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排序方式: 共有190条查询结果,搜索用时 9 毫秒
51.
Emily A. Stone 《Marriage & Family Review》2019,55(5):403-422
Guttentag and Secord pioneered research on the social consequences of imbalances in the numbers of men and women—the sex ratio. Since then, sociologists, psychologists, anthropologists, and even biologists have investigated its effects on marriage and reproduction. I review the three prevailing theories to explain why sex ratio should affect marriage and reproduction, along with the evidence that it does. I also review the growing evidence that sex ratio imbalances are associated with mate choice. Sex ratio reveals contradictory relationships with mate preferences and actual partner choice, however, raising a conundrum for future research. Overall, there is strong experimental and correlational support for the patterns of marriage and reproduction associated with sex ratio. What emerges is the necessity for future research to distinguish among the perspectives to explain why. 相似文献
52.
Shaw L Jacobs K Rudman D Magalhaes L Huot S Prodinger B Mandich A Hocking C Akande V Backman C Bossers A Bragg M Bryson M Cowls J Stone SD Dawe E Dennhardt S Dennis D Foster J Friesen M Galheigo S Gichuri J Hughes I Isaac A Jarus T Kinsella A Klinger L Leyshon R Lysaght R McKay E Orchard T Phelan S Ravenek M Rebeiro Gruhl K Robb L Stadnyk R Sumsion T Suto M 《Work (Reading, Mass.)》2012,41(4):369-377
53.
54.
The effect of unions on labor markets and economic growth: An analysis of state data 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Despite voluminous research on unions, there still is no consensus on how unions affect a state's economy. Using a panel of
48 U.S. states for the 1978–1994 period, we estimate a series of simultaneous equations to analyze how unions affect various
economic barometers. This provides measures for the partial correlations between unions and performance. The model is then
re-estimated using regional dummies to capture fixed effects and to highlight regional differences in the slope of the Phillips
curve. We find that unions adversely affect unemployment rates and the growth rates of gross state product (GSP), productivity,
and population, while increasing the rate of wage inflation. The impact on the employment growth rate is negative but not
significant. A test for fixed effects reveals regional differences in GSP growth. Regional differences in popu-lation growth
are not significant. Also, the slope of the Phillips curve is significantly dif-ferent across regions. 相似文献
55.
Daniel F. Stone 《Social Choice and Welfare》2011,37(3):397-424
This article analyzes a simple model of policy making under uncertainty in the presence of an interest group that may fund
and lobby research. In the model, if research is not disclosed via lobbying it enters the public domain and, subsequently,
is randomly observed by the policy maker (PM). Consequently, the interest group strategically chooses both whether to fund
research and whether to lobby it versus let it be randomly observed. The main result is that for a range of parameter values,
in equilibrium the interest group sometimes funds, but never lobbies, research. This behavior effectively “jams” the public
signal of the PM, making the policy choice worse on average. This occurs despite all research being unbiased. The results
provide qualified theoretical support for the value of research funding transparency and implications for the interpretation
of interest group funded research. 相似文献
56.
The purpose of this article is to propose a three-step model to help heterosexual therapists become more aware of the influence of their own heteronormative assumptions, heterosexual privileges, and heterosexual identities on the therapy process. This article also provides definitions of concepts central to the practice of affirmative therapy with lesbian, gay, and bisexual clients and strategies that therapists and clients can use to deconstruct heterosexism in the context of therapy. 相似文献
57.
Many Medicaid beneficiaries aged 22 to 64 with serious mental illness may be admitted to nursing facilities rather than psychiatric facilities as a result of Medicaid policies prohibiting coverage of inpatient psychiatric care in institutions of mental disease while requiring states to cover nursing facility care. Using nationwide Medicaid Analytic Extract claims from 2002, we found that nearly 16% of nursing home residents aged 22 to 64 had a diagnosed mental disorder, while 45.5% received antipsychotic medication, but these rates varied widely across states. Further research is necessary to determine whether, among the nation's youngest nursing home residents, care in nursing homes is potentially substituting for care in institutions for mental disease or community-based settings. 相似文献
58.
George C. Stone 《The Journal of social issues》1979,35(1):34-59
The failure of patients to follow recommendations made to them by health experts usually represents a hazard to the patient's health, a waste of health resources, and a source of frustration to the health expert. Many studies of such failure lead to the conclusion that every patient should be considered as potentially "non-compliant." The most promising site for intervention is in the expert-patient interaction. Viewing compliance as a property of the transaction between expert and client, it is appropriate to see the responsibility for establishing compliance as shared between expert and client. From this viewpoint, several models of the expert-client relationship are reviewed. Three areas of responsibility can be assigned to experts—exploring the individual patient's situation fully; anticipating the patient's difficulties in following recommendations; and communicating information in a way that will maximize its effectiveness. Recognition of these responsibilities will have numerous consequences for those who teach health professionals and for psychologists engaged in the study of communication processes. 相似文献
59.
Thomas B. Starr Christine Gause Ada O. Youk Roslyn Stone Gary M. Marsh James J. Collins 《Risk analysis》2004,24(3):587-601
The extensive data from the Blair et al.((1)) epidemiology study of occupational acrylonitrile exposure among 25460 workers in eight plants in the United States provide an excellent opportunity to update quantitative risk assessments for this widely used commodity chemical. We employ the semiparametric Cox relative risk (RR) regression model with a cumulative exposure metric to model cause-specific mortality from lung cancer and all other causes. The separately estimated cause-specific cumulative hazards are then combined to provide an overall estimate of age-specific mortality risk. Age-specific estimates of the additional risk of lung cancer mortality associated with several plausible occupational exposure scenarios are obtained. For age 70, these estimates are all markedly lower than those generated with the cancer potency estimate provided in the USEPA acrylonitrile risk assessment.((2)) This result is consistent with the failure of recent occupational studies to confirm elevated lung cancer mortality among acrylonitrile-exposed workers as was originally reported by O'Berg,((3)) and it calls attention to the importance of using high-quality epidemiology data in the risk assessment process. 相似文献
60.
Helen Stone Tice 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》1994,4(4):445-464
This paper first reviews the measurement and presentation of non-profit institutions in the US national income and product accounts. For the most part in these accounts, transactions of non-profit institutions serving individuals are consolidated with those of the individuals served and recorded in the personal income and outlay account, a treatment that a majority of users have never found satisfactory. The paper next details the recommendations for these institutions proposed for the 1993 System of National Accounts (SNA). The paper then offers some suggestions on how the treatment of non-profit institutions in the US national income and product accounts might be modified in the light of the 1993 SNA recommendations.This paper was originally prepared forImproving Economic Statistics: Measurement of the Nonprofit Sector and Its Presentation in Federal Statistics, a workshop sponsored by The Committee on National Statistics, National Research Council, May 21–22, 1992, at the National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.The author wishes to acknowledge the helpful comments of colleagues at the Bureau of Economic Analysis and other participants in the Workshop, as well as those of two anonymous reviewers. The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Bureau of Economic Analysis or the Department of Commerce. 相似文献