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61.
James C. Robinson 《Journal of Labor Research》1988,9(3):237-249
This paper investigates “voice” responses to hazardous and otherwise disagreeable working conditions in the form of workers’
expressed desires for union representation. Using data from three surveys conducted between 1977 and 1982, workers exposed
to significant health and safety risks on the job are found to be substantially more likely to report a willingness to vote
pro-union than are comparable workers not similarly exposed. This finding is obtained using both subjective and objective
measures of hazard and both union and nonunion workers. Management resistance, however, appears to play a strong role in determining
the actual extent of unionization. Between 41 and 48 percent of workers in hazardous jobs desire union representation but
have not achieved it.
Support for this research was obtained from the Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California, Berkeley. Computational
help was provided by Keun Lee and Glenn Shor. Valuable comments on an earlier draft were obtained from William Dickens. 相似文献
62.
This research uncovers a pattern of support and the existence of a relationship network that runs strongly counter to the stereotyped view that lesbians in later life find themselves friendless and without support. The hypothesis that the older lesbian has developed friendship networks to replace missing or weak kin ties is substantiated. The findings are based on 20 in-depth, structured interviews with lesbians whose ages range from 50 to 73. 相似文献
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This paper is an attempt to place the forecasting of socio-political variables in the context of actual information needs of industrial companies. Initially discussion is of the effect of socio-political variables upon companies with a review of this significance for decision makers and decision takers. An attempt is then made to categorise existing forecasting techniques in the context of socio-political data whilst regard is paid to the possible effects of socio-political variables on companies. Discussion is then broadened to a consideration of current practice both in the UK and in the USA. Problems implicit in current practice are commented upon and the paper ends with the conclusion that socio-political forecasting is currently significant to many companies and that there is a major potential role for management scientists to play in the development and implementation of appropriate techniques. 相似文献
67.
Fossil fuels are an important source of energy for Ontario Hydro and purchases exceed $100 million per year. This paper describes a computer simulation of the inventory situation over an eight-year period, which is being used to assess the relationship between order flexibility and the target carry-over stocks at the beginning of each shipping season. A simple way of presenting the results for management evaluation is illustrated. Variations of the model are used to assess random influences, such as strikes, and to determine the economic balance between holding costs and stock-outs. 相似文献
68.
Results from classical linear regression regarding the effects of covariate adjustment, with respect to the issues of confounding, the precision with which an exposure effect can be estimated, and the efficiency of hypothesis tests for no treatment effect in randomized experiments, are often assumed to apply more generally to other types of regression models. In this paper results pertaining to several generalized linear models involving a dichotomous response variable are given, demonstrating that with respect to the issues of confounding and precision, for models having a linear or log link function the results of classical linear regression do generally apply, whereas for other models, including those having a logit, probit, log-log, complementary log-log, or generalized logistic link function, the results of classical linear regression do not always apply. It is also shown, however, that for any link function, covariate adjustment results in improved efficiency of hypothesis tests for no treatment effect in randomized experiments, and hence that the classical linear regression results regarding efficiency do apply for all models having a dichotomous response variable. 相似文献
69.
Environmental scanning is a broadly defined concept, having first received attention from scholars in the late 1960s. Over the years a number of similar and overlapping constructs have emerged in management literature. The aim of this study, via a systematic review and thematic analysis of relevant empirical research, is to consolidate foundation environmental scanning knowledge, demonstrate how scanning research has developed and fragmented over time, and propose an agenda for future research. The first contribution of our review is a new typology of environmental scanning research made up of five discrete research views, which provides a more comprehensive and contemporary overview of the field than previous studies. The second is a proposed agenda for future research that explicitly acknowledges the role of technology, an area that is presently underdeveloped in foundation scanning literature. The third contribution is to signpost future directions for research on scanning and organisational performance using a number of theoretical perspectives. The overall outcome of our review is to move scanning research on from increasingly incremental contributions concerned with context to a place where the changing role of technology and the mechanisms through which environmental scanning contributes to competitive advantage can be more thoroughly understood. 相似文献
70.
David F. Robinson 《Long Range Planning》1974,7(1):58-60
Human Asset Accounting (‘HAA’) is not an accepted tool of long range planning. Indeed many planners probably look sceptically on the possibility that it will ever become a technique which is important to them in their work. Unlike many other methods which have been successfully developed over the last few years HAA involves concepts which are so new that as yet relatively few people have come into contact with them. The object of this article is to give some indication of the conceptual framework on which HAA theories are based and to describe one of the techniques which is being evolved as a possible management and planning tool. 相似文献