Labor Utilization Effects of Labor Scheduling Flexibility Alternatives in a Tour Scheduling Environment

This study used a factorial experimental design and a new modeling methodology to investigate the impact of a number of labor scheduling flexibility alternatives and labor requirements characteristics on labor utilization within a tour scheduling environment. Break-placement flexibility and shift-length flexibility were found to be extremely effective in improving labor utilization for all labor requirement distributions used. Flexibility with respect to the number of days included in a tour schedule resulted in substantial improvement in labor utilization for all labor requirements distributions exhibiting daily and/or weekly variation. Surprisingly, virtually no improvement in labor utilization was achieved for any labor requirement distribution by the removal of requirements for consecutive days off. In addition, almost no improvement was found by allowing the shift start time to vary across the working days included in tours. High labor requirement amplitude was found to have a strong adverse effect on labor utilization while longer operational days were associated with improved labor utilization for all labor requirement distributions. We discuss the implications of these results for service operations management and provide suggestions for future research.     

消费文化与身份建构——论嘉莉妹妹的消费观

《嘉莉妹妹》以真切的现实主义为鲜明特征,真实地反映了19世纪末20世纪初美国兴起的消费热,以及人们的观念如何随之转变,由过去的清教思想强调的克制、勤俭,变为现代的注重欲望,张扬和享乐。本文从消费文化与身份建构的角度分析了女主人公如何从一位天真的农村少女成为喜剧明星的过程,以及女主人公身上所反映出来的美国20世纪消费文化的流变及其产生的负面影响。     

劳动力转移的困境和挑战——基于对凉山彝族外出务工人员困境的思考

目前,在凉山彝区,外出务工是劳动力转移的主要方式,许多家庭通过外出务工脱贫致富。在当地无力承担和消化剩余劳动力的情况下,外出务工的现象将长期存在,正确认识彝区劳动力转移的合理性非常必要。为此笔者对四川凉山的冕宁、盐源等地彝区外出务工人员较多的村寨通过田野调查方式,了解当地劳动力转移的历史和现状,掌握存在的问题并分析其原因,提出解决思路和具体措施。应该建立劳动力转移的社会支持系统,继续不懈地积极推进劳动力转移工作。继续加大各级职业技术教育,增强劳动力转移的市场竞争力。加强法制教育,促进用人机构和彝族群众增强法制意识,依法促进彝族务工者的城市融入。进一步强化乡镇劳务开发工作体系建设,加强跨区域合作,倡导有序输出,规范对劳务经纪人的管理,强化劳务培训质量,提高彝族务工人员素质,保护彝族务工人员的合法益。     

公共支出绩效管理的国际比较与借鉴

提升公共支出绩效既体现了现代预算管理的变革趋势,又符合加强绩效管理的要求,是中国公共财政建设的改革方向。借鉴市场经济国家公共支出绩效管理的经验,需要结合具体国情,循序渐进地引入绩效管理的理念与制度框架,适时建立绩效评价结果与预算编制有机结合的预算约束机制。     

The Effects of Personality Type on Choices Made in Strategic Decision Situations*

Jung's personality-theory typology is used as a framework for exploring the effects of cognitive style on the type and radicalness of choices made in strategic decision situations. Extending the work of Haley and Stumpf [23], it is proposed that individuals with different personality-type preferences exhibit cognitive styles that are associated with specific biases in the pattern of choices they make. Through participation in an interactive behavioral simulation, 407 participants confronted over one hundred ill-structured decision situations and proposed whatever actions they perceived appropriate. The results support the hypothesized relationships that individuals with different personality-type preferences (i.e., sensing-thinking, intuition-thinking, sensing-feeling, and intuition-feeling) take patterns of actions that reflect specific biases (i.e., selective perception, positivity, social desirability, and reasoning-by-analogy, respectively). The implications of these findings for evaluating the likely effectiveness of strategic decisions and making senior-level staffing decisions are discussed.     

Population,immigration, and air quality in the USA: a spatial panel study

Population and Environment - The role of population size in environmental degradation is a source of both political and academic debate, with the role of immigrant population being particularly...     

就地城镇化发展与农民就业转型出路研究——以天津宝坻水苑小区为例

作为新型城镇化的发展模式之一,就地城镇化是促进乡村振兴、推动城乡一体化发展的重要途径。为了更好地了解就地城镇化的实践效果以及农民的就业转型出路,以宝坻周良水苑小区作为研究对象,从就业、收入和生活等多角度深入分析就地城镇化发展中农民就业转型的路径、去向、行业分布、单位类型、收入现状以及影响因素等,以期为探索新型城镇化发展与乡村振兴进程中的相关问题提供经验借鉴。     

蔡廷锴在抗日战争时期的政治转变

从历史人物主体性活动因素考察,抗日战争时期,受军事政治“边缘化”地位影响,蔡廷锴在政治思想上完成了由朴素的爱国主义到资产阶级民主主义的转变,在政治立场上完成了由拥护国民党统治的爱国将领到反对国民党统治的爱国民主人士的转变。尽管这种转变中思想认识的阶级局限成份亦很浓厚,但在当时的历史条件下仍然是一种了不起的进步,为后来蔡廷锴走上拥护中国共产党的领导和追求新民主义革命道路奠定了坚实的基础。     

移民问题与印度特里普拉邦的动荡

特里普拉自并入印度以来,局势长期动荡,移民问题是造成这一状况的主要原因。特里普拉邦是印度建国后唯一的外来移民数量超过本地原住民的邦。跨国界涌入的孟加拉人与当地原住部落民在自然资源、公共权力等领域存在激烈的竞争与矛盾,国内非自愿移民使问题更加复杂。为了维护切身利益,原住部落民成立了多支地下武装组织,部落民与非部落民之间的冲突造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。特里普拉邦的情况是探讨南亚地区移民问题对当地社会经济影响的典型个案之一。