Extreme Energy Poverty Incidence and Determinants in Nigeria: A Multidimensional Approach

Social Indicators Research - Energy poverty has emerged in recent times as a crucial aspect of poverty, afflicting the developing world in general and Nigeria in particular. Drawing from some of...     

Age residential segregation in Canadian cities

Des indices de dissimilitude relativement a la distribution rCsidentielle de la population canadienne sont calculis ici pour les groupes d'ige de plus de 65 ans et de moins de 65 ans, ainsi que par sexe. Les donnPes de toutes les villes compris dans les programmes des secteurs de recensement de 1971 (30 villes), 1976 (32 villes), et 1981 (36 villes) sont utilisCes. L'analyse de I'annPe 1981 prksente un indice moyen de 27.5, pour des valeurs s'khelonnant entre 16.7 et 38.2. Les villes de I'ouest canadien presentent les indices de segregation les plus ClevPs, et les indices des femmes igCes sont plus PlevCs que ceux des hommes du mime ige. Depuis 1971, on note une augmentation de la segregation rksidentielle des personnes igCes, et aussi une augmentation de la difference sur la base du sexe. A partir de la thCorie Ccologique, une explication de la variation d'une ville a I'autre des degres de segrCgation est proposCe, puis est fortement appuyee par I'analyse.
Indexes of dissimilarity, measuring the dissimilarity of residential distribution between the population aged 65 years and over and the population aged under 65, were computed for all tracted cities in the 1971 (30 cities), 1976 (32 cities), and 1981 (36 cities) Censuses of Canada. Separate indexes were computed for elderly males and females. The results show an average index in 1981 of 27.5, and a range of 16.7 to 38.2; with cities in Western Canada having the highest segregation indexes. The indexes were higher for older women than for older men. Trends since 1971 indicate an increasing residential segregation of the aged as a group as well as a widening sex differential among them. An explanation of the variations in segregation levels among the cities based on ecological theory received strong support.     

The Social-Entrepreneurship Advantage: An Experimental Study of Social Entrepreneurship and Perceptions of Nonprofit Effectiveness

A common assertion in the nonprofit literature is that nonprofit organizations can become more efficient, effective, and sustainable by embracing social entrepreneurship in their operational and strategic posture. In this article, we examine whether the mere label of social entrepreneurship results—with no actual organizational differences—in an increase in positive attributions associated with a nonprofit organization, an effect we call the social entrepreneurship bias. We experimentally test for the existence of a social entrepreneurship bias by examining how the label of social entrepreneurship alters how people judge a nonprofit’s effectiveness and decide how to allocate scarce donation funds.

     

The Nigerian Civil Registration and Vital Statistics System: Contexts,Institutions, Operation

Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) Systems are playing increasing roles in national and global data infrastructure, facilitating the achievement of key developmental goals. The performance of CRVS systems in many developing countries including Nigeria is sub optimal and information on their structure and operations scanty. This paper characterizes the statutory, institutional, and operational elements and social contexts of the Nigerian CRVS System. It includes a context analysis of the system and a review of improvement strategies and interventions. The paper shows that the Nigerian CRVS System is built on viable statutory and institutional platforms—the constitutional enshrinement of: universal, compulsory and continuous civil registration and, a central registration institution—the National Population Commission (NPC). NPC has registration hierarchy and infrastructure deployed at every level of political administration and mechanisms for efficient coordination of registration and production of vital statistics on live-births, deaths and stillbirths amongst other vital events. The major weaknesses of the system include inadequate financing and deployment of registration facilities, conflicting statutes and institutional arrangements for the registration of key events like death and stillbirths. Other weaknesses include intra-organizational conflicts in resource allocation and weak ICT infrastructure within the NPC. These are compounded by overarching contextual issues namely registration unfriendly sociocultural norms, weak national data infrastructure, systemic corruption, poverty and undeveloped civic culture. Domestic initiatives and interventions to improve the system have focused on birth registration, while multilateral interventions have only made a modest impact on the system. Thus, holistic in-country improvement initiatives supported with robust interventions are imperative to overcome weaknesses in the Nigerian CRVS system. However fundamental improvements in CRVS systems in developing countries like Nigeria may likely only follow sustainable solutions to overarching contextual issues especially poor infrastructure, weak institutions, poverty and systemic corruption.     

The queer periphery: sexual deviancy and the cultural understanding of space

The association of normative sexuality with the geographical center and sexual deviancy with the geographical periphery represents a pattern of thinking that has stayed with us in different guises throughout history. The article traces this pattern and some of its complex ramifications from the ancient Greeks to the present.     

Providing Spatial Data for Secondary Analysis: Issues and Current Practices Relating to Confidentiality

Spatially explicit data pose a series of opportunities and challenges for all the actors involved in providing data for long-term preservation and secondary analysis—the data producer, the data archive, and the data user. We report on opportunities and challenges for each of the three players, and then turn to a summary of current thinking about how best to prepare, archive, disseminate, and make use of social science data that have spatially explicit identification. The core issue that runs through the paper is the risk of the disclosure of the identity of respondents. If we know where they live, where they work, or where they own property, it is possible to find out who they are. Those involved in collecting, archiving, and using data need to be aware of the risks of disclosure and become familiar with best practices to avoid disclosures that will be harmful to respondents.

Serving Immigrant Communities: Effectiveness of Nonprofit Legal Aid Organizations in an Age of Heightened Enforcement

VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - A burgeoning line of research examines nonprofit advocacy, yet few have examined how nonprofits advocate against policy...     

Perceptions of aging among rural, midwestern senior citizens: signs of women's resiliency

This study utilized both quantitative and qualitative approaches to examine perceptions of aging among rural-dwelling senior citizens (203 women and 112 men), ages 65 and older. Quantitative results revealed that, despite no significant gender differences in the total number of medical conditions reported, women were less likely than men to report that health problems interfered with their daily functioning. Qualitative analyses revealed that women were particularly like to identify relationships, frame of mind, participating in activities, and religion/spirituality as important contributors to successful aging.