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41.
Ashworth Rachel; Boyne George; Delbridge Rick 《Jnl. of Public Admin. Research and Theory》2009,19(1):165-187
Institutional theory suggests that organizations pursue legitimacyby conforming to isomorphic pressures in their environment.We extend previous research on institutional theory by distinguishingbetween two definitions of conformity (compliance and convergence)and by taking a comprehensive view of the organizational characteristicsthat might be subject to isomorphic pressures. This frameworkis applied to change between 2001 and 2004 in the internal characteristicsof 101 public organizations in England. We find substantialevidence of compliance but more limited support for convergence.Furthermore, the impact of isomorphic pressures was strongeron organizational strategies and culture than on structuresand processes. Thus, the relevance of institutional theory tochange in the public sector depends on the definition of conformitythat is used and the organizational characteristics that areexamined. 相似文献
42.
Justin Pulford Maria Bellringer Max Abbott Dave Clarke David Hodgins Jeremy Williams 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2009,25(1):33-48
This paper presents barriers to help-seeking data as reported by users of a national gambling helpline (help-seekers, HS,
N = 125) as well as data pertaining to perceived barriers to seeking help as reported by gamblers recruited from the general
population (non-help-seekers, NHS,
N = 104). All data were collected via a structured, multi-modal survey. When asked to identify actual or perceived barriers
to seeking help, responses indicative of pride (78% of HS participants, 84% of NHS participants), shame (73% of HS participants,
84% of NHS participants) or denial (87% of NHS participants) were most frequently reported. These three factors were also
most often identified as the real or perceived primary barrier to help-seeking (collectively accounting for 55% of HS, and
60% of NHS, responses to this question) and were the only barriers to be identified by more than 10% of either HS and NHS
participants without prompting. It was of note, however, that participants in both groups identified multiple barriers to
help-seeking (mean of 6.7 and 12.2, respectively) and that, when presented with a list of 21 possible barrier items, NHS participants
endorsed 19 of the listed items significantly more often than their HS counterparts. The implications of these findings, with
respect to promoting greater or earlier help-seeking activity amongst problem gamblers, are discussed.
相似文献
Justin PulfordEmail: |
43.
We present findings from a nonexperimental evaluation of an employment program in which both partners in young, low-income,
primarily African-American couples simultaneously participated. Mothers participating in the couples program had larger immediate
gains in employment and earnings and decreases in TANF receipt following their exit from the program relative to mothers who
received employment assistance as individuals. Fathers showed similar although weaker results. These immediate benefits appeared
to be driven by higher rates of program completion among couples’ participants. Couples in which both partners completed the
program experienced the largest quarterly earnings gains, and couples with greater earnings’ gains were more likely to still
be together one year after the program ended. Mothers’ earnings gains eroded in the two years following program completion
and many reported new pregnancies and problems with child care. We suggest directions for future programs and encourage future
studies to consider the range of mechanisms associated with a couples focus, including potential motivational benefits and
unintended consequences.
相似文献
Carolyn J. Heinrich (Corresponding author)Email: |
44.
45.
Briana Nichols Karla Umana Tamara Britton Lisette Farias Ryan Lavalley Rachel Hall-Clifford 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2017,28(5):1962-1987
Sharp increases in “child migrants” from Central America detained at the US border in 2014 brought unprecedented levels of attention to long extant social and political issues perceived as causing youth migration. While governments on both sides of the US border faced criticism over responses to the migration “crisis,” the presumed causes of this migration presented in US media discourses went largely unquestioned. This article presents data collected in June 2015 from in-depth interviews with Guatemalan and transnational non-governmental organization (NGO) staff, scholars, lawyers, and activists in order to understand the complex interpretations of child migration by NGO actors in Guatemala. Findings illustrate how NGOs may selectively draw on the power of prevailing media narratives to buttress ideological and programmatic goals while simultaneously contesting how the same media depictions obscure the lived realities of migrants. We consider the transnational information politics of representations of “child migration” across government, media, and civil society sectors and the critical role of NGOs in articulating the complex realities faced by populations vulnerable to migration. 相似文献
46.
Intersectionality and the Role of White Women: An Analysis of Divorce Petitions from Slavery
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Rachel Feinstein 《Journal of historical sociology》2017,30(3):545-560
Research on sexual violence and rape during slavery often focuses on the dynamic between white men and black women. However, white women played an important intermediate role in the sexual violence of enslaved black women. Analyzing divorce petitions submitted during slavery, the unique role of white women and their responses to sexual violence carried out by their husbands offer additional depth to the discussion of rape of enslaved black women. Furthermore, this analysis adds to intersectionality theory with the concept of a web of intersectional incentives, tactics, and consequences that encourage the maintenance of oppression. 相似文献
47.
Adolescent Conflict Appraisals Moderate the Link Between Marital Conflict and Physiological Stress Reactivity
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Rachel G. Lucas‐Thompson Erika S. Lunkenheimer Douglas A. Granger 《Journal of research on adolescence》2017,27(1):173-188
The goal of this study was to advance understanding of how adolescent conflict appraisals contribute uniquely, and in combination with interparental conflict behavior, to individual differences in adolescent physiological reactivity. Saliva samples were collected from 153 adolescents (52% female; ages 10–17 years) before and after the Trier Social Stress Test. Saliva was assayed for cortisol and alpha‐amylase. Results revealed interactive effects between marital conflict and conflict appraisals. For youth who appraised parental conflict negatively (particularly as threatening), negative marital conflict predicted dampened reactivity; for youth who appraised parental conflict less negatively, negative marital conflict predicted heightened reactivity. These findings support the notion that the family context and youth appraisals of family relationships are linked with individual differences in biological sensitivity to context. 相似文献
48.
Rachel J. Copeland 《Journal of Family Social Work》2017,20(5):416-432
ABSTRACTAdolescent pregnancy is often thought of as a social problem, one that can cause the adolescent mother hardship, including poverty, low-educational attainment, and housing instability. Although much research has been conducted about adolescent pregnancy in the developed world, less has considered adolescent pregnancy in the developing world. This qualitative study focuses on women who were impoverished in Costa Rica who had been pregnant in adolescence. The goal of the study was to gain a better understanding of the lived experiences of the mothers, as well as the kinds of support they received during and after the pregnancy. The research sample consisted of 22 female participants who were impoverished and had experienced an unintended pregnancy in adolescence. The key finding from this study was that parental support was the most important factor in mitigating adolescent experiences of stress and negative feelings about their choices related to the pregnancy. The study has implications for the understanding of the experiences of women who are vulnerable with respect to adolescent pregnancies in Latin America and for Latina migrants to the United States. 相似文献
49.
Shanna K. Kattari N. Eugene Walls Stephanie Rachel Speer 《Journal of social work in disability & rehabilitation》2017,16(2):116-140
Transgender and gender nonconforming (GNC) individuals frequently experience discrimination and potentially a lack of respect from service providers, suggesting they have decreased access to professionals with cultural competency. Similarly, people with disabilities experience higher levels of discrimination in social services than their nondisabled counterparts. From an intersectional perspective, this study examines rates of discrimination in accessing social services faced by transgender and GNC people, comparing across ability. Data indicate that although transgender and GNC individuals of all abilities experience gender-based discrimination when accessing social services, those with disabilities experience higher levels of antitransgender discrimination in mental health centers, rape crisis centers, and domestic violence shelters. 相似文献
50.
John W. Creswell Rachel C. Sinley 《KZfSS K?lner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie》2017,69(2):87-105
With much of the development of mixed methods occurring through the works of scholars from the US, the UK, Canada, and the Anglos-Saxon/English-speaking countries, the discourse about a global research community must consider how it needs to be sensitive to diverse cultures. Clearly, the discussion must focus on adapting mixed methods to best fit the problems of countries, the cultural norms of conducting research, and the scholarly talents of in-country investigators. Unfortunately, the mixed methods literature is largely silent on diverse cultural adaptations of mixed methods.In this article, we first trace the involvement of worldwide countries in the historic development of mixed methods. Then, to gain a better understanding of the use and adaptation of mixed methods in diverse world academic cultures, we provide a qualitative study of themes mentioned by participants from seven different countries. From both the historical overview and the qualitative study, we end by making suggestions about specific strategies for a global discourse about mixed methods research, and suggest a de-colonizing presence of the Anglo-Saxon/English-speaking countries in the global expansion of mixed methods. 相似文献