Implementing the ecological approach in tobacco control programs: results of a case study

The ‘new public health’ has stimulated calls to adopt an ecological approach for action aimed at improving population health. However, the implementation of ecological programs has often remained a challenge. The objective of this study was to identify factors facilitating the implementation of ecological tobacco control programming in two Public Health Departments in Québec (Canada) using Scheirer's model of program implementation as a conceptual framework and an exemplary case study design. Analysis revealed two distinct configurations of environmental, organizational and professional characteristics that were related to equally successful implementations of the framework. Key roles for factors such as provincial ministerial guidelines and financial resources, human resources, and relationships and alliances with other organizations, were highlighted. These results replicate findings from quantitative surveys and allow better understanding of the conditions required for planning ecological programming.     

甘南藏族语言文字使用情况问卷调查分析——基于寺院和学校的对比研究

文章以甘南藏族寺院和学校的田野调查资料为基础,对当地的语言文字使用情况及其成因进行了描述与分析,指出近些年当地藏族居民对藏、汉两种语言的使用水平发生了很大变化,藏语的社会功能减弱,语言传承断代和语言转用现象突出.     

Minority government and marginal members: new issues for political and policy legitimacy in Australia

A steady decline in major party support in Commonwealth nations has resulted in changing parliamentary compositions, including the growing prevalence of minority government. Such situations pose new questions for notions of government legitimacy within Westminster systems. For instance, is negotiation with cross-benchers an example of government illegitimacy? What is the legitimate role of non-ministerial members when the composition of parliament gives them the final say on the enabling legislation for public policy? What is the legitimate response of the public sector regarding policy-making in the context of minority government? In this paper, we reflect on how a ‘marginal member’ concept can provide new insights into such issues and their implications.     

剥夺还是赋予:刑事被迫诉人诉权研究

诉权是提起诉讼的权利,其实质是司法保护请求权.在权利易受权力侵害的刑事诉讼中,赋予被追诉人享有诉权有正当性基础.在我国,刑事被追诉人面对自己权利遭受国家权力不法侵害却不能直接以行使诉权方式请求法院救济,这不论是对权利保护还是对防范权力滥用都极为不利.为此,有必要赋予被追诉人享有诉权,这对于我国法治建设有重要意义.     

金仲华媒介批评实践及其艺术特色论略

金仲华注重从社会环境制约的角度分析黄色新闻的流行;他认为报纸副刊有所发展固然是因文字轻松有趣可以调剂读者的阅读趣味,但也与重要新闻报道桎梏太多有关;记者被称为无冕之王,其实没有多少新闻自由。他在批评我国报纸上的国际新闻时,指出国际新闻中充满着国际各种政治力量的角力,提醒读者要注意文字背后的内容。他强调阅读战争新闻要有一双新闻眼,而培养新闻眼需要从知识和技术两个方面着手。具有较为明确的媒介批评意识、知识性强、注重从政治和经济制度的视角去分析、注重数据和实例、从媒体的实然和应然状态之间的差距去透视、客观辩证,是金仲华媒介批评的主要特点。     

市级政府规模的影响因素实证分析——以安徽省为例

以安徽省16个地级市为研究样本,将其分为皖中、皖南和皖北3个区域,分别考察其政府规模变动的影响因素及影响程度。研究表明,财政分权、地方竞争、经济发展水平和贸易开放程度这四个因素对不同区域存在着不同影响;基于以上研究结果,提出了优化安徽省地级市政府规模的相关建议。     

Minority Stress and Stress Proliferation Among Same‐Sex and Other Marginalized Couples

Drawing from 2 largely isolated approaches to the study of social stress—stress proliferation and minority stress—the authors theorize about stress and mental health among same‐sex couples. With this integrated stress framework, they hypothesized that couple‐level minority stressors may be experienced by individual partners and jointly by couples as a result of the stigmatized status of their same‐sex relationship—a novel concept. They also consider dyadic minority stress processes, which result from the relational experience of individual‐level minority stressors between partners. Because this framework includes stressors emanating from both status‐based (e.g., sexual minority) and role‐based (e.g., partner) stress domains, it facilitates the study of stress proliferation linking minority stress (e.g., discrimination), more commonly experienced relational stress (e.g., conflict), and mental health. This framework can be applied to the study of stress and health among other marginalized couples, such as interracial/ethnic, interfaith, and age‐discrepant couples.     

A Bayesian estimate of the concordance correlation coefficient with skewed data

Concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) is one of the most popular scaled indices used to evaluate agreement. Most commonly, it is used under the assumption that data is normally distributed. This assumption, however, does not apply to skewed data sets. While methods for the estimation of the CCC of skewed data sets have been introduced and studied, the Bayesian approach and its comparison with the previous methods has been lacking. In this study, we propose a Bayesian method for the estimation of the CCC of skewed data sets and compare it with the best method previously investigated. The proposed method has certain advantages. It tends to outperform the best method studied before when the variation of the data is mainly from the random subject effect instead of error. Furthermore, it allows for greater flexibility in application by enabling incorporation of missing data, confounding covariates, and replications, which was not considered previously. The superiority of this new approach is demonstrated using simulation as well as real‐life biomarker data sets used in an electroencephalography clinical study. The implementation of the Bayesian method is accessible through the Comprehensive R Archive Network. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.