The romantic heresy

L'apparition de l'amour romantique en chrétienté du douzième siècle et sa légitimation éventuelle comme base pour la sélection du conjoint sont expliquées en terme du contraste idéologique entre l'amour romantique (mania), l'amour chretien (agape-caritas), et le mariage féodal de convenance (amour pragmatique). Les institutions sociales supportant chaque légitimation sont analysées. L'amour romantique était particulièrement approprié aux aspirations de mobilité des chevaliers sans terre, vu qu'il mettait en question l'emphase sur le devoir dans l'amour chretien et le mariage féodal, sans proposer un renversement marcusien complet du Principe de réalité pour le Principe du plaisir.
The emergence of romantic love in twelfth-century Christendom and its eventual legitimation as a basis of mate selection are explained in terms of the ideological contrast of romantic love (mania) with Christian love (agape-caritas) and feudal arranged marriage (pragmatic love). The social institutions supporting each legitimation are analysed. Romantic love is found particularly suited to the status striving of the landless knights, as it challenged the emphasis on duty in Christian love and feudal marriage, without proposing a complete Marcusian overthrow of the reality principle in favour of the pleasure principle.     

Incentives for Increasing Return Rates: Magnitude Levels, Response Bias, amd Format

The use of monetary incentives has been shown to significantlyincrease response rate. However, previous investigations haverarely investigated the effects of incentives greater than $1,compared different magnitudes of incentives, or investigatedresponse bias due to incentives. The current study also investigatedthe utility of an Answer Check. Results suggest that monetaryincentives increase response rate, larger incentives do notnecessarily further increase survey response, incentives donot appear to bias responses, and the Answer Check does notfacilitate response rate.     

The Supervision of Child Protection Work

Correspondence to Alan Rushton, Course Director, M.Sc. in Mental Health Social Work, Social Work Department, The Maudsley Hospital, 101 Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AZ, UK Summary It has frequently been recommended that statutory child protectionservices in Great Britain need greater provision of specialistsupervision to support front line social workers. This qualitativestudy, based in social services departments in London, usedthe focus group method to explore the provision of supervisionby team managers in a very pressurized work environment. Thestudy highlights the difficulty of protecting adequate supervisiontime but shows how supervisors can use their skills to conductcase related discussion concerned with developing professionalskills. ‘Inquisitorial’ and ‘empathic-containing’functions are identified and an approach is proposed for combiningthem in training courses for child protection supervisors. Thepaper recommends that supervision training needs to be expanded,to be more precisely targeted, and that outcomes need to berigorously and appropriately assessed.     

PRACTICE‐FOCUSED RESEARCH ISSUES FOR SCHEDULING SYSTEMS*

Scheduling research has had relatively little impact on manufacturing practice, yet within the last several years, there has been an explosive growth in the development and implementation of computer‐based scheduling systems in industry. Changes in the environment have increased the stakes and the opportunities for the results of scheduling research to influence manufacturing competitiveness. This paper draws on field‐related experiences with the development and implementation of scheduling systems to propose high‐impact research topics.     

JOB RELEASE CONTROL USING A CYCLIC SCHEDULE*

In just‐in‐time inventory management in any manufacturing setting, the general idea has been to release jobs as late as possible (to reduce inventory costs) while still having them arrive at bottleneck machines in time to maintain the desired throughput (by not starving a bottleneck machine). When a cyclic schedule is employed, the throughput is determined by a cyclic sequence of operations known as the cyclic critical path. These operations are not, in general, all performed on a single bottleneck machine. We present an algorithm for releasing jobs that treats this cyclic critical path as the bottleneck. Although this algorithm has the somewhat complex task of not delaying any of these operations on the cyclic critical path, it is greatly simplified by being able to take advantage of the fixed sequence of the cyclic schedule. The result is that the algorithm is relatively simple to implement. Although it uses a simulation‐based analysis, this analysis can all be done and the necessary results stored in advance of its use. We test the algorithm in a job shop environment with stochastic operation times. This algorithm is shown to be effective at reducing inventory while avoiding decreases in throughput.