程中应当关注的重点问题进行解读。     

社会资本之长臂:日常交流获取工作信息对地位获得的影响

社会资本的能量是通过多种运用方式来发挥其在劳动力市场中对地位获得的提升作用的--我们可称之为社会资本的长臂,包括在找工作过程中动用社会关系及其资源这种看得见的方式,以及在日常社会交流中获得工作信息这种不是很显而易见的方式;在社会经济方面占据优势地位群体中的成员更容易在日常交流中获取较好的工作信息,因而可以获取并向网络成员提供有关好工作的信息;那些没有占据优势地位群体中的成员,主动发掘和动用社会关系变成了可行的另一途径;两种运用方式均对劳动力市场中的地位获得有不同程度的提升作用;进而通过对一个有关在职美国人的全国性样本的实证分析,发现即使控制了其他相关因素后,社会资本仍然发挥着重要作用.     

Accountability in research using persons with mental illness

Although medical research involving the use of persons with mental illness is critically important, in order for the research to be ethical and legal there are certain considerations and restrictions which should be immediately readdressed in order to insure that the welfare of these vulnerable research subjects is protected, and their best interests are assured. A brief historical examination of medical research codes, guidelines, recommendations and Federal Regulations reveals the various considerations and restrictions on informed consent and accountability applicable to the use of persons with mental illness in medical research. Several concerns are raised about how these considerations and restrictions have been interpreted, and specific recommendations are offered to improve them immediately by means of representation from consumers and/or their families, and organizations, e.g., NAMI members.