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971.
It is common to understand the governing of rural space as the outcome of a conflict between some romantic protectors of a lost past on the one hand, and the people who worry about creating economic values on the other. However, the power to shape the rural should not only be searched for in the open struggle between protectors and developers, but also should be analysed at the level of discourse, in the play between discourses about how to deal with the rural. In this paper I therefore present a modernist discourse and demonstrate how taken-for-granted truths about the rural – its history, its present and its future – are made possible by this discourse. Secondly, I will reveal how rurality takes on a different meaning in an alternative to the modernist discourse, emphasizing local and regional autonomy. In demonstrating that rurality is contingent upon a play between these two discourses, I want to provide some new insights into an important force behind the persistence of ideas about rurality in Norway. 相似文献
972.
Ethnic segregation in context: Social discrimination among native Dutch pupils and their ethnic minority classmates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Social discrimination, defined as the relative preference for intra-ethnic over inter-ethnic relationships, was studied in pupils’ networks in Dutch secondary school classes. While native Dutch pupils (ethnic majority members) mainly named fellow majority members, ethnic minority members reported ties with as many majority as minority members. Considering the ethnic composition of the classroom, however, majority members discriminated less than minorities. No strong effect of classroom ethnic composition on social discrimination was found, whereas neighborhood composition was shown to clearly influence social discrimination: ethnic minority members were more, and majority members less inclined to discriminate in neighborhoods with more ethnic presence. 相似文献
973.
Mischen Pamela A.; Sinclair Thomas A. P. 《Jnl. of Public Admin. Research and Theory》2009,19(1):145-164
Public administration scholars often associate increased publicparticipation in policy implementation with the advancementof democratic values. Likewise, scholars engaged in the variousforms of action research (AR) promote their efforts as a meansto democratizing the research process or contributing to improvedsocial outcomes. Despite these common interests in participationand democracy, there have been few attempts to apply AR methodsto policy implementation problems. Drawing on Matland's conflict-ambiguitymatrix, we develop a framework for matching particular AR methodsto specific policy implementation contexts. 相似文献
974.
Kevin A. Whitehead Andrew T. Ainsworth Michele A. Wittig Brandy Gadino 《Journal of research on adolescence》2009,19(1):123-135
The present paper develops and tests two temporal models of the relationships among adolescents' ethnic identity exploration, ethnic identity affirmation and belonging, and attitudes toward their racial/ethnic ingroup and outgroups. Structural equation models for Euro‐Americans, Asian Americans, and Latinos revealed that all hypothesized relationships were positive and significant. The model in which ethnic identity exploration (at Time 1) predicts ethnic identity affirmation and belonging (at Time 2) was superior to the alternative model in which the relationship between them was reversed (i.e., affirmation and belonging at Time 1 predicts exploration at Time 2). Results (1) support the importance of exploration as a basis for establishing a secure attachment to one's ethnic identity, which, in turn, has positive implications for attitudes toward one's own group and other groups and (2) suggest that maintenance of ethnic identity is compatible with positive attitudes toward ethnic outgroups. 相似文献
975.
This study examined the ways in which cultural orientation (communalism and material well‐being) and empathy influence the moral reasoning of African American middle to late adolescents. Specifically, this study utilized path analysis to investigate Ward's (1995) hypothesis that a communal orientation would promote morality among African American adolescents, while a material well‐being orientation would mitigate against it. In addition, it was hypothesized that empathy would mediate the relationship between cultural orientation and moral reasoning. Thirty‐seven high school students and 35 college students participated in the study. Results revealed that communalism was a significant predictor of empathy. Despite prediction, communalism and material well‐being were not predictors of moral reasoning. The findings did not yield support for empathy functioning as a mediator between communalism and moral reasoning. These findings are discussed in terms of previous findings, methodological limitations, and implications for future research. 相似文献
976.
Jody Heymann Francisco Flores-Macias Jeffrey A. Hayes Malinda Kennedy Claudia Lahaie Alison Earle 《Community, Work & Family》2009,12(1):91-103
We present results from a new study of the effects of migration to the USA on the well-being of transnational families in high emigration communities within Mexico. Our survey measured the well-being of family members in a variety of domains: economic, health, education, and child development for a representative sample drawn from high migration municipalities. Compared to those with no recent emigrants to the USA, Mexican households sending non-caregivers to the USA appear to gain economically without contributing to problems faced by children. However, when family caregivers migrate to the USA, the remaining members in Mexico struggle to meet the family's needs and children are more vulnerable to educational, emotional, and health problems. Children in households where a caregiver migrated were more likely to have frequent illnesses (10% vs. 3%, p<0.0001), chronic illness (7% vs. 3%, p=0.011), emotional problems (10% vs. 4%, p=0.006), and behavioral problems (17% vs. 10%, p=0.018) compared with children in households where the migrant was not a caregiver. Research, policy, and program implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
977.
We present findings from a nonexperimental evaluation of an employment program in which both partners in young, low-income,
primarily African-American couples simultaneously participated. Mothers participating in the couples program had larger immediate
gains in employment and earnings and decreases in TANF receipt following their exit from the program relative to mothers who
received employment assistance as individuals. Fathers showed similar although weaker results. These immediate benefits appeared
to be driven by higher rates of program completion among couples’ participants. Couples in which both partners completed the
program experienced the largest quarterly earnings gains, and couples with greater earnings’ gains were more likely to still
be together one year after the program ended. Mothers’ earnings gains eroded in the two years following program completion
and many reported new pregnancies and problems with child care. We suggest directions for future programs and encourage future
studies to consider the range of mechanisms associated with a couples focus, including potential motivational benefits and
unintended consequences.
相似文献
Carolyn J. Heinrich (Corresponding author)Email: |
978.
979.
Infants often protest the activities of their caregivers, and this particular social interaction may provide an important window on early communication and its development. This study used naturalistic methods to investigate the development of vocal protests. Fifteen mother‐infant dyads at each of 5 ages, from 3 to 18 months, were observed at home. Maternal behaviors of caregiving and prohibiting were tallied from videotapes, as were infants' protests of these behaviors. Maternal caregiving decreased with age, but maternal prohibitions increased. There were no changes over age in the probability of protesting maternal caregiving behavior; however, 12‐month‐olds were more likely to protest prohibitions than 6‐ or 8‐month‐olds. Older infants were also more likely to use intense protests, such as screams, than younger infants. These age‐related changes were mirrored by the differences in prohibitions and protests observed between 8‐month‐olds who could crawl and those who could not. Findings from this study were related to previous research on infant crying as an important part of the prelinguistic communication system. 相似文献
980.
Edgar G. Karapetyan Anna A. Atoyan Marta E. Sandoyan Demeh Daradkah 《Transition Studies Review》2009,16(2):287-298
During the modern phase of economic reforms directed at the establishment of market economy, many countries with transition
economies face the challenge of solving the issue of formation and rational usage of internal sources of financing the real
sector of the economy, as well as attracting considerable volume of direct foreign investment. In general, financial market
imperfections hold back innovation and growth, and that public policy can complement financial markets. Therefore, the most
relevant issue at the present time is the formation of attendant and complex supervision institutions, as well as an exigency
of innovative economy governance as mainframe principles for further banking system elaboration and financial sector development
in general. We have taken Armenia as a case study for transition economy as far as Armenia is currently in the stage of capital
market development through integration into international financial markets.
相似文献