从一个民族的近代婚姻看理性婚姻的意义

本文通过对纳西族近代婚姻的考察,分析其理性内涵的丰富性、合理性.纳西族近代婚姻是通过对家族经济状况、家庭社会背景、健康状况的综合考察平衡后,经由"父母之命、媒妁之言"缔结的理性婚姻.这种理性婚姻为婚姻的稳定、和满提供了基本条件.本文首次提出"理性婚姻"的概念并指出理性婚姻在一个私有化、现代化社会有其特殊意义.     

汉语简称的分类及其规范

汉语简称是一种较为特殊的语言表达形式,其构成方式也比较多.以往的分类,缺乏统一的标准,结果便不甚理想.本文从简称的构成"原素"及其在全称中的位置两个层次人手,对简称的构成方式进行了重新分类,结果相对严谨合理,界线分明,而且对简称的规范化也有一定意义.     

现代化与中国传统诗学的开新

"现代化"作为20世纪中国文化的套话,深人到中国社会生活的各个层面.中国传统诗学正是在这一背景下遭遇了域外诗学的挑战,并由此规定了现代汉语诗学的路向.本文从外形式到内结构梳理了现代中国诗歌的"现代化"历程,揭示了这一过程中诗学转换的轨迹.     

The Minimal Spanning Tree Preservation Approaches for DNA Multiple Sequence Alignment and Evolutionary Tree Construction

In this paper, we propose a new criterion, namely the minimal spanning tree preservation approach, for both of the DNA multiple sequence alignment and the construction of evolutionary trees. It is our aim to keep the proximity information among the sequences or species via our approach. The basic idea behind this approach is that those distances among species which are close to one another are more informative than the others.     

From Linear to Semidefinite Programming: An Algorithm to Obtain Semidefinite Relaxations for Bivalent Quadratic Problems

In this paper, we present a simple algorithm to obtain mechanically SDP relaxations for any quadratic or linear program with bivalent variables, starting from an existing linear relaxation of the considered combinatorial problem. A significant advantage of our approach is that we obtain an improvement on the linear relaxation we start from. Moreover, we can take into account all the existing theoretical and practical experience accumulated in the linear approach. After presenting the rules to treat each type of constraint, we describe our algorithm, and then apply it to obtain semidefinite relaxations for three classical combinatorial problems: the K-CLUSTER problem, the Quadratic Assignment Problem, and the Constrained-Memory Allocation Problem. We show that we obtain better SDP relaxations than the previous ones, and we report computational experiments for the three problems.     

European cultures and management styles

After the establishment of the Common Market in Europe, many companies from abroad opted for a single European headquarters and searched for European managers. That leads to the question whether one can really speak of a common European management style. The article at hand examines this issue. To do this, the legal framework and Corporate Governance background of individual European countries are assessed. Furthermore, cultural differences in Europe are considered. Referring to studies of cultural dimensions in European countries, the authors propose five different cultural areas in Europe. This leads to a concluding discussion of management styles in these regions.     

Zur Aktualität des Kompetenzbegriffs und zur Bedeutung der Kompetenz-entwicklung für das Coaching

The popular use of the term “competence” and the significance of competence development in coachingThe term “competence” is frequently used by employers, employees, trainers and authors alike, though in many cases the concept behind this term might differ considerably. But what does competence really mean, how does competence differ from other concepts like qualification, ability and skill and what is essential in developing competencies? If competence is seen as a disposition of self-organization, it helps people to solve unknown and difficult requirements based on their knowledge. The basic aim of coaching is the development of job-related competencies. Particularly social and personal competencies can be highly improved and enlarged by coaching. Thereby the coach takes the role of a consultant, who assists the coachees during their learning process and supports them with appropriate methods and tools.     

Methodological Challenges Posed by Measures of Performance

Performance measures are everywhere, but they are filled with errors, and these errors are likely to cause faulty inferences. We should distrust performance measures, but we cannot ignore them because they are powerful motivators that can produce dramatic improvements in human and organizational performance.     

Unsicherheiten im Beratungsdiskurs

Uncertainties in discourses of consulting. Why consultees need philosophy — pragmatism for exampleThe author demonstrates, in which way the pragmatism, particularly the philosophy of John Dewey with his aspects of epistemology, theory of acting, theory of learning, theory of democracy and ethics, can help, how people in organisations can learn to act intelligently and successfully in processes of consulting, although just today uncertainties are wide-spread.     

Mentoring und Coaching in Unternehmen — Abgrenzung der Inhalte

Mentoring and coaching in companies — definition of contentsOften Mentoring and Coaching are used at the same time in the same situations. Mentoring marks the consultation relationship inside the company, regarding knowledge of the culture of the company, habits and unwritten statues, whereas coaching intends to get independent advice for the personality from outside the company. The different use of the terms enables the user to define the roles, contents, goals of the consultation which are dependent of the individual development goals of the person.